The present study is to investigate the quality changes of ginseng stems and leaves before and after frost. The contents changes of ginsenoside, free amino acid, and total phenolic compounds, as well as DPPH radical scavenging effect before and after frost were measured. The content of 9 ginsenoside monomer in ginseng stems was decreased except for Rg, and Re after frost, but in ginseng leaves was all decreased. The total content of amino acids was decreased in ginseng stems after frost, while increased in ginseng leaves. The content of phenolic compounds in ginseng stems and leaves were both decreased after frost while the ability of DPPH radical scavenging was improved. The factor of frost has great impact on the quality of ginseng stems and leaves.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Ecosystem ; Freezing ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Quality Control

Objective To characterize the clinical characteristics of lupus mesenteric vasculitis (LMV). Methods Analyzing the clinical, laboratory and treatment data of LMV patients hospitalized from 2002. 1.1 to 2007. 12. 31 retrospectively. Results (1) The three common manifestations were abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomit with the prevalence rate of 77%, 70% and 67% respectively. (2)The majority of LMV cases were active vital organ (28/30), kidney (24/30) and hematological system (18/30) were the main organs of involvement. Ten patients had hydroureteronephrosis, and 8 patients had intestinal pseudo-obstruction at the same time. (3) Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) score was ≥10 in 80% (24/30) of patients. The progression of LMV was accompanied with new-onset ieucopenia or worsening leucopenia or hypocomplementemia in 10 cases. (4) Blood antinuclear antibodies were positive in 27 patients detected, and anti-SSA antibody was positive in 15 (56%), anti-U1RNP antibody was positive in 14 (52%). (5) Fourteen cases had bowel wall thickening with target sign or mesenteric vessels with palisade or comb sign in contrast CT scan of abdomen. (6)Twenty-seven cases were treated with orally or intravenous medium to high dose steroid therapy and recovered from LMV. Conclusions (1) Abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomit were frequent manifestations of LMV patients. (2) LMV was one of the serious complications of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), and usually accompanied by active SLE in other organs. (3) A drop in the white blood cell count or complement C3 titer might be correlate with the occurrence of LMV. It needs to further investigate the relationship between LMV and the high positive rate of anti-SSA and anti-U1RNP antibody. (4) LMV patients responded well to intravenous high dose methylprednisolone.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Humans ; Infant ; Inpatients ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; etiology ; mortality ; therapy ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate

Objective To test the level of cell factor interleukin (IL)-21,CXCL13 in the plasma of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA),and to analyze the relationship between Follicular helper T cells(Tfh)and clinic features and discuss the possible immunological pathogenesis of RA.Methods The Tfh cells were obtained from patients and healthy controls (NC) and detected by Flow cytometery.While the levels of IL-21,CXCL13 in patients and NC were measured by ELISA tests.Those analysis were performed by student's t-test,one-way ANOVA,SNK-q test,Chi-square test,Spearman's correlation and multiple linear regression.Results The expression of CD4+CXCR5+ICOS+ cells (Tfh) in PBMCs of RA was significantly higher than normal controls (3.0±1.2 vs 1.1±0.4,P＜0.01).Meanwhile,the three RA groups of patients were divided to low,moderate and high disease activity groups,and the results showed that the expression of Tfh were increased accordingly (1.8±0.7,2.5±0.6,4.0±1.2).The expression of Tfh in the three groups were all significantly higher than that of controls (P＜0.01).There was a positive correlation between Tfh and DAS28,ESR,CRP,TJC,and bone erosion,RF and anti-CCP respectively.The expression of Tfh in those patients who had bone destruction was higher than those with no or mild bone destructions (2.7±1.1vs 3.4±1.3).The expression of Tfh in patients with un-treated RA patients,when compared to those RA patients who were treated appropriately and those who were not treated appropriately,was decreased significantly.The expression of Tfh in appropriately treated RA patients was lower than that without appropriately treatment.The level of IL-21,CXCL13 was decreased in patients with RA in the order of high,moderate,low disease activity and NC.Conclusion The expression of Tfh and the levels of IL-21,CXCL13 are increased significantly,and are closely related to disease activity and bone ersions.The expression of Tfh is decreased after relevant treatment.These results indicate that the abnormality of Tfh may play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the trend of total cancer mortality in Linqu County Shandong Province from 1980 to 2002.

METHODSA retrospective survey on all causes of death in 1980 - 1982, 1990 - 1992 and 2000 - 2002 was conducted in Linqu County, a high risk area of gastric cancer in Northeast of China, respectively.

RESULTSThe cancer death, was found the third leading cause of death in 1980 - 1982 in Linqu County, and the second to that of vascular disease in 2000 - 2002. The cancer mortality (standardized mortality) was 108.97/100,000 (111.48/100,000), 132.38/100,000 (127.94/100,000) and 148.48/100,000 (105.53/100,000) in 1980 - 1982, 1990 - 1992 and 2000 - 2002, respectively. The trend of cancer mortality was significantly increased (Z = 13.42, P < 0.0001). The added cancer-eliminated life expectancy in three periods was 2.46 years, 3.29 years and 3.76 years in male (F = 13.99, P < 0.0001), and 1.67 years, 2.30 and 2.33 years in female (F = 13.61, P < 0.0001), respectively. The standardized mortality of gastric cancer (percentage in all cancer death) was 44.93/100,000 (40.29%), 41.37/100,000 (32.34%) and 27.73/100,000 (26.90%) in 1980 - 1982, 1990 - 1992 and 2000 - 2002, respectively. The trend of gastric cancer standardized mortality was significantly reduced (Z = 6.35, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe mortality of cancer in Linqu County has been increased from 1980 to 2002, but no such trend was found after adjusting ages. However, there was a decreased trend on standardized mortality of gastric cancer in the past 20 years.

China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality ; trends ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Survival Rate

Objective To investigate the expression of GOLPH3 in the tumor tissues of patients with gliomas and evaluate its clinical significance. Methods Seventy-six patients with brain gliomas (13 with grade Ⅰ, 27 grade Ⅱ, 25 grade Ⅲ and 11 with glioblastoma) performed surgical excision in our hospitals from July 2008 to December 2009 were chosen and 9 cases of normal brain tissues from patients performed decompression operation resulting from cerebral hernia were selected as the controls in our experiment. RT-PCR and Western-blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of GOLPH3. Results The results investigated by RT-PCR and Western-blotting were consistent,revealing that the mRNA and protein expression rate of GOLPH3 in glioma tissues was not significantly different between different grades of tumors (P＞0.05), but their expression value was obviously significant between different grades of tumors and increased in a grade-dependent manner (P＜0.05). And minimal mRNA and protein expressions of GOLPH3 were found in the tissues of controls. The up-regulative protein expression of GOLPH3 was positively correlated to the malignancy-grade of the gliomas (r,=0.961, P=0.000). Conclusion The mRNA and protein expressions of GOLPH3 are noted with positive correlation to the pathological grades of the gliomas, indicating th at GOLPH3 may play an important role in the generation and development of gliomas.

Objective To evaluate the corrosion resistance of a new titanium alloy for dental restoration in artificial saliva. Methods In simulated oral environment, the electrochemical behavior of a new titanium alloy(Ti-12. 5Zr-3Nb-2. 5Sn) for dental restoration based on the d-electron alloy design method with high elastic modulus, high mechanical and good biological safety properties was investigated together with that of Ti-6Al-4V and TA2 as control groups. The anodic polarization curve and polarization resistance of these alloys were analyzed and the element release of Ti-12.5Zr-3Nb-2.5Sn and Ti-6Al-4V alloy after immersion in artificial saliva for 1,2,3,5,7,15 d were measured. Results Polarization curve indicated that Ti-6Al-4V alloy had lower breakdown potential(0. 8 V) than Ti-12. 5Zr-3Nb-2. 5Sn alloy did (>2. 5 V) . Ti-6A1-4V alloy showed higher passivation current density (1.45 × 10-4 -1.09 × 10-3 A/cm2) than Ti-12. 5Zr-3Nb-2. 5Sn alloy(3. 32 × 10-6-3.46 × 10-5 A/cm2) and TA2(5. 03 × 10-6-2. 65 × 10-5 A/cm2) did. Polarization resistance results showed that polarization resistance volume of TA2, Ti-12. 5Zr-3Nb-2. 5Sn alloy and Ti-6Al-4V alloy were 371.0, 252.0, and 60. 1 kΩ · cm2 respectively. With the increasing of dipping time in artificial saliva, the ion release of Ti-12. 5Zr-3Nb-2. 5Sn alloy and Ti-6Al-4V alloy increased to different degrees. Ti-6Al-4V alloy always showed more ion release than Ti-12. 5Zr-3Nb-2. 5Sn alloy did in the experiment. Conclusions Data from this study indicated that Ti-12. 5Zr-3Nb-2. 5Sn alloy, as a dental restoration material, had good corrosion resistance in artificial saliva.

Objective:To construct the cardiac rehabilitation program for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from the perspective of self-determination theory (SDT) , and explore its effects.Methods:Totally 90 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who received PCI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between July and October 2018 were selected by convenient sampling. A total of 45 patients undergoing PCI between July and August 2018 were included in the control group, while 45 patients receiving PCI between September and October 2018 were included into the observation group. Patients in the control group received routine care, while patients in the observation group were treated with the cardiac rehabilitation program for patients after PCI from the perspective of SDT on the basis of routine care. Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) and Coronary Heart Disease Self-Management Behavior Scale (CSMS) were used to evaluate the effect of intervention.Results:Totally 41 valid data were collected from the control group, while 43 valid data were collected from the observation group. After intervention, the medication adherence score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the CSMS scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The cardiac rehabilitation program for patients after PCI from the perspective of SDT can improve the medication adherence and self-management behavior of patients after PCI.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of ursolic acid on the chloride channels and cell volume in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE-2Z). The whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to detect the current, and cell imaging technique was applied to measure cell volume. The properties of the currents induced by ursolic acid were investigated by changing the extracellular osmotic pressure, replacing the extracellular anions and applying chloride channel blockers. The results showed that, under isotonic conditions, the background current was weak and stable. When perfusing the cells with ursolic acid (100 nmol/L), a large current (-59.86 pA/pF ± 4.86 pA/pF at -80 mV, 78.92 pA/pF ± 6.39 pA/pF at +80 mV) was induced. The chloride current showed outward rectification and negligible time- and voltage-dependent inactivation. The reversal potential (-4.83 mV ± 0.30 mV) of the current was close to the calculated equilibrium potential for Cl⁻ (-0.9 mV). The permeabilities of the channel to different anions were ranked in order as follows: Cl⁻ = I⁻ > Br⁻ > gluconate. Hypertonic solutions inhibited the current induced by ursolic acid. The chloride channel blockers, tamoxifen (20 μmol/L) and 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpro-pylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB, 100 μmol/L), suppressed the current. Furthermore, ursolic acid decreased the cell volume by (11.78 ± 1.20)% in 1 h, and the effect was inhibited by NPPB. These results suggest that ursolic acid can activate chloride channels, resulting in outflow of Cl⁻ and decrease of cell volume in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.
Carcinoma ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Size ; Chloride Channels ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Tamoxifen ; pharmacology ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathological features of gastric neuroendocrine tumors.

METHODSTwenty cases were reviewed. The specimens were formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded and immunostained by S-P method.

RESULTSAmong the twenty cases, one case was carcinoid, three were malignant carcinoids, six had small cell carcinomas and ten had mixed extocrine--endocrine carcinomas. Immunohistological examination of tumor cells found 80% positive for S-100, NSE (85%), CgA (50%), SY (50%), gastrin (30%), serotonin (65%), AE1/AE3 (50%), and CEA (80%).

CONCLUSIONSIn the WHO classification, there are five histological types in endocrine tumors of gastrointestinal tract. They are carcinoid, malignant carcinoid, small cell carcinoma, mixed exocrine--endocrine carcinoma and tumor-like lesions. But some cases in our paper were so different that they could not be classified. The gastric endocrine tumors are different from intestinal endocrine tumors and in classification, treatment and prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gastrins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology