Objective To investigate the histological changes of rapid tooth movement in dogs treated by resistance reduction and distraction osteogenesis, aiming to establish an animal model and further to reveal the remodeling mechanism of rapid tooth movement. Methods A total of 8 local hybrid dogs were selected as subjects for this study. The second pre-molar was extracted on both sides. The experimental side underwent alvelor surgery for resistance reduction and a home-made tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was installed for rapid tooth movement, while for the other side (control side) only tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was used for rapid tooth movement. The longest active force-delivery span was 2 weeks, followed by 6-week retention. The distance between the moved tooth and anchor unit was recorded weekly, and radiography was performed for each side before and after distraction. The surrounding tissues including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone were sectioned for histological analysis. Results The average distance of tooth movement was 3.55mm on the experimental side and 1.11mm on the control side. The rate of tooth movement was notably higher (P<0.01) and no significant apical root resorption was detected by X-ray on the experimental side. The active alvelor bone remodeling was found on the tension and pressure sides. However, there was no significant difference between the experimental side and the control side after the retention period. Conclusion The rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be accelerated through resistance reduction and periodontal distraction without any unfavorable effects but at minimal anchorage loss.

Stroke is a hi-attack rate,hi-multilation rate and hi-death rate disease.More than 70 percent patients with stroke remain functional disturbance,which destroy their quality of life and bring them heavy burden.The early multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment,rehabilitation care,family rehabilitation training and application of new technology are the major strategies in kinds of rehabilitation treatment on stroke patients.The clinical researches have showed that the effect of multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment is obviously better than simple treatment.So these therapeutic regimens have wonderful prospect and valuable generalization.

Objective To investigate the MR features of pituitary abscess.Methods The MR features of 14 cases of pituitary abscess proved by surgical pathology and clinical treatments were analyzed retrospectively.Results Pre-contrast MR showed hypointense heterogeneous intensity on T_1 WI in 12 cases and iso-hyperintense on T_1 WI in 2 cases,hyperintense on T_2 WI in all cases.Post-gadolinium MR showed the ring-like enhancement around the uneven edge of abscess and the surrounding enhanced meninges connecting to the focus.The normal pituitary could not be identified in all 14 cases.The MR specific findings include the fluid-fluid level,nodule on the edge and the enhanced patchy shadow.Conclusions The pituitary abscess has specific findings on MR examination,which can be used to combine with clinical symptoms to achieve the diagnosis before operation,so that the cases could be treated with antibiotic without operation.

Objective: To make a study of density and affinity of IL-6R in human leukemic cell lines, and discuss the affection of high affinity IL-6R to the targeted treatment of leukemia with IL-6-PE40 fusion protein. Methods: Radial binding assay with scatchard plot and FACS were used to analysis the density and affinity of IL-6R and protein expression of IL-6Rα and β subunits in totally 8 representative human leukemic cell lines. Results: Myelocytie, monocytic and erythrocytic leukemic cell lines U937, HL-60, KG1 and TF1 express high affinity IL-6R, whose average density per cell is 2 502,2 874, 2 319 and 9 329 respectively, however no 125I-IL-6 binding was detected on chronic myelocytic leukemic cell line K562 and lymphoblastic leukemic cell lines such as Raji, CEM and HUT28. These results correlate with those of FACS highly. Conclusion:These observations suggest that acute nonlymphoblastic leukemic cells may be more suitable for targeted treatment with IL-6-PFA0 fusion protein.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an enzyme-active pleiotropic cytokine that is expressed in various immune cells and tumor cells. MIF plays diverse roles in inflammation and tumor progression. It acts as a cytokine involved in immune response and inflammatory lesions. Additionally, MIF is closely associated with tumor proliferation, metastasis, and other tumor hallmarks, exerting a multifaceted influence on tumor occurrence and progression. MIF not only functions by being secreted into the extracellular space as a cytokine but can also be localized within the cytoplasm and nucleus, exhibiting diverse biological functions. As MIF in promoting tumor progression becomes increasingly recognized, MIF-based therapeutic strategies have become a hot research topic in oncology. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of MIF with different subcellular localization about their pro-tumoral functions. A better understanding of MIF in tumor biology will bring broader perspectives for the development of novel MIF targeting strategies and give promising direction for future tumor treatments.

BACKGROUNDIt has been long suggested that abnormal clinical factors in the body, such as dyslipidemia and diabetes, can affect the presence of atherosclerosis. However, few studies on the effect of factors within the normal range, such as the loss of renal function with age, on the prevalence of atherosclerosis are few know in healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors affecting the presence of asymptomatic carotid plaques in a middle-aged and elderly healthy population.

METHODSIn this regard, we prospectively evaluated 245 healthy individuals (98 males and 147 females) at baseline and after 5 years. Changes in the presence of carotid plaque between 2003 and 2008 were categorized into four groups, i.e. subjects without plaque at entry (n = 165): Group 1 (without plaque on two occasions, n = 129) and Group 2 (with nascent plaque at follow-up, n = 36); subjects with plaque at entry (n = 80); Group 3 (with plaque regression at follow-up, n = 29) and Group 4 (with plaque on two occasions, n = 51).

RESULTSUnivariate analysis showed that the positive rate of carotid plaques in males was higher than that in females at the baseline, and that a significantly inverse correlation existed between the prevalence rate of plaque and aging. Logistic regression analysis of cross-sectional research showed that independent risk factors for the prevalence of atherosclerosis were male gender, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) at the baseline, and older age and lower eGFR were involved in the presence of carotid plaques at follow-up point. However, logistic regression analysis of the longitudinal data showed that older age, decreased eGFR and increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) independently predicted the presence of carotid plaques after 5 years in subjects without plaque at entry. In addition, in subjects with plaque at entry, age, changes in eGFR and the baseline levels of serum albumin (ALB) and serum total bilirubin (BIL) dependently influenced the outcome of carotid plaque.

CONCLUSIONPhysiological decline of renal function, together with advancing age, was an independent risk factor which consistently affected the presence of carotid atherosclerosis in two categories of healthy individuals.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; physiology ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; physiology ; Humans ; Kidney ; physiology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors

The discovery, sorting and identification methods as well as targeted drug delivery systems for cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been reviewed by consulting the recent research papers. CSCs have been believed to be responsible for the occurrence and development of chemo-resistance, leading to the failure of chemotherapy. Much progress has been made in the approaches for CSCs targeting drug delivery systems. The understanding and targeted drug delivery systems for CSCs are promising to provide an alternative for cancer therapy.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; drug effects

Currently, individualized exercise prescription plays a vital role in the cardiac rehabilitation of patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases. Many cardiopulmonary exercise tests proved that individualized exercise prescription can lower blood pressure and glucose of patients with cardiovascular diseases, improve cardiopulmonary function, and improve exercise endurance and quality of life. At the same time, this paper also summarized that the individualized exercise prescription should be formulated in compliance with the principle (individuality, effectiveness, safety, professionalization, comprehensiveness and permanence), exercise intensity evaluation method (from previous heart rate, fatigue grading methods into cardiopulmonary exercise test) and the contents of the individualized exercise prescription (with a focus on the exercise intensity formulation).

Taking the typical metabolic control product-guanosine as an example, the method of metabolic flux shift investigation based on process multi-levels parameter correlation analysis was established. The metabolic pathway, multi-parameter correlation, accumulation of amino acid and organic acid during guanosine fermentation process were integratively analyzed. The metabolic flux shift from HMP to EMP was ascertained, which was assumed to be caused by the accumulation of ammonium ion. The subsequent optimization based on controlling flux distribution between EMP and HMP did improve the yield by 35% when the metabolic flux shift was prevented.
Amino Acids ; metabolism ; Ammonia ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Guanosine ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of new bone formation in sinus augmentation with guided bone regeneration (GBR) using collagen membranes.

METHODSThe first maxillary molars of 18 adult female Beagle dogs were extracted and the sinus floors of both sides were lifted with simultaneous implantation. A combination of autografts and Bio-Oss in a 2:1 ratio was placed in the space under the membrane. On the experimental side in each dog, the collagen membrane was folded at the lateral osteotomy window, the apex of the implants and a certain part of palatal bone. On the contralateral control side, the collagen membrane only covered the osteotomy window. Six animals were sacrificed at 4, 12, and 24 weeks respectively after surgery. Gross observation, biomechanical testing and histological examinations were performed.

RESULTSThe translocation of grafted materials and bone absorption were found on the top of implants in the control side, and the grafted materials kept original shape at the experimental side at 4th week. The granule of Bio-oss absorbed obviously at 12th and 24th week. The pull-out force increased with time. At 24th week, the force of pull out was 558.1 ± 37.4 N at the study side, and 471.4 ± 31.5 N at the control side. There was a significant difference in the pull-out force was noted between the two groups (P < 0.01). Histological examination showed new bone formation on the sinus floor, and the grafted materials gradually reduced with time

CONCLUSIONSGBR with the enfolded-coverage of the membrane can effectively decrease absorption of the grafted materialon the apical surface of implants and stimulate new bone formation in the sinus augmentation.

Animals ; Collagen ; Dental Implantation ; Dental Implants ; Dogs ; Female ; Guided Tissue Regeneration ; Male ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Minerals ; Molar ; Osteogenesis ; physiology ; Sinus Floor Augmentation ; methods ; Tooth Extraction