Objective To screen the optimized processing technology of wine radix Scutellariae .Methods With the the com‐prehensive score of the yield rates of baicalin ,wogonoside and baicalein as the index ,the orthogonal design was used to investigate the mass fractions of yellow wine quantity ,stir‐frying temperature and frying time of wine radix Scutellariae .Results The optimum yellow wine mass fraction was 10% ,the stir‐frying temperature was 120℃ ,the frying time was 6 min ,and this processing technolo‐gy was stable and feasible .Conclusion The orthogonal design can be used for the optimization of processing technology of wine ra‐dix Scutellariae .

Objective To evaluate the contrast enhanced CT manifestations of lymphoma involving cervical lymph node and to compare with features of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Methods CT findings of cervical lymph node were reviewed in 56 patients (male 44, female 12; age: 9-75 year, median 42 year) with untreated lymphoma and 66 patients (male 51, female 15; age: 16-76 year, median 48 year) with squamous cell carcinoma. Four patterns of enhanced nodes were identified: Type I: homogeneous enhancement with an attenuation equal or similar to that of muscle. Type Ⅱ: heterogeneous enhancement with an attenuation much higher than that of muscle. Type Ⅲ: central low density with peripheral enhancement. The enhanced rim was thick and irregular (ⅢA), or thin and regular (ⅢB). Type Ⅳ: central soft tissue density with a very thin enhanced capsule. Results There were various manifestations of cervical nodes of malignant lymphoma, more than one type of abnormalities could be found simultaneously. Type I(47/56, 83.9%) and Type Ⅳ(15/56, 26 8%) were almost exclusively found in lymphoma. Type Ⅱ was more commonly seen in squamous cell carcinoma (31/66, 47%), but was rarely seen in lymphoma (8/56, 14 3%). Type Ⅲ can be seen in both of these disease entities (lymphoma 21/56, 37 5%; squamous cell carcinoma 52/66, 78 8%) , but was more common in squamous cell carcinoma ( P

Objective To explore the role of CGRP and progesterone along with it on the etiopathology of PIH. Methods 8 specimens of umbilical vein endothelial cells from women with PIH were cultured. Four groups were divided when cultured cells were confluent: the sera of normal pregnancy women (group 1), the sera of women with PIH (group2), the mixture of the sera of women with PIH and the injection of progesterone (group3), and the same amount of media (group 4). The cultured cell were added respectively into the four different kinds of media. After 24h of incubation, the concentration of endothelin (ET) and CGRP in media were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results 1. Comparing with group1, the concentration of CGRP in group 2 decreased and ET increased significantly. Statistic difference of ET/CGRP was found between the two groups. 2. Comparing with group 1, the concentration of CGRP in group 3 was unchanged and ET increased obviously. No difference of ET/CGRP was shown between them. 3. Comparing with group 3, in group 2, the concentration of CGRP decreased obviously and that of ET unchanged. Significant difference of ET/CGRP was found. Conclusions Progesterone, along with CGRP, might delay the onset and progressing of PIH.

Many specific therapeutic antibody drugs have been developed for different indications. In drug development, it has been found that the antibody isotype framework can not only affect the physical and chemical properties of therapeutic antibodies, but also influence the activity and therapeutic effect. As a result, IgG isotype selection should be considered carefully in antibody drug development strategies. Because of the unique biological characteristics, IgG4 isotype has been used in some therapeutic antibodies for which effector functions are not desired. In order to provide new ideas for the development of antibody drugs, the research and application progress of IgG4 isotype in therapeutic antibody drug development has been reviewed.
Drug Design ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Objective To analyze the change of surgical route and range of hysterectomy in the past 10 years.Methods From January 2000 to December 2010,the clinical data of patients with hysterectomy were analyzed retrospectively,including clinical features,surgical path and scope of operation.Results There were 1980 patients.The predominant reason for hysterectomy was leiomyomas (52.88％,1047/1980),adenomyosis (17.78％,352/1980),cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (12.17％,241/1980).The age of the patients with hysterectomy for abdominal,transvaginal and laparoscopic was (46.54 ± 7.35),(58.73 ± 10.49),(44.10 ±5.12) years.In 2000-2005,the proportion of abdominal,transvaginal and laparoscopic proportion were 81.78％ (615/752),8.64％ (65/752) and 9.57％ (72/752).In 2006-2010 were 64.50％ (792/1228),6.51％ (80/1228) and 28.99％ (356/1228).In 2006-2010,the proportion of abdominal significantly decreased and laparoscopic significantly rised compared with those in 2000-2005,there were statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.01).In 2000-2005,unilateral and bilateral annex removal ratios were 15.43％ (116/752),12.23％ (92/752),in 2006-2010 were 8.63％ (106/1228),7.49％(92/1228).Unilateral and bilateral annex removal ratios in 2006-2010 were significantly lower than those in 2000-2005,there were statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Over the past 10 years,hysterectomy route and range changed with the percentage of laparoscopic increasing,and concomitant unilateral or bilateral annex removal decreased.

Objective To improve the descriptions of health information network resources by analyzing the influen-cing factors of information retrieval.Methods The top 10 papers retrieved on 12 Websites in Chinese and English engines according their titles, keywords and descriptions in the HEAD file of HTML source code with 5 biomedical hot words as the search terms were comparatively analyzed and scored.Results The score of Websites in Chinese and English engines was higher than that of medical and health information network, the score of Chinese network information resources was higher than that of English network information resources .Conclusion The current de-scription of network health information resources is poor .Only by strengthening health information network con-struction and improving the description of health information resources , can more accurate health information be provided for the users.

Objective To investigate the prenatal diagnosis and prognosis of fetuses with mild ventriculomegaly in order to provide evidence for clinical consultation and treatment.Methods The data of 116 mothers with fetal ventriculomegaly who received prenatal care in Peking University First Hospital between January 1,2013 and May 31,2015 were retrospectively analyzed.All cases of fetal ventriculomegaly were found by ultrasound screening,and were subsequently diagnosed by ultrasound consultation as mild ventriculomegaly.The results of fetal cerebral MRI and invasive prenatal diagnosis were analyzed and the growth and development of babies were followed up by telephone using the Gesell developmental scale.All data was analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results Of the 88 cases of solitary ventriculomegaly,48 (54.5％) received karyotype analysis or screening,and only one case was found to be abnormal,which was an unbalanced translocation.Of the 83 mothers with normal delivery,only one infant (1.2％) showed retardation of intelligence and motor development.Of the 28 cases of non-solitary ventriculomegaly,17 (60.7％) received karyotype analysis or screening,and no abnormalities were found.Of the 18 mothers with normal delivery,only one infant showed retardation of growth and development,and was found to have brain hypoplasia before delivery by MRI with normal karyotype.Conclusions The rate of abnormal karyotype in mild vetriculomegaly is very low in this study.The width of the lateral ventricles is stable during pregnancy and the prognosis of infants is good.Thus,whether invasive prenatal diagnosis is necessary for all the fetuses with isolated mild ventriculomegaly remains to be confirmed.

Objective To evaluate the effects of malignant ascites on the morphological characteristics and the proliferation and migration abilities of the tumor cell and ovarian cancer cell lines(SKOV3)in the ovarian cancerous ascites.Methods Tumor cells extracted from the ovarian cancerous ascites were cultured in vitro with DMEM high glucose culture medium,and ovarian cancer cell lines( SKOV3) were cultured in DMEM high glucose and DMEM high glucose with different proportion of malignant ascites.The morphological characteristics of the cells were observed by optical microscope and electron microscope respectively.Cell proliferation ability was de-tected by CCK kit;The effect of SKOV3 on the migration of ovarian cancer cell lines was measured by scratch test.Results The morphological characteristics of tumor cells and ovarian cancer cell lines( SKOV3) in ovarian cancer ascites were significantly different.The proliferation ability of tumor cells was decreased without the asci-tes.The proliferation and migration abilities of SKOV3 cultured in mixed culture medium were significantly im-proved compared with the cells cultured in high glucose medium.Conclusion The change of tumor cell morphol-ogy in ascites benefits its abilities of proliferation and migration.The malignant ascites promote the abilities of pro-liferation and migration of ovarian cancer cell line(SKOV3).

Objective To investigate the relationship between the mechanism of gynecomastia and serum hormone levels ,as well as liver function in male patients with liver cirrhosis .Methods Forty‐six male patients with liver cirrhosis and gynecomastia were collected as gynecomastia group from March 2013 to March 2014 ,and at the same period seventy male patients with liver cirrhosis but without gynecomastia were studied as non‐gynecomastia group . The condition of mammogenesis and maximum of breast thickness were measured by bilateral breast ultrasound .Hormones including luteinizing hormone (LH) ,follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) , prolactin (PRL) ,estradiol (E2) ,progesterone (PRGE) ,and testosterone (T);liver function including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ,aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ,total bilirubin (TBil) and serum albumin (Alb);blood coagulation function including prothrombin time (PT) ,platelet count (PLT) were examined and the Child‐Pugh scores were calculated .t‐test was performed for results comparison between gynecomastia group and non‐gynecomastia groups .Chi‐square test was used to compare the difference in drinking rate between two groups . The patients of gynecomastia group and non‐gynecomastia group were further divided into Child‐Pugh Grade A ,B and C subgroups according to Child‐Pugh scores and the patients of gynecomastia group were divided into subgroups according etiology such as posthepatitic cirrhosis ,alcoholic liver cirrhosis and posthepatitic cirrhosis combined with alcoholc cirrhosis .Single factor analysis of variance was applied to compare the laboratory findings between subgroups ,and least‐significant difference mothod was used to further compared the differences between two subgroups .Results Among forty‐six male patients with liver cirrhosis and gynecomastia ,the mean thickness of breast was (7 .56 ± 2 .84) mm .All the differences of TBil ,Alb ,PT and Child‐Pugh score of Child‐Pugh grade patient were statistically significant between gynecomastia group and no gynecomastia group ((96 .72 ± 75 .86)μmol /L vs (60 .57 ± 54 .00)μmol /L ,(29 .12 ± 4 .90) g/L vs (33 .86 ± 6 .86) g/L ,(19 .06 ± 4 .76) s vs (15 .54 ± 2 .57) s ,11 .54 ± 0 .91 vs 10 .33 ± 0 .57 ,respectively ,t=2 .79 ,-4 .33 ,4 .58 ,2 .22 ,all P<0 .05) . The alcoholic drinking rate of gynecomastia group (74% (34/46) vs 53% (37/70)) increased ,and the difference was statistically significant compared with that of non‐gynecomastia group (χ2 =5 .183 , P<0 .05) .There was no statistically significant difference in E2 levels between gynecomastia group and non‐gynecomastia group (P>0 .05) .PRL and E2/T ratio ((404 .49 ± 297 .26) mU/L and 68 .74 ± 46 .37) were higher than those of non‐gynecomastia group ((279 .77 ± 111 .57) mU/L and 13 .60 ± 11 .55) ,and T was lower than that of non‐gynecomastia group ((7 .15 ± 5 .74) nmol/L vs (15 .46 ± 8 .53) nmol/L) ,and the differences were statistically significant (t=2 .72 ,7 .90、-6 .27;all P<0 .05) .Among patients with gynecomastia ,breast of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis was significantly thicker than that of patients with posthepatitic liver cirrhosis ((9 .25 ± 3 .59) mm vs (6 .67 ± 2 .48) mm) ,while the level of PRGE was lower than that of patients with posthepatitic liver cirrhosis ((0 .61 ± 0 .51 ) nmol/L vs (1 .49 ± 1 .47 ) nmol/L ) , and the differences were statistically significant (F= 3 .634 and 2 .674 ,both P< 0 .05) .Along with the severity of liver injury ,E2 level of gynecomastia group gradually increased ,however there was non‐statistically significant difference compared with non‐gynecomastia group (P>0 .05) .T level of gynecomastia group gradually decreased ,and those of Child‐Pugh B ,C subgroup ((8 .20 ± 7 .58) nmol/L and (4 .18 ± 3 .76) nmol/L) were siginificantly lower than that of Child‐Pugh A subgroup of non‐gynecomastia group ((17 .64 ± 9 .04) nmol/L ,F=9 .37 ,P<0 .05) .The E2/T levels of gynecomastic group gradually increased .There was significant difference in E2/T level between Child‐Pugh C subgroup of gynecomastia group (105 .49 ± 94 .42) and Child‐Pugh A grade subgroup of non‐gynecomastia group (11 .38 ± 9 .60 ,F=12 .57 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusions There are different degrees of sex hormone disorder in the serum of male patients with liver cirrhosis and gynecomastia which is more significant in PRL ,T and E2/T .T and E2/T level are correlated with the degree of liver functional impairment .Gynecomastia in alcoholic liver cirrhosis is more severe than that of posthepatitic liver cirrhosis .

Objective To understand postoperative experience for patients with relapsed bladder tumor and analyze its influence factors in order to supply references of postoperative nursing for nurses. Methods Patients with relapsed bladder tumot(10 cases) were interviewed and the obtained results underwent analysis and finishing thematically. Results Factors influencing postoperative experience included education haekground,whether having faith and hobbies or not,the disease,medical charge and pressure of future life.The supporting system came from family,group and society. Conclusions Nurses should strengthen mental care and health education based on patients' specific circumstances in order to improve postoperative quality of life.