The chemical investigation on Ganoderma philippii led to the isolation of sixteen compounds by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. On the basis of spectroscopic data analyses, their structures were elucidated as 2, 5-dihydroxyacetophenone (1), methyl gentisate (2), (S) -dimethyl malate (3), muurola-4, 10 (14) -dien-11beta-ol (4), dihydroepicubenol (5), 5-hydroxymethylfuran carboxaldehyde (6), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (7), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3-one (8), ergosta-7, 22E-diene-2beta, 3alpha, 9alpha-triol (9), 6/beta-methoxyergo-sta-7, 22E-dien-3beta, 5alpha-diol (10), ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22E-tetraen-3-one (11), ergosta4, 6, 8-(14), 22E-etetraen-3beta-ol (12), 5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (13), 7alpha-methoxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxyergosta-8-(14), 22E-dien-3beta-ol (14), ergosta-8, 22E-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta, 7alpha-tetraol (15), and ergosta-5, 23-dien-3beta-ol, acetate (16). All the compounds were obtained from this fungus for the first time, and compounds 4 and 5 were isolated from the Ganoderma genus for the first time.
Ganoderma ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; isolation & purification

Objective To study the effects of the composite of propolis and magnolol on the growth of Streptococcus mutans (Sm).Methods The solution concentration of the propolis (250,125,62.5,31.25,15.625 g/L),magnolol (0.0625,0.0313,0.0156,0.0078,0.0039 g/L) and the composite of those two (propolis,magnolol) A1 (250 g/L,0.0625 g/L),A2(125 g/L,0.0313 g/L),A3 (62.5 g/L,0.0156 g/L),A4 (31.25 g/L,0.0078 g/L),A5 (15.625 g/L,0.0039 g/L) were chosen according to pretested minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).The solutions were proportionally diluted to the presupposed concentration before operated on the Sm.Meanwhile,the solvent and the bacterial were also operated on the Sm as controls.Slip diffusion method was adopted to measure the inhibitory effect of those solutions on Sm.Results Bacteria inhibition zones were appeared at the concentration of 62.5 g/L prololis and 0.0156 g/L magnolol respectively.A inhibition zone appeared at the lower concentration of A5 (15.625 g/L,0.0039 g/L) of the propolis and magnolol composite.As general,the inhibition effects increased with concentration.The difference were statistically significant,P ＜ 0.05.Conclusions The inhibitory effect of the composite of propolis and magnolol would be much stronger than either of those two separately.

Both severed legs were replanted in a 41-year-old man. Bilateral tibia and fibula were shortened by 4 cm equally. Tibial fixation was performed with reconstruction plate. Four weeks after the replantation, active and passive exercises were initiated in both of the knee joints. Four months after surgery, the patient was capable of walking independently for 20-30 m without the aid of crutches. After 28 months' follow-up, plantar sensitivity was defined as S3. This patient was satisfactory with the cosmetic and functional results.
Amputation, Traumatic ; surgery ; Fibula ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Replantation ; Tibia

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of gossypol acetic acid (GAA) on the proliferation of human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line MEC-1 in vitro and its possible molecular mechanisms of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). MTT assay was performed to test the inhibition of proliferation of MEC-1 cells by GAA. DSB and γH2AX foci formation induced by GAA were detected by neutral comet assay and immunostaining. GAA (5-40 μmol/L) inhibited the growth of MEC-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. One of the indexes of comet assay, percentage of head DNA was decreased, however other indexes, including tail length, percentage of tail DNA, tail moment (TM) and Olive tail moment (OTM) were increased when treated with 2.5- 40 μmol/L GAA for 24 h or 20 μmol/L GAA for 3-48 h, compared with those in control. The percentage of γH2AX-positive cells was also increased when MEC-1 was treated with 2.5-20 μmol/L GAA for 24 h or 20 μmol/L GAA for 3-48 h, compared with that in control. All these results show that GAA inhibits the proliferation of MEC-1, and DSB maybe one of the mechanisms of inhibitory effect of GAA on the growth of tumor cells.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; drug effects ; Gossypol ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Parotid Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the thoracic aorta features in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with echocardiography.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the echocardiographic features and clinical manifestations in 273 patients with BAV detected from 1991-04 to 2006-02.

RESULTS(1) Aortic dimensions of the anulus, the sinuses of valsalva, the sinotubular junction, the ascending aorta at the level of its largest diameter of 31 patients with functionally normal BAV were significantly increased compared that in control subjects (P < 0.01 to P < 0.001) while the dimension of the descending aorta posterior to the left atrium was similar between the two groups (P > 0.05). (2) There is no relation between the vulval positions of BAV and aortic dimensions (P > 0.05). (3) The dimensions of the annulus as well as the sinuses of valsalva were negatively related to the aortic valve gradient, and the dimension of the annulus, the sinuses of valsalva and sinotubular junction were positively related to the degree of aortic regurgitation in 273 patients with BAV (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOur results show there is a hemodynamic independent thoracic aortic dilation in patients with functionally normal BAV. Gradient and aortic regurgitation are related to the dimension of the annulus, the sinuses of valsalva and sinotubular junction in patients with BAV.

Adult ; Aorta, Thoracic ; diagnostic imaging ; Aortic Valve ; abnormalities ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

Angiography ; Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial ; physiology ; Humans ; Tomography, Optical Coherence

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; adverse effects ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

OBJECTIVETo investigate the related factors of portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) in patients with HCC.

METHODSA total number of 234 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were included in this retrospective study. Uni-variate and multi-variate logistic regression analysis were employed to analyze the association between PVTT and 18 routine clinical parameters.

RESULTSAmong the 234 patients with HCC, 15% of patients (35/235) had PVTT. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed significant association of age (P = 0.016), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT, P = 0.003), number of segmental invasion (P = 0.007), microvascular invasion (P < 0.01), segment location of S2 (P = 0.001), S3 (P = 0.000), S4 (P = 0.004) and S6 (P = 0.016). Multivariate analysis shows potential significant predictors of PVTT in HCC were age (RR: 0.373; 95% CI: 0.146-0.954; P = 0.040), the tumor location of S3 (RR: 4.625; 95% CI: 1.916-11. 165;P = 0.001), GGT (RR: 4.091; 95% CI: 1.448-11.553; P = 0.008) and microvascular invasion (RR: 20.912; 95% CI: 4.745-92.172; P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSPVTT occurred more commonly in the younger (< 50 years old), and those with high level of GGT, segment location of S3 and microvascular invasion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Child ; Embolism ; etiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between physical activity (PA) and the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Chinese adults.

METHODSData on PA and other variables were obtained at the baseline examination of China Multi-center study of Cardiovascular Epidemiology in 1998 and of International Collaborative study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia(InterASIA) during 2000 - 2001. Follow-up study was conducted in 2007 - 2008. A total of 11 512 Chinese adults aged 35 - 74 years (5563 men and 5949 women) were included in the final data analysis. Information on demographics, PA, smoking and alcohol consumption were obtained and components of MS were examined. Participants were divided into four groups according to quartile of total metabolic equivalent (MET) values per day. In addition, subjects were grouped into the following categories according to occupational PA: inactive, light, moderate and vigorous. Binary logistic model was used to examine the association between PA and the incidence of MS.

RESULTSA total of 2527 cases with MS were documented during an average following up of 8.1 years. The annual incidence rate of MS was 2.71% (2527/93 178.68). After multivariate logistic regression analysis, compared with participants with total PA volume < 32.0 MET×h×d(-1) (annual incidence rate was 3.19% (697/21 830.74)), the RR (95%CI) value of participants with total PA volume during 32.00 - 37.85, 37.86 - 52.29, and ≥ 52.30 MET×h×d(-1) was 1.05(0.92 - 1.19), 0.98(0.86 - 1.12), and 0.68(0.59 - 0.80), respectively (χ(2)trend = 34.23, P < 0.05), with corresponding annual incidence rates of 2.82% (690/24 504.25), 2.73% (661/24 179.36) and 2.11% (479/22 664.33). In addition, compared to inactive occupational PA (annual incidence rate was 2.76% (402/14 588.33)), the corresponding RR (95%CI) value was 0.80 (0.69 - 0.92), 0.70 (0.59 - 0.82), and 0.54 (0.45 - 0.65) (χ(2)trend = 42.34, P < 0.05), and the annual incidence rates were 2.86% (648/22 663.41), 2.40% (455/18 956.14) and 1.89% (344/18 173.86) in participants with light, moderate and vigorous occupational PA, respectively.

CONCLUSIONBoth increased total PA volume and occupational PA intensity are significantly associated with decreased risk of incidence of MS.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Objective To explore the effects of preoperative serum cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) on the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods This prospective study enrolled 176 patients with ESCC. 2 test was used to analyze the relationship between CA19-9, NSE and general clinical features. Survival curves were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method and comparisons were performed using the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards model was performed for multivariate analyses of overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). Results The patients with both high CA19-9 and NSE had the poor prognosis compared with those had both low CA19-9 and NSE (OS: HR=2.310, 95% CI: 1.208-4.418; DFS:HR=2.354, 95% CI：1.265-4.381). Compared to the separate detection of the two markers, the combined detection of CA19-9 and NSE was more accurate in the prognosis prediction of patients with ESCC (OS:C-index=0.686; DFS:C-index=0.684). Conclusions Preoperative serum CA19-9 and NSE were risk factors for the prognosis of patients with ESCC. Combined detection had higher accuracy of prediction of prognosis in patients with ESCC.