Background The aspheric intraocular lenses(IOLs)can reduce ocular spherical aberration to some degree.However,the clinical effect depends more on the IOL proper alignment.It becomes more important to study the IOL position in eye,Objective This study was to analyze the position alteration of IOL after phacoemulsification combined with implantation of one-piece soft IOLs.Methods In this prospective control study,80 eyes of 40 patients with age-related cataract were enrolled.The phacoemulsification with IOL implantation was performed in all the eyes.Decentration and tilt of IOL in the nasal superior,superior temporal,inferior temporal and nasal inferior quadrants(the intersection point of the system optical axis and the IOL maximum cross plane were regarded as the ordinate origin)were measured by rotating Scheimpflug camera(Pentacam Oculus)in 3 months postoperatively under the mydriasis condition.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to this trial.Results In the right eye group,the IOL decentered toward temporal in 26 eyes(65％)and infratemporal in 16 eyes(40％).IOLs tilted temporally in the horizontal plane in 37 eyes(92.5％)and tilted inferiorly in the vertical plane in 34 eyes(85.0％).In the left eye group,IOLs decentered temporally 33 eyes(82.5％)and 20 IOLs (50％)infratemporally,IOLs tilted temporally in the horizontal plane in 37 eye(92.5％)and 36 IOLs(90％)tilted inferiorly in the vertical plane.There was no statistical difference for the intercomparsion of horizontal/vertical decentration in various quadrant in the right eye(F =0.221,0.792,P＞0.05).The obvious elevated horizontal decentration was found in the supertemporal and infratemporal quadrants compared with supernasal quadrant in the left eyes but there was no significant difference in the vertical decentration among 3 quadrants(F=0.576,P＞0.05).Decentrations were positively correlated with the tilt in both horizontal and vertical plane(right eye horizontal plane:r=0.374,P=0.002;right eye vertical plane:r=0.402,P=0.001 ;left eye horizontal plane:r=0.377,P=0.002；left eye vertical plane:r=0.347,P=0.002).Conclusions The one-piece soft IOLs(Adapt AO)decenter toward temporal mostly in 3 months after surgery,especially infratemporally in the eye.And the optical axis of the IOL tilt toward infratemperol mostly in both right and left eyes.The decentration and tilt are consisted in the corresponding direction between the right and left eyes.The position of the IOLs showed mirror symmetry between right and left eyes.The IOLs decentration show the positively correlation to tilt whatever in horizontal and vertical plane.

OBJECTIVETo establish transgenic mice with GFP expression in the vascular endothelium during neovascularization.

METHODSThe vector nestin-hsp68-gfp containing nestin second intron was introduced into U251 cells and the expression level of GFP was detected by fluorescence microscopy. Transgenic mice were produced by microinjection. The genome of the offspring mice was screened by PCR, and GFP expression in the vascular endothelium was detected using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThirteen offspring mice were obtained and 2 of them were positive for GFP in the vascular endothelium as detected by PCR. GFP was detected in the offspring mice both at the embryonic stage and after birth.

CONCLUSIONSThe transgenic mice with GFP expression in the vascular endothelium during neovascularization have been successfully established.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Base Sequence ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; genetics ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Nestin

Objective To improve the quality of the management of the elderly patients with cancer in Sichuan province,and to understand the attitudes and perspectives of elderly surgeons and oncologists for the management and treatment of elderly patients with cancer.Methods A face-toface questionnaire interview was conducted with oncologists (n 64) and geriatricians (n =64).128 physicians were involved in this study.Results The cancer management and therapeutics were deemed appropriate at present by 9.38％ (6/64)of the geriatricians and 25.00％ (16/64)of the oncologists.The 39.06％ (25/64) of geriatricians used to notice geriatric syndromes,while 81.25％ (52/64)of oncologists never concerned about the geriatric syndrome(P=0.011).As for the causes of the therapy-associated toxicity,oncologist versus geriatrician payed an attention to malnutrition (100.00％ vs.100.00％ in both groups),to mobility disorders(65.63％ vs.65.63％,84/128 in both groups),to cognitive impairment/mood disorder (89.06％ in geriatrician group vs.75.00％ in oncologist group,P=0.038).For the factors affecting treatment decisions,a physical ability attention (oncologists vs geriatricians:70.31％ vs.92.19％;P =0.002),and comorbidity (oncologists vs geriatricians:62.50％ vs.79.69％,P =0.032) had statistically significant difference.In addition,lack of geriatrics knowledge was also reported by more oncologists.However,one hundred percent of participants wanted very much to cooperate with each other in their clinical work.When responding to the clinical scenario,the 10.94％ (7/64)of geriatricians and 32.81％ (21/64)of oncologists chose modified treatment for 65-74 years old patient with cancer(P =0.003).When the age of the patients was 75-84 years old,only 12.50 ％ (8/64) of geriatricians prefer end-of-life care,while 31.25 ％ (20/64) of oncologists chose it (P =0.010).Conclusions Selection of treatment decisions in the elderly patients with cancer affect by ageing.Both oncologists and geriatricians are concerned with the elderly patients with cancer,ageing syndrome,total sickness and functional status.And these doctors support an establishment of a multi disciplinary team cooperation for the elderly patients with cancer.Therefore,the establishment of mutual cooperation between the two professionals is necessary and feasible.

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of severe acute occupational poisoning accidents related to metal and metalloid and provide scientific evidences for prevention and control strategies.

METHODSThe data from the national occupational poisoning case reporting system were analyzed with descriptive methods.

RESULTS(1) There were 39 severe acute occupational poisoning accidents related to metal and metalloid for 15 years, which showed that there were 2.6 accidents occurred each year. Thirteen chemicals were reported to cause poisoning directly with 609 workers poisoned and 32 workers died. On average, there were 15.6 workers poisoned and 0.8 workers died of poisoning in each accident. The total poisoning rate was 52.9%, and the total mortality was 5.3%. The average poisoning age was (29.2 +/- 9.08) years old and the average death age was (32.3 +/- 9.9) years old. (2) The number of accidents related to metal and metalloid had been rising since 1997, and 43.6% of the accidents were caused by hydrogen arsenide. (3) The accidents mainly occurred in manufacture and chemical industry and easily occurred in some jobs, such as cleanout and porterage. (4) The main causes of the accidents were poor ventilation (22.5%), lack of personal protection equipment (19.8%), lack of safety education (19.8%), and lack of safety work practice (15.3%).

CONCLUSION(1) The accidents related to hydrogen arsenide and arsenide should be highly emphasized. (2) It is important to strengthen the safety education and personal protection.

Accidents, Occupational ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Metalloids ; poisoning ; Metals ; poisoning ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze severe acute occupational poisoning accidents related to organic solvents reported in China between 1989 and 2003, and to study the characteristics of severe acute occupational poisoning accidents and provide scientific evidences for prevention and control strategies.

METHODSThe data from the national occupational poisoning case reporting system were analyzed with descriptive methods.

RESULTS(1) There were 58 severe acute occupational poisoning accidents related to organic solvents for 15 years with 393 workers poisoned and 48 workers died. The total poisoning rate was 51.2%, and the total mortality was 12.2%. The average poisoning age was (30.9 +/- 8.8) years old and the average death age was (30.6 +/- 12.0) years old. (2) There were 11 types of chemicals that caused these poisoning accidents, and most of the accidents were caused by benzene and homologs. (3) Most of the accidents occurred in manufacture, chemical industry, construction industry, transportation and storage industry, service and commerce. The risk was higher in some jobs than in others, such as paint spraying and cleanout. The poisoning accidents occurred more frequently from April to July each year. (4) The main causes of the accidents were poor ventilation (23.6%), lack of personal protection equipment (21.2%), lack of safety education (19.2%), and lack of safety work practice (15.8%) etc.

CONCLUSIONThe ventilation at the workplace involved in organic solvents should be maintained and the skin contacting directly with the organic solvents should be avoided, and it is encouraged to replace the poison with the nontoxic or lower toxic chemicals.

Accidents, Occupational ; Adult ; Benzene ; poisoning ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Organic Chemicals ; poisoning ; Paint ; poisoning ; Solvents ; poisoning ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze severe acute occupational poisoning accidents related to irritating gases reported in China between 1989 and 2003, and to study the characteristics of severe acute occupational poisoning accidents and provide scientific evidences for prevention and control strategies.

METHODSThe data from the national occupational poisoning case reporting system were analyzed with descriptive methods.

RESULTS(1) There were 92 severe acute occupational poisoning accidents related to asphyxiating gases during 15 years, which showed that there were 14.5 accidents occurred each year. Forty types of chemicals were reported to cause poisoning accidents directly. On average, there were 14.5 persons poisoned and 0.8 persons died of poisoning in each event. The number of death of poisoning reached 7 in most of the severe accidents. Chlorine was the main irritating gas resulting in poisoning accidents according to the number of accidents, cases and death.

CONCLUSION(1) The severe acute occupational poisoning related to irritating gases are more dangerous than others because of it is involved in more cases in each accident. (2) The accidents have concentricity in the certain types of chemicals, industries and jobs, and should be focused on control. (3) It is important to develop the program about early warning and forecast and the first aid.

Accidents, Occupational ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Gas Poisoning ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Irritants ; poisoning ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze severe acute occupational poisoning accidents related to asphyxiating gases reported in China between 1989 and 2003, and to study the characteristics of severe acute occupational poisoning accidents and provide scientific evidences for prevention and control strategies.

METHODSThe data from the national occupational poisoning case reporting system were analyzed with descriptive methods.

RESULTS(1) There were 273 severe acute occupational poisoning accidents related to asphyxiating gases for 15 years with 1638 workers poisoned and 600 workers died, which accounted for 53.95% in total accidents and 35.17% of workers poisoned and 78.64% of workers died of all severe acute occupational poisoning accidents. The average poisoning age was (33.8 +/- 9.7) years old and the average death age was (36.6 +/- 10.0) years old. (2) Most of the accidents were caused by hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide respectively, and mainly occurred in chemical industry, mining, water disposal industry, paper making industry and brewing industry. The risk was higher in some jobs than others, such as cleanout, machine maintenance and repair, production, mine and digging. The poisoning accidents occurred more frequently from April to September each year and occurred in the confined space, in the basement and the mine, and workers died of poisoning mostly were men.

CONCLUSION(1) The severe acute occupational poisoning accidents related to asphyxiating gases are more dangerous than others. (2) The control of poisoning accidents related to hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which occurred easily in the confined space, should be paid more attention to, and good work practice should be developed on some posts, such as digging, cleanout, dredge, machine maintenance and repair and mine.

Accidents, Occupational ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Gas Poisoning ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze severe acute occupational poisoning accidents reported in China between 1989 and 2003, and to study the characteristics of severe acute occupational poisoning accidents and provide scientific evidences for prevention and control strategies.

METHODSThe data from the national occupational poisoning case reporting system were analyzed with descriptive methods.

RESULTS(1) There were 506 acute severe occupational poisoning accidents for 15 years with 4 657 workers poisoned. The total poisoning rate was 54.8%, and the total mortality was 16.5%. The average poisoning age was (31.9 +/- 9.8) years old and the average death age was (33.7 +/- 10.3) years old. The poisoning accidents occurred more in men than in women. (2) There were more than 112 chemicals which caused these poisoning accidents. Most of the accidents caused by hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, benzene and homologs, metal and metalloid and carbon dioxide, and the types of chemicals varied in different types of industries. (3) The accidents mainly occurred in chemical industry, manufacture, water disposal industry, mining and construction industry, and the risk was higher in some jobs than others, such as cleanout, machine maintenance and repair, production, mine and digging. The accidents occurred more frequently from April to August each year.

CONCLUSION(1) The control over the severe acute occupational poisoning is urgent. (2) The trend of the characteristics of severe acute occupational poisoning accidents is centralized in the high risk industries, poisons and jobs. (3) The characteristics of the accidents varied in different types of industries. (4) It is the key point to strengthen the supervision on poisoning.

Accidents, Occupational ; prevention & control ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Industry ; Male ; Poisoning ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of snoring on facial growth in children and the changes after surgery.

METHODSObservations on facial growth were taken by X-ray 1.5 - 2 years before and after surgery on 40 children snorers aged between 2 - 5 years old, whose tonsils and (or) adenoids were completely removed. The data collected before surgery in the 2 - 3 years old snorers and in the 4 - 5 years old ones were compared with the data from healthy children at the same age respectively.

RESULTSThe comparison of data between 21 children snorers aged from 2 - 3 and 17 healthy children of the same ages showed that there was no significant difference in the diameter of pharyngeal cavity at tongue base (PAS), the diameter of nasopharyngeal cavity (UPW-PNS) and the angle between mandibular plane and frankfort horizontal plane (FH-MP) within 2 - 3 years group by statistically (P > 0.05). There is no significance in UPW-PNS and FH-MP angle within 4 - 5 years group by statistics (P > 0.05). Others results is significance in all groups (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in all groups expect Y-axis Angle 1.5 - 2 years after surgery (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAbnormal facial growth was caused by the consistent force from the changed way of breathing due to the increasing narrowness of upper airway obstruction and the long-existing obstructive sleep. Surgery done as soon as possible is helpful to reduce the force caused by the obstruction and helpful to the normal facial growth.

Adenoidectomy ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case-Control Studies ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillofacial Development ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Snoring ; Tonsillectomy

AIMTo determine the biochemical effect of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on testes, liver, kidneys and pancreas on day 10 in the process of degeneration of the seminiferous epithelium.

METHODSDiets containing 2% DEHP were given to male Crlj:CD1(ICR) mice for 10 days. The dose of DEHP was 0.90 +/- 0.52 mg/mouse/day. Their testes, livers, kidneys and pancreata were examined for detection of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), nitrogen oxides (NOx) produced by peroxidation of nitric oxide (NO) with free radicals, and lipid peroxidation induced by the chain reaction of free radicals.

RESULTSHistological observation and serum analysis showed the presence of severe spermatogenic disturbance, Leydig cell dysfunction, liver dysfunction and dehydration. Unexpectedly, the concentration of MEHP in the testes was extremely low compared with that in the liver. However, the concentration of the NOx in the testes was as high as the hepatic concentration. Furthermore, free radical-induced lipid peroxidation was histochemically detected in the testes but not in the liver.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that DEHP-induced aspermatogenesis is caused by the high sensitivity of the testicular tissues to MEHP rather than the specific accumulation or uptake of circulating MEHP into the testes.

Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Copper ; metabolism ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Iron ; metabolism ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Nitrogen Oxides ; metabolism ; Pancreas ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Spermatogenesis ; drug effects ; Testis ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Testosterone ; blood ; Zinc ; metabolism