OBJECTIVE: To analyze the development of managerial psychology so as to solve culture, managerial system and peculiar problems at the transitional phase.DATA SOURCES: By using CNKI and PSYCINFO database, we searched literature on organization and managerial psychology in the past 20 years. We also collected the authors' research papers related to this area in the recent years.DATA SELECTION: We selected 24 research articles on organizational reforms, leadership behavior, motivation mechanism and organizational culture.DATA EXTRACTION: Seventeen out of the 24 articles were excluded because they overlapped with each other in content to some extent. Therefore,this article reviewed the other 7.DATA SYNTHESIS: On the basis of comprehensive analysis of development of managerial psychology at home and abroad, this article predicts the newly emerging hot issues and trend of research on managerial psychology, and further puts forward the short-term and long-term development goals of managerial psychology research.CONCLUSION: Paying attention to research on organization-level changes,accentuating on the systematic exploitation of human resources, continuously expanding research field and giving more concern for the national goals are the development trend of managerial psychology.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; adverse effects ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

Objective To investigate the TCM syndrome type distribution of hypertensive patients; To analyze the correlation of blood pressure variability (BPV) parameters and its influence factors. Methods The data of 515 hypertensive patients including demographic information, laboratory test parameters, risk factors and clinical symptoms were collected for correlation analysis and the patients were divided to different TCM syndromes. BPV parameters of 515 hypertensive patients were acquired by 24 h ambulatory blood pressure, then our study analyzed and compared the differents of 24 h MSBP, 24 h MDBP, 24 h MSCV, 24 h MDCV, DMSBP, DMDBP, DMSCV, DMDCV, NMSBP, NMDBP, NMSCV, NMDCV between different TCM syndromes. Results There were 160 cases with hyperactivity of yang due to yin deficiency syndrome, 136 cases with turbid phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, 83 cases with overabundant liver-fire syndrome, 69 cases with deficiency of kidney qi, and 67 cases with abundant phlegm-dampness syndrome. The difference of gender and age was statistically significant between different TCM syndromes (P<0.05). Compared with the group of hyperactivity of yang due to yin deficiency syndrome, the level of 24 h MSBP, 24 h MDBP, DMSBP, DMDBP, NMSBP, NMDBP, 24 h MSCV, 24 h MDCV, DMSCV, DMDCV, NMSCV and NMDCV had statistical significance in the groups of turbid phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, overabundant liver-fire syndrome, deficiency of kidney qi and abundant phlegm-dampness syndrome (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors including gender (female), insomnia (time<6 h), sodium salt intake, emotion and educational level were positively correlated to hyperactivity of yang due to yin deficiency, and other factors including gender (female), age, sodium salt intake and educational level positively correlated with turbid phlegm and blood stasis syndrome. And the study also showed that age, sodium salt intake, family history of hypertension and educational level were positively correlated to abundant phlegm-dampness syndrome. Conclusion The BPV parameters and blood pressure are significantly increased d in the group of hyperactivity of yang due to yin deficiency than other groups, but decrease in the group of abundant phlegm-dampness syndrome. Hyperactivity of yang due to yin deficiency syndrome, abundant phlegm-dampness syndrome and turbid phlegm and blood stasis syndrome are closely related to the influencing factors that lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.

Objective To study the clinical features and curative effect of hepatitis associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) in children of China.Methods Patients' records in China Biological Medicine Database (CBM-disc 1980-2011) and Wan Fang Database were reviewed.The clinical data of the children with newly diagnosed HAAA were respectively studied,including clinical manifestations,blood routine,bone marrow examination and viral serology results,as well as the treatment and clinical effect.Results A total of 50 children were confirmed as HAAA.There were 41 boys and 9 girls.The median age was 8.2 years(range 0.8 to 15.0 years) on diagnosis.The causes of hepatitis could not be identified.The median interval between hepatitis occurrence to blood cell reduction was 10 weeks.Twenty-two cases were diagnosed as severe aplastic anemia and 13 cases as very severe aplastic anemia.Fifteen children died within 1 month after diagnosis.In the immunosuppression treatment group,the percentage of overall responders was 69.2％,which was higher than that of the non-immunosuppression treatment group (18.5％) (x2 =9.920,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Severe HAAA is very common in school children,especially in boys.The children with HAAA have a higher early death rate.Immunosuppression therapy is effective if combined with androgenic hormone with an earlier diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNE1 and KCNE2 gene variants in the cases of sudden manhood death syndrome (SMDS). METHODS: One hundred and sixteen sporadic cases of SMDS and one hundred and twenty-five healthy controlled samples were enrolled. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples. Gene variants of KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNE1 and KCNE2 were screened by direct sequencing. RESULTS: A total of 14 mutations and 14 SNP were detected. Two non-synonymous mutations of them were newfound. There was no non-synonymous mutation found in the control group. CONCLUSION There are KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNE1 and KCNE2 gene variants found in Chinese SMDS cases. KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNE1 and KCNE2 gene mutation may correlate partly with the occurrence of some cases of the SMDS in China.
Base Sequence ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Death, Sudden/ethnology* ; ERG1 Potassium Channel ; Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels/genetics* ; Humans ; KCNQ1 Potassium Channel/genetics* ; Long QT Syndrome ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Potassium Channels ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/genetics*

Aim To preliminarily investigate the effect of brusatol(BRU), the monomer components fromChinese medicines on H1299 cells and its mechanisms.Methods CCK-8 and EdU staining experiment were used to detect the effect of BRU on cell prolifera-tion.Clone formation experiment was performed to measure the effect of drugs on cell clone formation.Hoechst33258 staining experiment and flow cytometry were employed to observe the cell apoptosis.Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expression levels of Bcl-xL, Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved-caspase-3, caspase-3, Gadd45α, PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt and NF-κB-p65.Results CCK-8 assay revealed that the inhibitory effect of H1299 cells gradually increased with the rising of BRU concentration and action time.Compared with control group, the EdU incorporation rate of the BRU treatment group decreased significantly.Treated with different concentrations of BRU for 24 h, the clone formation rate was significantly reduced in a concentration-dependent manner.Hoechst33258 experiment and flow cytometry showed that BRU could induce apoptosis in H1299 cell nucleus and increase its apoptotic rate.Western blot results revealed that BRU could significantly up-regulate the protein levels of Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, Gadd45α, and significantly down-regulate the expression of Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, caspase-3.In addition, BRU could significantly decrease the expression level of p-PI3K, p-Akt, NF-κB-p65 in cell nucleus.Conclusions BRU can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of H1299 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and the nuclear shuttle of NF-κB-p65.

Aim To explore the effect of homoharringtonine (HHT) on the prohferation of liver cancer cell PLCS and its possible mechanism. Methods CCK-8 and EdU were used to detect the effect of HHT on the proliferation of PLCS cells; flow cytometry was employed to assess the effect of HHT on cell cycle of PLCS; Western blot was applied to measure the expression levels of cycle-related proteins cyclinA, CDK 2, p 2 1, p53 and A T M. Results Treated with HHT (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 • L

OBJECTIVE: Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) could predict a lower risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the association between ideal CVH and subclinical atherosclerosis in a population cohort of Chinese adults aged ⪖ 40 years. METHODS: This study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis of 8,395 participants who had complete data at baseline and a prospective analysis of 4,879 participants who had complete data at 4.3 years of follow-up. Ideal CVH metrics were defined according to the American Heart Association. Subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by plaques in carotid arteries, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). RESULTS: Both the prevalence and incidence of atherosclerosis measures were found to be decreased with increasing numbers of ideal CVH metrics at baseline (all P values for trend < 0.01). The levels of CIMT and UACR at follow-up showed an inverse and significant association with the numbers of ideal CVH metrics at baseline (both P values for trend < 0.05) but a borderline significant association with baPWV (P for trend = 0.0505). Taking participants with 0-1 ideal metric as reference, we found that participants with 5-6 ideal metrics had significantly lower risks of developing carotid plaques (odds ratio, OR = 0.46; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.27-0.79), increased CIMT (OR = 0.60; 95% CI 0.42-0.84), and increased baPWV (OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.34-0.97) after full adjustments. A significant interactive effect of age and CVH was detected on CIMT and baPWV progression (both P values for interaction < 0.05). CONCLUSION The numbers of ideal CVH metrics showed a significant and inverse association with the risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults, whereas its dose-response effect was attenuated in individuals aged ≥ 60 years and partially weakened in male participants.
Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies

Objective: To investigate the current status and real performance of the detection of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion transcript levels and WT1 transcript levels in China through interlaboratory comparison. Methods: Peking University People’s Hospital (PKUPH) prepared the samples for comparison. That is, the fresh RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive (+) bone morrow nucleated cells were serially diluted with RUNX1-RUNX1T1 negative (-) nucleated cells from different patients. Totally 23 sets with 14 different samples per set were prepared. TRIzol reagent was added in each tube and thoroughly mixed with cells for homogenization. Each laboratory simultaneously tested RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels of one set of samples by real-time quantitative PCR method. All transcript levels were reported as the percentage of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or WT1 transcript copies/ABL copies. Spearman correlation coefficient between the reported transcript levels of each participated laboratory and those of PKUPH was calculated. Results: ①RUNX1-RUNX1T1 comparison: 9 samples were (+) and 5 were (-) , the false negative and positive rates of the 20 participated laboratories were 0 (0/180) and 5% (5/100) , respectively. The reported transcript levels of all 9 positive samples were different among laboratories. The median reported transcript levels of 9 positive samples were from 0.060% to 176.7%, which covered 3.5-log. The ratios of each sample’s highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.5 to 12.3 (one result which obviously deviated from other laboratories’ results was not included) , 85% (17/20) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ②WT1 comparison: The median reported transcript levels of all 14 samples were from 0.17% to 67.6%, which covered 2.6-log. The ratios of each sample’s highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.3-13.7, 62% (13/21) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ③ The relative relationship of the reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 transcript levels between the participants and PKUPH was not always consistent with that of WT1 transcript levels. Both RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels from 2 and 7 laboratories were individually lower than and higher than those of PKUPH, whereas for the rest 11 laboratories, one transcript level was higher than and the other was lower than that of PKUPH. Conclusion The reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels were different among laboratories for the same sample. Most of the participated laboratories reported highly consistent result with that of PKUPH. The relationship between laboratories of the different transcript levels may not be the same.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine whether coronary atherosclerotic plaque composition is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in Chinese adults. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis in 549 subjects without previous diagnosis or clinical symptoms of CVD in a community cohort of middle-aged Chinese adults. The participants underwent coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography for the evaluation of the presence and composition of coronary plaques. CVD risk was evaluated by the Framingham risk score (FRS) and the 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score. RESULTS: Among the 549 participants, 267 (48.6%) had no coronary plaques, 201 (36.6%) had noncalcified coronary plaques, and 81 (14.8%) had calcified or mixed coronary plaques. The measures of CVD risk including FRS and ASCVD risk score and the likelihood of having elevated FRS significantly increased across the groups of participants without coronary plaques, with noncalcified coronary plaques, and with calcified or mixed coronary plaques. However, only calcified or mixed coronary plaques were significantly associated with an elevated ASCVD risk score [odds ratio (OR) 2.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-5.32] compared with no coronary plaques, whereas no significant association was found for noncalcified coronary plaques and elevated ASCVD risk score (OR 1.25; 95% CI 0.71-2.21) after multivariable adjustment. CONCLUSION Calcified or mixed coronary plaques might be more associated with an elevated likelihood of having CVD than noncalcified coronary plaques.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors