OBJECTIVE Xingnaojing injection(XNJ)is an extracts of Angong Niuhuang Pill that is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of septicemia and stroke.This study aims to investigate the effect of XNJ on intestinal mucosal barrier in septicemia and intracerebral hem-orrhage(ICH)mice models.METHODS The septicemia mice models were induced by intravenous in-jection with lipopolysaccharide(20 mg·kg-1).And the ICH mice models were made by intrastriatal injec-tion of bacterial collagenase. The septicemia animals were treated intravenously with XNJ at dose of 2.5,5,10,or 15 mL·kg-1.The ICH animals were treated intravenously with XNJ at dose of 10 mL·kg-1. Thereafter, the permeability of intestinal mucosa was assayed by FITC-D method. RESULTS Com-pared with the control group(44.72±4.30),the permeability of intestinal mucosa in the mice in septice-mia group (233.68±28.18) was significantly increased (P<0.01). Treatment with XNJ at dose of 5, 10, and 15 mL·kg-1reduced the permeability of intestinal mucosa (150.45 ± 17.52,139.21 ± 17.05,132.55 ± 18.88,respectively, P<0.01)except 2.5mL·kg-1(240.71±21.42,P>0.01);Compared with sham group (57.88±7.31),the permeability of intestinal mucosa in the mice of ICH(282.25±23.78)was significantly in-creased(P<0.01). Treatment with XNJ (10 mL·kg-1)in the mice of ICH group ameliorated the change of permeability in intestinal mucosa (148.83±15.86, P<0.01). CONCLUSION XNJ exhibits the protec-tive effect on the intestinal mucosal barrier in septicemia and ICH, which will prevent the endotoxin to penetrate the intestinal mucosa and then to enter the circulation in infections and stress.

Objective: To study the effect of GuiFu capsule on sexual hormone and other relative factors in rats with endometriosis.Methods: Endometriosis was induced in rats by surgery of self-endometrium transplant.Rats with successful models were randomized into GuiFu capsule group and Danazol group.Expressions of ER,PR,VEGF and NK cells were examined by immunohistochemical stainin;the level of E2 and P was detected by radioimmunoassay.Results: GuiFu capsule can reduce the level of E2 and P in the blood of rats(P

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of ketogenic diet(KD) on refractory epilepsy in children.Methods KD treatment was designed to observe the effects for 12 weeks.Totally 22 children with 16 boys and 6 girls were enrolled in the study.The epileptic syndromes included infantile spasms(13 cases),Lennox-Gastaut syndrome(4 cases),Dravet syndrome(2 cases),and the unclassified(3 cases).The KD was prepared according to the modified Johns Hopkins regimen.Urinary ketones were measured every day to ensure that ketosis state and parents′ diaries were kept to find out when it started to work and the change of seizure frequency.Effects of KD was evaluated by Engel standard.Blood chemistry was done at baseline,4 weeks and 12 weeks to analyze the effects of KD on metabolism.Side effects were monitored and treated.Results All cases completed the KD regimen for at least 2 weeks,19 cases for at least 4 weeks,and 10 cases for at least 12 weeks.Sixteen out of 22 children experienced the seizure reduction within 3 weeks(1-15 d),especially in the first week,and seizure free appeared within 5 weeks(1-32 d) in 8 cases.Overall,the diet achieved the seizure-free in 36.4%(8/22 cases) and an over 90% of seizure frequency reduction in 22.7%(5/22 cases).The efficacy of KD seemed not correlated with the sex,age,etiopathogenisis,and syndromes and so on.Blood chemistry suggested a normal range of glucose level at 4 weeks,though higher than that at the baseline.The blood triglyceride and total cholesterol level at 12 weeks increased strikingly,even beyond the normal range compared with the baseline.The side effects mainly including transient gastrointestinal symptoms and metabolic disturbances were mostly tolerable.Conclusions KD is probably a feasible therapy on refractory epilepsy in children,with quick and high efficacy and few side effects.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of AngongNiuhuang Pill(AGNH) on neurological function and intestinal mucosal barrier in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS Male CD-1 mice were randomly divided into sham, ICH, AGNH 0.1 g·kg-1, AGNH 0.2 g·kg-1, and AGNH 0.4 g·kg-1groups. The ICH mice models were prepared by intrastriatal injection with collage-nase using a stereotaxic frame.Garcia test was used to evaluate the neurological function of mice.The brain water content was measured with dry/wet weight method.The permeability of intestinal mucosa was detected by FITC-D method. H&E staining was used to observe the pathological changes of intestine. The content of endotoxin in blood and the expressions of ZO-1,occludin in intestinewere also investigated.RESULTS After AGNH administration,the neurological score of mice was increased,and the brain water content was decreased(P<0.01).AGNH attenuated the ICH-induced increase of perme-ability of intestinal mucosa(P<0.01).Treatment with AGNHnot only alleviated the pathological changes of the intestine but alsoreduced the endotoxin content in blood (P<0.01).The expressions of ZO-1, occludinin AGNH groups were significantly increased compared with that of ICH group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION AGNH improves the neurological dysfunction in ICH mice and the mechanism of action is implicated in protecting the intestinal mucosa.

Objective To quantitatively analyze the histological and MR images of repaired tissue (RT) following microfracture for knee joint osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) in rabbit models at different time points,make comparisons with the RT performances of joint debribement,explore the efficiency of the microfracture treatment for OCD.Methods Twenty-seven New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned into 3 groups (sacrificed at the end of 3,5 and 7 weeks post-operation respectively),with 9 in each group.For each rabbit,one knee joint was made into an OCD model.In each group,6 were for microfracture treatment,and the other 3 were for joint debridement as control.MR scan,which mainly included sequences of 3D double echo steady state sequence (3D-DESS) and T2-mapping,was taken at 3,5 and 7 weeks postoperation.The thickness index and T2 value index of RT were calculated and T2-mapping of repaired region was drafted.Then the operation sites were removed to make histological sections of HE and Masson staining.The modified O' Driscoll score system was employed to make semi-quantitative evaluation for the histological performance of RT.Comparisons were made with respect to MR and histological findings between two treatments at each time point using unpaired Student t test.Effects of two treatments were evaluated longitudinally by comparing the results of three time points using one-way ANOVA.Results The post-operation thickness indexes of two groups increased gradually (F =33.940,28.841,P ＜ 0.05),T2 value indexes decreased (F =80.183,206.206,P ＜ 0.05),and O'driscoll scores increased gradually (F =29.867,17.167,P ＜ 0.05).At each time point,the thickness index of microfracture was higher than that of debridement group(3-week:0.743 ±0.048 vs 0.624 ±0.013,t =4.077 ;5-week:0.813 ±0.031 vs 0.734 ±0.015,t =4.107 ; 7-week: 0.972 ± 0.064 vs 0.777 ± 0.039,t =4.782 ; P ＜ 0.05),and the defects of microfracture in 7-week group were almost fully recovered while the defects of the debridement in 7-week group were not.The T2 value index of microfracture group was lower than that of debridement group at 3-week point(1.338 ±0.043 vs 1.510 ± 0.009,t =6.583,P ＜ 0.05),but it was higher than that of debridement group at 5-week and 7-week points (5-week: 1.284 ± 0.097 vs 1.116 ± 0.068,t =2.663 ; 7-week: 0.916 ± 0.036 vs 0.843 ± 0.016,t =3.283 ; P ＜ 0.05).The O'Driscoll score of microfracture group was higher than that of joint debridement at every time point(3-week:7.167 ±0.753 vs 4.667 ±0.577,t =5.000;5-week: 9.833 ± 1.169 vs 7.667 ± 0.577,t =2.960 ; 7-week: 11.167 ± 0.753 vs 8.333 ± 1.155,t =4.520 ; P ＜ 0.05).For microfracture group,the RT was mainly repaired by fibrocartilage and got matured gradually with more production of well-distributed collagen fibrils ; while for joint debridement group,the RT was mainly repaired by fibrous and scar tissue.Conclusions The post-operation repairing thickness and tissue composition of microfracture for OCD are superior to that of joint debridement.MR 3D-DESS and T2-mapping can show the thickness and tissue composition of the RT after OCD treatments,provide effective evaluation of repairing conditions,and they are of great importance on the OCD post-op follow-up.

To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of phototherapeutic keratectomy ( PTK ) in the treatment of bullous keratopathy ( BK) .METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 60 cases ( 60 eyes) of BK patients from Department of Ophthalmology in our hospital October 2011 to July 2014 was undergone. Clinical data of all patients with treatment of PTK were analyzed. Best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism, corneal thickness and corneal endothelial cell density ( ECD ) , postoperative complications before and after surgery were compared. RESULTS: BCVA, corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism of patients before surgery were 0. 05 ± 0. 01 and 37. 02±5. 38, 1. 08±0. 67D, which were significantly less than those of postoperative ( respectively 0. 45 ± 0. 13 and 46. 27 ± 7. 02, 1. 92 ± 0. 73D ), the differences were statistically significant (all P<0. 05). Corneal thickness of patients was 492. 33 ± 18. 27μm before surgery, which was higher than that after surgery 377.27±22.49μm (P<0.05). The difference of visual acuity before and after surgery was statistically significant in this group (P<0. 05). During the follow-up period of 6mo, no recurrence of the original corneal lesions, only 2 cases of postoperative slight haze, it was completely dissipated after given the hormone eye drops.CONCLUSlON: Excimer laser technology has high safety in the treatment of bullous keratopathy, it should be promoted in clinical practice.

Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia of the orbicularis oculi muscles, producing excessive eye closure. The etiology and pathogenesis is still unclear now. lt is usually appearing in adult period and predominant in females. The symptoms are typically triggered by stress, fatigue, intense light or individual factors. At advanced stages patients develop functional blindness. At present the main treatments include: botulinum toxin ( BTX ) , surgical procedures, systemic and ocular drugs and traditional Chinese medicine treatment. BTX administration has been an effective treatment. Surgical procedures have good effect but should be limited to the rare patients that do not respond to botulinum toxin treatment. A great variety of drugs have poor results. Chinese medicine has a certain therapeutic effect. Transcranial magnetic stimulation can improve symptoms. The epidemiology, anatomy, physiology, clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment system were reviewed in this paper.

A novel rapid method for detection of the illicit beta2-agonist additives in health foods and traditional Chinese patent medicines was developed with the desorption corona beam ionization mass spectrometry (DCBI-MS) technique. The DCBI conditions including temperature and sample volume were optimized according to the resulting mass spectra intensity. Matrix effect on 9 beta2-agonists additives was not significant in the proposed rapid determination procedure. All of the 9 target molecules were detected within 1 min. Quantification was achieved based on the typical fragment ion in MS2 spectra of each analyte. The method showed good linear coefficients in the range of 1-100 mg x L(-1) for all analytes. The relative deviation values were between 14.29% and 25.13%. Ten claimed antitussive and antiasthmatic health foods and traditional Chinese patent medicines from local pharmacies were analyzed. All of them were negative with the proposed DCBI-MS method. Without tedious sample pretreatments, the developed DCBI-MS is simple, rapid and sensitive for rapid qualification and semi-quantification of the illicit beta2-agonist additives in health foods and traditional Chinese patent medicines.

Objective To establish and optimize three-cube FRET assay in living cells and analyze subunit assembling of iGluR receptors. Methods Taking HEK293 cells cotransfed with pECFP and pEYFP as negative control, and those transfected with pECFP-YFP as positive control,different calculation methods using fluorescence microscopy were compared. Results These calculation methods were all suitable for FRET measurement in the system. but the measurement results were affected by the ratio of Donor/Acceptor (D/A) in some degree,and different calculation methods have different optimized conditions. FRET measurement using FR value showed subunit specific assembly of iGluR subtypes.Conclusion There are different optimized conditions for these different calculation methods in the three-cube FRET measurement system,and a further evidence is provided for subunit specific assembling of iGluR subtypes from the FRET assay.

Objectives To assess the value of external anal sphincter electromyography (EASEMG) in evaluating the related autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease ( PD), parkinsonism dominant multiple system atrophy (MSA-P) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Methods From the records of EAS-EMG collected in our lab (total 562 cases), 60 PD (male 41, female 19), 68 MSA-P (male 35,female 33) and 13 PSP (male 10, female 3) were included in the analysis in this study. Mean duration,polyphasic ratio and satellite potential occurrence rate were comparable among the groups. Mean duration prolongation were graded as normal ( ＜ 10.0 ms), mild ( 10.0-11.9 ms), moderate ( 12.0-13.9 ms)and severe ( ≥ 14.0 ms). Results Among all related autonomic symptoms, the occurrence rate of constipation, urinary incontinence, urgency and frequency in patients with MSA-P(95.8% (23/24) ,94.6% (53/56) ,87.7% ( 50/57 ), 85.7% (42/49), 76.5% ( 39/51 ) ) were higher than that of PD ( 61.5%(16/26), 62.3% (33/53), 30.6% (15/49), 46.2% (24/52), 45.7% (21/46)) and PSP (75.0%(3/4) , 62.5% (5/8), 50.0% (4/8), 42.9% (3/7), 42.9% (3/7)). The abnormal rate of EAS-EMG in PD, MSA-P and PSP were 60.0%, 94.2% and 84.6%, accordingly. Mean duration ( PD ( 12.0 ± 1.6)ms, MSA-P (15.4±3.0) ms, PSP (13.8±1.8) ms), polyphasic ratio (PD 46.2% ±19.2%, MSA-P 63.9% ± 15.8%, PSP 51.5% ± 12.1% ) and satellite potential occurrence rate ( PD 9.5% ± 8.3%,MSA-P 26.5% ± 15.9%, PSP 19.2% ± 12.5% ) varied significantly different among the groups ( F =31.724, F = 17.412, x2 =45. 335, all P ＜0.01 ). Severe mean duration prolongation was overwhelming in MSA-P (66.2% ) , compared with mild 10.3% and moderate 23.5%. The predominant prolongation degree was moderate in PSP (61.5%, mild 7.7%, severe 30.8% ), and mild in PD (36.7%, moderate 36.7% ,severe 11.7%, normal 15.0% ). Conclusions EAS-EMG could play a role in evaluating the related autonomic dysfunctions in PD, MSA-P and PSP. The EAS-EMG impairment was severe and frequent in MSA-P, mild and infrequent in PD, moderate in PSP. The spectrum of mean duration prolongation suggested the possibility of Onuf's nucleus involvement in these diseases.