Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of gabapentin and the related substances in gabapentin capsules. Methods:A Kromasil C8 column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm)was used. The mobile phase was methanol-0. 01 mol·L-1 po-tassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (adjusting pH to 6. 9 with 2 mol·L-1 potassium hydroxide) (40∶60). The detection wave-length was 210 nm. The column temperature was 40℃ and the injection volume was 20μl. The main component and the known impuri-ty were determined by an external standard method. The unknown impurities were determined by a self-control method. Results: The calibration curve of gabapentin was linear within the range of 2.5-20.0 mg·ml-1(r=0.999 9). The average sample recovery was 100. 74% with RSD of 0. 24%(n=5). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate,specific and applicable in the determination of gabapentin and the related substances in gabapentin capsules.

Objective To understand the heterochro-Matin-associated protein 1(HP1-γ) expression during the carcinogenesis and progresston of esophageal carcmoma,and preliminarily investigate the supertortty of using laser scanning cytometer to analyze immunohistochemistry results compared to traditional scoring methods.Methods A tissue microarray containing different grades of esophageal carcinoma was selected and the HP1-γ expression was detected by immunohistochemistry.The results of immunohistochemistry were analyzed quantitatively by using laser scanning cytometer.The correlation of results analyzed by using laser scanning cytometer and traditional scoring methods was analyzed by chi square test.Results The HP1-γ was primarily expressed in the nucleus.The positive rate of HP1-γ in normal esophagus,moderate-severe atypical hyperplasia，in situ carcinoma and squamous cancer was 37.5% (3/8),100%(21/21),100%(7/7) and 23.7% (9/38),respectively,with the difference being statistically significant among normal esophagus，oderate-severe atypical hyperplasia plus in situ carcinoma and squamous cancer(P<0.01).There was a high correlation between the results analyzed by laser scanning cytometer and those by traditional scoring methods under a light microscope(P<0.01).Conclusion HP1-γ may play a resistant role in the transformation from normal esophageal cells to malignant cells.Compared to the traditionally artificial scoring methods,there are many advantages such as high resolution,high objectivity and accuracy when using laser scanning cytometer to analyze the immunohisto chemistry results.

Hepatic Stellate Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; metabolism ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism

Objective This study observed the association between body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC)and blood pressure level in ratal residents from west Liarming province.Methotis This epidemiological study using stratified cluster random sampling was conducted from 2004 to 2006 in Fuxin County,Liaoning Province,43 692 rural residents(21 680 males)aged 35-74 years old[(49.8 ±10.2)years ] were surveyed.Database was established with the help of Epidata 3.1 software.Results In total 43 692 persons were surveyed,including 21 680 male(49.6%)and 22 012 female(50.4%).The average BMI and WC was(23.31±3.08)kg/m2and(80.87 ±9.40)cm,respectively.No matter male or female,SBP started from 20 kg/m2,increased with the increase of BMI;DBP increased gradually with the increase of BMI:the prevalence of hypertension were significant differences among different BMI groups (P<0.001).Multiple logistic regression show that in male,using the group with BMI,<18 kg/m2 as control,28 -30 kg/m2 group OR and 95% CI was 6. 285(4. 612 -8. 566) ; in female, when BMI >22 kg/m2 OR increased with the increasing of BMI. In male and female, both SBP and DBP, also the prevalence rate of hypertension increased gradually with the increase of WC (P <0. 001 ). No matter in male or female,when BMI < 24 kg/m2, and WC male < 85 cm, female WC < 80 cm, the average blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension are the lowest; after adjusting for age and other risk factors, the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity for male with hypertension OR are 1.704 ( 1. 592 - 1. 825) and 3. 710 (3. 148 -4. 371 ), respectively, for female is 1. 527 ( 1. 428 - 1. 632 ) and 3.014 ( 2. 668 - 3. 405 ), respectively.When the WC is higher than the standard, male and female hypertension risk OR and 95% CI are 1. 231( 1. 153 - 1. 314) and 1. 353 ( 1. 269 - 1. 442), respectively. Conclusion Both BMI and WC are risk factors of hypertension.

The paper is aimed to establish a methods for identication of pearl powder and conch powder from different origins. Hermetic aluminum pan was used to encapsulate samples. The optimal testing conditions were: heating rate 10 degrees C x min(-1), sample weight 3 mg and nitrogen gas flow rate 40 mL x min(-1). The enthalpy values of pearl powder and conch powder was obvious different. Identication of pearl powder and conch powder by DSC is a practical method for its accuracy, convenience and practificality.
Animal Shells ; chemistry ; Animals ; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; methods ; China ; Discriminant Analysis ; Pinctada ; chemistry ; classification ; Powders ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the contents of organochlorine pesticides in human bodies and residues in serum of populations with non-occupational exposure as well as to study the relationship between organochlorine pesticides in foodstuff and residues levels in serum.

METHODSA cross-section study was conducted. 107 men and 142 women who were all healthy and living in the communities were investigated from Mar. 2004 to Jul. 2004. Level of daily food exposure was estimated through questionnaires while DDTs and HCHs serum levels were detected by EC-ECD. The relationship between organochlorine pesticides contents in foods and residues in serum were analyzed by ridge regression.

RESULTSFresh fish was positively correlated to men's serum level of beta-HCH and p,p'-DDT (beta = 0.1266 and beta = 0.0595) while vegetables and fruits were negatively correlated to women's serum level of beta-HCH (beta = -0.1066). Soybean was negatively correlated to women's serum level of p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT (beta = -0.0965 and 3 = -0.0581). Alcohol consumption was negatively correlated to men's serum level of beta-HCH and p,p'-DDE and women's serum level of p,p'-DDE (beta = -0.1315, beta = -0.1599 and P = -0.1128).Salted meat was negatively correlated to men's serum level of beta-HCH and p, p'-DDT (P = -0. 066 and P = - 0.0569).

CONCLUSIONIn this study, fresh fish might increase the body burden of organochlorine pesticides and residues while alcohol might promote the excretion of organochlorine pesticides. Pickled meat and vegetal foodstuff might contain low-level of organochlorine pesticides and residues.

China ; Diet ; Environmental Exposure ; Food Contamination ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; blood ; Pesticide Residues ; blood ; Seafood ; Vegetables

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical outcomes of intrasacrospinal muscular approach and posterior midline approach in treating far lateral lumbar disc herniation.

METHODSThe clinical data of 32 patients with far lateral lumbar disc herniation underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion from January 2004 to January 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into intrasacrospinal muscular approach group (11 males and 6 females ) and posterior midline approach group (10 males and 5 females). All patients were followed up from 12 to 18 months with an average of 15.3 months. Operative time, blood loss, postoperative draining volume were recorded and pre-and post-operative visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were compared between two groups.

RESULTSOperative time, blood loss, postoperative draining volume in intrasacrospinal muscular approach group was less than that of posterior midline approach group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS at final follow-up between two groups (P > 0.05); and the mean ODI in intrasacrospinal muscular approach group was less than that of posterior midline approach group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFor the treatment of far lateral lumbar disc herniation, intrasacrospinal muscular approach has less injury for paraspinal muscle and more satisfactory clinical outcome and is better method than posterior midline approach.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Leptin ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors

Objective:To compare the clinical outcomes of intrasacrospinal muscular approach and posterior midline ap-proach in treating far lateral lumbar disc herniation. Methods:The clinical data of 32 patients with far lateral lumbar disc her-niation underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion from January 2004 to January 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into intrasacrospinal muscular approach group (11 males and 6 females ) and posterior midline ap-proach group (10 males and 5 females). All patients were followed up from 12 to 18 months with an average of 15.3 months. Operative time,blood loss,postoperative draining volume were recorded and pre and post operative visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were compared between two groups. Results:Operative time,blood loss,postoperative draining volume in intrasacrospinal muscular approach group was less than that of posterior midline approach group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS at final follow up between two groups(P>0.05);and the mean ODI in intrasacrospinal muscular approach group was less than that of posterior midline approach group (P<0.05). Conclusion:For the treatment of far lateral lumbar disc herniation,intrasacrospinal muscular approach has less injury for paraspinal muscle and more satisfactory clinical outcome and is better method than posterior midline approach.

OBJECTIVEThe pathogenesis of electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) in children remains unknown. We undertook a retrospective study of epileptic children who presented with ESES to investigate the correlation factors of ESES.

METHODSThirty epileptic children with ESES (ESES group) and 30 age-and sex-matched epileptic children without ESES (control group) admitted to Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Tangshan between January 2000 and July 2006 were enrolled. The results of questionnaire and laboratory examinations were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSNine patients had a family history of epilepsy in the ESES group, but only 2 patients in the control group (<0.05). Language disorder was found in 11 patients in the ESES group, but only 2 patients in the control group (<0.05). Thirteen patients were confirmed with epileptic syndrome in the ESES group, but only 5 patients in the control group (<0.05). Twenty five patients in the ESES group showed mental retardation, but only 5 patients from the control group (<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSESES may be correlated with family history of epilepsy, epileptic syndrome, mental retardation and language disorder.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; physiopathology ; Language Disorders ; physiopathology ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Paternal Age ; Sleep ; physiology ; Status Epilepticus ; etiology ; genetics