Traumatic asphyxia is a result of sudden or severe compression of the thorax and/or the upper abdomen.A sudden increase of intravascular pressure transmitted to the intra-and extracerebral vessels may cause petechial hemorrhage in the brain and in the skin over the head,face,neck and shoulder regions.Severe cerebral anoxia accompanying the injury may lead to cerebral edema and the appearance of signs of increased intracranial pressure as well as ARDS following hypoxemia.Spinal puncture and EEG are helpful in early diagnosis.The essential therapeutic measures consist of improvement in ventilation,dehydration and the use of glucocorticoid hormones.By such manoeuvres,11 of 12 patients we treated recovered satisfactorily and only 1 of them succumbed.

To investigate feasibility and effect of schizophrenia treatment by stereotactic lesioning, CRW stereotactic apparatus and PICKER spiral CT were used to define nucleus location and RADONICS radiofrequency instruments were used to lesion different subnucleuses of amygdala and the front part of callosal gyrus. All schizophrenic patients were diagnosed by ICD Ⅲ standards, In cases with one year followup ,the effect were analysed with Global Improvement (GI) scoring. In this group , 21 cases were significantly improved , 8 cases improved, 3 cases slightly improved, 1 case unchanged, and 0 case deteriorated. These results suggest selective lesioning subnucleus of amygdala according to different symptoms of schizophrenia could improve the curative effect of surgical treatment for schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: Astragalus membranaceus plays an important role in the adjustment of immunological function. Whether does it have protective effect on neuron in the intervention of acute craniocerebral injury and what is the pathway in effect?OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of astragalus membranaceus on activity of nitric oxide synthetase after brain injury.DEDIGN: Randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Neurosurgery institute of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This experiment was completed in the Laboratory of Neurosurgery Institute of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. Fifty-four healthy SD rats were divided randomly into 3 groups: brain injury group( n=24), astragalus membranaceus group( n = 24) and control group( n = 6). Injury and astragalus membranaceus groups were sampled at 4different time points(0.5 hour, 2 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours) after injury,6 rats were sacrificed at each time point.METHODS: The brain injury and astragalus membranaceus groups were prepared by improved Feeney' s free falling method. Bone windows were opened for the control group, but no brain injury produced. After injury, rats in astragalus membranaceus group were immediately injected 200 mg/kg astragalus membranaceus intraperitoneally rat cerebral injury models were established and the nitric oxide synthetase concentration was tested at different time points.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Activity of nitric oxide synthetase in the brain tissue of rats in each group.RESULTS: All 54 rats entered the final analysis. Nitric oxide synthetase activity in brain injury and astragalus membranaceus groups increased sharply contrasting with control group at 30 minute after injury [ (46.44 ± 13.45),(43.15 ± 12.43), (40. 46 ± 12. 85) nkat/L, P ＜0.05], reaching the peak at 2hours[ (67.49 ± 22.45), (64. 26 ± 19.78) nkat/L, P ＜ 0.01 ], starting to drop from6 hours [(63.46±24. 68), (52.91 ±21.36) nkat/L, P ＜0. 01], and getting to basic level at 24 hours[ (41.23 ± 12. 57), (40.92 ± 12. 25) nkat/L,P ＞ 0.05 ]. In the astragalus membranaceus treated group, nitric oxide synthetase activity dropped at 2 hours and 6 hours after injury contrasting with injury group( P ＜ 0. 05, P ＜ 0. 01 respectively).CONCLUSION: Nitric oxide synthetase activity increases in the injured brain tissue and astragalus membranaceus can protect injured neuron by inhibiting nitric oxide synthetase activity.

BACKGROUND:During the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS),certain people had been isolated by various reasons and appeared a series of psychological, physical and behavioral reactions. OBJECTIVE:To understand the different defensive features in people with different level of mental health in the isolated population, and explore the relationship between defensive style and mental health. DESIGN:An in investigative study taking the isolated population during outbreak of SARS as the subjects. SETTING:A psychiatric department of a military hospital. PARTICIPANTS:Totally 187 people of different sex,age and education, who were isolated during April and May 2003 due to SARS outbreak in a city of northwest China,were selected as the subjects. INTERVENTIONS:The 187 subjects,who were isolated due to SARS outbreak,were evaluated by using the symptom checklist(SCL 90) and defense style questionnaire(DSQ). RESULTS:About 36.4% people of this population had distinct mental or physical health problems that were characterized by anxiety,horror,depression,hostility and compulsion.There was difference in defensive styles between the high symptom group and low symptom group,among which the score of DSQ factors in the immature type of high and low symptom groups were 5.72± 1.56 and 4.35± 0.96 respectively while the scores in the intermediate type defense were 4.98± 1.44 and 3.72± 0.89 respectively(P< 0.01).Mental health problem was positively correlated with the application of immature defensive style,but had negative correlation with application of mature defensive means. CONCLUSION:There is difference in the defensive styles among the isolated people with different mental health status,and their defensive strategies are closely related to the mental health.

Recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage is a very serious cerebrovascular disease.Its incidence has shown a clear upward trend, and both disability and mortality have increased significantly compared to the first intracerebral hemorrhage. This article reviews the clinical classification, characteristics, risk factors, pathogenesis, and prognosis of recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage.