Animals ; Aorta ; metabolism ; Hyperlipidemias ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Physical Endurance

Acupuncture Points ; Hand ; anatomy & histology ; Hand Bones ; anatomy & histology ; Humans

Adolescent ; Brain Injuries ; blood ; complications ; Cerebral Infarction ; blood ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; analysis ; Humans ; Male

BACKGROUNDInhibition of the key costimulatory signals results in T cell anergy, indicating the alloantigen-specific immunologic unresponsiveness. In this study, the effect of blockage of costimulatory signal CD(86) on murine abortion-prone model was studied.

METHODSThirty CBA/J female mice cohabitated with DBA/2 male or BALB/c male mice were investigated. CBA/J x DBA/2 matings were used as the abortion-prone model, and CBA/J x BALB/c matings were used as the normal pregnant model. The abortion-prone models were divided into experimental and control groups, and the normal pregnant models were set as a normal group (10 mice in each group). The mice in the experimental group were treated with anti-mouse CD(86) monoclonal antibody (mAb) (100 microg) on day 4.5 of gestation, while the controls received irrelevant-isotype matched rat IgG(2b). As for the normal group, nothing was given to the mice. The mice were killed on day 13.5 of gestation, embryo resorption rate and the expression of transforming growth factor beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were detected. Then the data were analyzed by Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test.

RESULTSThe embryo resorption rate in the experimental (8.2%) and normal groups (7.7%) was significantly lower than that of the control (23.5%, P < 0.05). No significant difference was detected between the experimental and normal groups (P > 0.05). The positive expression rates of TGF-beta(1) and PAI-1 proteins in the experimental and normal groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate of MMP-9 protein in the experimental and normal groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference in the positive expression rates of the three proteins was detected between the experimental and normal groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBlockage of costimulatory signal CD(86) at early pregnancy can treat uncertain recurrent spontaneous abortion by stimulating the expression of TGF-beta(1), MMP-9 and PAI-1 and reducing the embryo resorption rate.

Abortion, Habitual ; therapy ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; B7-2 Antigen ; immunology ; physiology ; Embryo Loss ; prevention & control ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; analysis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; analysis ; Pregnancy ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study on the efficacy, prognosis and security of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSTotally 72 HCC patients treated by HIFU from December 2009 to January 2011 were divided into two groups according to treatment methods: 40 cases in HIFU group, 32 cases in TACE + HIFU treatment group (combined group). Then set up a control group include 40 cases treated by only TACE in the same period (TACE group). The improvement of clinical symptoms, AFP, reduce rate of tumor volume, survival rate of 1 year after operation and postoperative complications in front and behind the treatment were analyzed.

RESULTSThere was no significant statistical difference on the improvement of clinical symptoms in all these three groups (P > 0.05) after treatment for HCC. There is no significant statistical difference also on reduce rate of tumor volume and decrease rate of AFP in both HIFU group (35.0%, 41.4%) and TACE group (37.5%, 41.9%) (χ² = 0.054, P = 0.816; χ² = 0.002, P = 0.965). Both reduce rate of tumor volume (62.5%) and decrease rate of AFP (72.0%) in combined group were better than HIFU group (χ² = 5.394, P = 0.020; χ² = 5.098, P = 0.024) and TACE group (37.5%, 41.9%) (χ² = 4.448, P = 0.035; χ² = 5.062, P = 0.024). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that there was no significant statistical difference on short-term survival rate in the 3 groups. But the long-term survival rate of combined group was better than TACE group and HIFU group.

CONCLUSIONTACE combined with HIFU is a effective, safe and noninvasive treatment method to HCC.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal

Objective To explore the common characters of sub-health and health risk factors among the public officials. Methods A total of 2776 public officials were tested using human energy monitor.The score differences of health risk factors and the differences of risk detection rates (moderate and above)between males and females were compared.Results The scores of 1 2 kinds of health risk factors by descending order were lack of energy(1.1 1 ±1.01 ),susceptible to fatigue (1.09 ±1.26),stuffy nose(0.95 ±1.59),chest tightness and shortness of breath (0.94 ±0.91 ),difficulty in falling asleep (0.89 ±1.59 ),lack of appetite (0.76 ±0.76 ),anxiety (0.75 ±1.1 6 ),oral inflammation (0.75 ±1.21 ), respiratory disorders (0.69 ±0.83),eye fatigue (0.61 ±0.72),backache and leg swelling (0.60 ±0.72),and stomach upset (0.48 ±0.65 ),respectively. The scores of women were significantly higher than those of men in 1 1 kinds of health risk factors(P<0.01 )except the score of anxiety (P>0.05 ).The risk detection rates (moderate and above)of women were significantly higher than that of men (P<0.01 )in the following 5 aspects:lack of energy,susceptible to fatigue, stuffy nose,mouth inflammation,and backache and leg swelling.Conclusion Chronic fatigue syndrome is the most common character of the sub-healthy public officials,and women are more prone to sub-health state.

The terrible triad of elbow is a kind of complex elbow fracture dislocation, after reduction, it should get a concentric circles joint reduction and elbow stability, if radial and coronoid process fractures is less piece, the conservative treatment can be performed, but regularly follow up is mandatory. If surgical treatment was chosen, radial head fractures and the lateral collateral ligament complex must be repaired. Single lateral approach can be used and also can be combined with anteromedial approach in surgery. Some problems are still controversial in the treatment of coronoid process fracture with Morry type I and type II, such as fixation or not, whether additional external fixation and repair of the medial collateral ligament injury at the same time.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the recent emerged endemic region of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) regarding its natural reserves, in Charles Hilary, northern Xinjiang and to isolate and characterize the viral geographic strain.

METHODSUsing indirect fluorescent assay to detect tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) specific IgG antibodies from serum of local residents including 2 unconfirmed viral encephalitis patients in 2011 spring-summer. Viruses were isolated from tick samples by inoculating BALB/c mice and BHK-21 cells. For phylogenetic analysis. TBEV NS1 gene fragments were detected by RT-PCR and then subjected to sequence alignment.

RESULTS1760 ticks were captured from the fields to have found that Ixodes persulcatus were dominated among the tick population. Two viral encephalitis patients were diagnosed as TBEV infection. In addition, 35.4% (23/65) local residents were detected positive for presence of TBEV specific-IgG antibodies in serum. After inoculation, morbidity and mortality of BALB/c mice were 72.9% (70/96) and 55.7% (44/79), respectively. TBEV specific-fragments were amplified from brain tissue of dead mice and cells culture supernatant. NS1 sequence alignment showed that the viral isolates were clustered into TBEV far-eastern sub-type, phylogenetically, and were mostly close to the isolates from northeastern China (99%) and Russian strain (98%).

CONCLUSIONIn this study, a new endemic loci of TBE was firstly described in Charles Hilary natural reserve, northern Xinjiang. TBEV geographic isolates belonged to TBEV far-eastern subtype while Ixodes persulcatus and Dermacentor silvarum played crucial roles for disease transition.

Adult ; Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Encephalitis, Tick-Borne ; epidemiology ; transmission ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; RNA, Viral ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To explore medico-legal characteristics of sudden death caused by coronary heart disease combined with coronary thrombosis. METHODS: Ninety-six cases of sudden death caused by coronary heart disease were collected and divided into two groups: thrombus positive and thrombus negative groups. The time onset, induction and pathological features of coronary artery disease were analyzed. RESULTS: Two groups showed man-dominant population. There were no statistical significant differences in season, circadian rhythm and induction factor. The thrombus positive group (age < 40) showed a higher disease incidence. Heart weight and degree of coronary stenosis were lower in thrombus positive group. However, there was no statistical difference in the number of atherosclerotic coronary arteries (> or = 2), the length of coronary lesions and myocardial infarct. But thrombosis positive group showed lower tendency. CONCLUSION Two groups are man-dominant population and similar induction factor, lesion position, mechanism of death. But thrombus positive group appeared more in a younger population and the degree of coronary stenosis is milder than thrombus negative group. Forensic pathologists should pay more attention to these characteristics in death investigation.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Autopsy ; Cause of Death ; Coronary Artery Disease/pathology* ; Coronary Thrombosis/pathology* ; Coronary Vessels/pathology* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/pathology* ; Female ; Forensic Pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/pathology* ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the differences in morphology, immunohistochemistry, DNA ploidy status, LOH and MSI of 11q13 and 1p between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas, and to find the marker or markers useful in distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytoma or for predicting the malignant potential of this tumor.

METHODSTwenty-two cases of clinically documented benign and malignant pheochromocytomas from the files of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed. Aside from histological study, Ki-67, p53, CgA, S-100, PCNA and survivin immunohistochemistry studies were performed. DNA ploidy status was assessed by flow cytometry on cell suspensions prepared from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. Twelve tumors (7 benign and 5 malignant) with paired normal tissues were microdissected. Tumor and normal tissue DNA were extracted. The obtained DNAs and 8 microsatellite markers related to 11q13 and 1q were subjected to PCR amplification for analysis of LOH and MSI.

RESULTSNone of the tumors showed atypical mitosis, only 1 malignant tumor had a mitotic count > 1/10 HPF (2.3/10 HPF). Two malignant tumors exhibited confluent necrosis. Ki-67 index was low in benign tumors (average 0.73%), and high in malignant tumors (average 2.4%). The difference of Ki-67 index between benign and malignant tumors was statistically significant. DNA ploidy status did not correlate with malignancy. Although LOH and/or MSI of 11q13 and 1p were observed in several tumors, a statistically significant difference could not be reached due to the small number of tumors analyzed.

CONCLUSIONOnly Ki-67 index (> 3%) is an useful marker for distinguishing benign from malignant or for predicting the malignant potential of pheochromocytoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pheochromocytoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology