Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is an emerging cancer immunotherapy strategy in recent years. CAR-T therapy has shown significant efficacy in the treatment of relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma and refractory pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, restricted by the complexity of solid tumor microenvironment, the application of CAR-T therapy in solid tumors is still underway. Molecular imaging can trace the in vivo status of T cells in real time and in depth, which is of great significance to investigate the biological behavior of CAR-T cells in vivo and to evaluate their activation status. Meanwhile, molecular imaging strategy can also act as an early predictor of CAR-T treatment efficacy and related side effects, which can provide effective information for clinical intervention and play an important role in guiding the development of CAR-T therapy.

Objective To analyze crossed cerebellar diaschisis(CCD) after subacute phase of spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage(SPSCH)and it's relevant factors with whole-brain CT perfusion(CTP) imaging. Methods Eighty-six patients diagnosed with unilateral SPSCH by CT were prospectively enrolled in our study from July 2015 to October 2016. Whole-brain CTP was performed in each patient.Cerebral blood flow(CBF), cerebral blood volume(CBV), mean transit time(MTT)and time-to-peak(TTP) inipsilateral and contralateral cerebellum were manually measured.The asymmetric indexs(AIs) were also calculated. Moreover, the volume of hematoma, the maximumarea of peri-hematomahypoperfusionin CBF and clinical factors(age, gender, time intervals from symptom onset)were analyzed,and NIHSS scores were used to evaluate the neurological status before patient admission, inspection, and discharge.CCD was rated positive when a unilateral supratentorial hematomawas appeared and an accompanying perfusion decrease was showed in the contralateral cerebellum on at least two sequential slices of CTP maps.All the individuals were divided into two groups including CCD-positive groupand CCD-negative group. The perfusion parameters (CBF, CBV, MTT, and TTP)between the contralateral and ipsilateral cerebellum were analyzed by the two-tailed paired t-test in CCD-positive group. The differences in the perfusion and clinical variables between the two groups were analyzed by the independent sample t-test and the Chi-squared test. Therelationships between the AI values and clinical or radiologic variables were assessed with Pearson correlation test. Results We found 35 CCD positive cases and 51 negative cases in the 86 patients.In CCD-positive groups, the perfusion values of cerebellumipsilateral and contralateral to the hematomawere as follows:CBF were (40.88±11.23) vs. (33.91±9.96) ml·100 g-1·min-1, CBV were (3.30±1.18) vs. (2.75±1.13) ml/100 g and TTP were (22.09±3.98) vs. (22.88±4.15) s, respectively, and there was statistical significance (t=10.231,8.223,-2.883,P<0.05).In CCD positive group, CBF, CBV, TTP, and MTT of the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere was changed in 35, 32, 26, and 16 cases,respectively.The AI value of CBF(AICBF)in CCD-positive group was (17.10±9.10)%, which was higher than that in the negative group (-0.95±17.01)%, there was statistical significance(t=6.367,P<0.05).The AI value of CBV(AICBV)was (17.43 ± 11.65)% in CCD-positive group, also significantly higher than that in negative group which was (1.55±21.06)%(t=4.477, P<0.05). No statistical difference(P>0.05)was found in hematoma location,hematoma volume, supratentorialhypoperfusion area and NIHSS scores(at admission, inspection)between CCD-positive and negative groups.The AICBF and AITTP showed linear correlation with time intervals in CCD-positive patients(P<0.05). Conclusions CCD is a common phenomenon in patients with SPSCH.Of all the perfusion parameters,CBF abnormalities are more common.The severity of CCD has a certain correlation with time intervals.There is no significant correlation between CCD and the clinical or radiological data(age, NIHSS scores,hematoma volume, and supratentorial hypoperfusion area).

Objective To evaluate the value of 68 Ga-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-1-Nal3-octreotide ( DOTANOC) PET/CT imaging in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms ( pNENs) . Methods Data of 48 patients ( 18 males, 30 females, age: 23-86 (50.0±14.7) years) who underwent 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging from June 2016 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The histopathological results were considered as the gold standard. The diagnostic efficacies of 68 Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging and conventional imaging ( CI) for pNENs were analyzed and compared ( McNemar test) . Imaging characteristics of true positive lesions in 68 Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT ima-ging were analyzed. The maximum standardized uptake value ( SUVmax ) in different pathological grades of pNENs lesions were compared (Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test). Accuracy for TNM staging by 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging and the correlations between the staging results and clinical TNM stages were analyzed (R× C contingency table). Results (1) The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging were 93.8％(30/32), 14/16, 93.8％(30/32), 14/16 and 91.7％(44/48). All true positive lesions detected by PET/CT showed focal up-take of 68 Ga-DOTANOC with SUVmax of 30. 52 ± 23. 57. There were 26 patients with confirmed pathological grades of G1 (n=10;SUVmax:28.20 (17.60, 49.22)), G2 (n=13; SUVmax: 27.60 (13.05, 56.08)) and G3 (n=3;SUVmax:13.68(10.02, 27.80)), with no significant difference in SUVmax among 3 groups (H=0.495, P>0.05). (2)Of the 48 patients, 95.8％(46/48) also underwent CI concurrent with PET/CT. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of CI were 60.0％(18/30), 9/16, 72.0％(18/25), 9/21 and 58.7％(27/46). The diagnostic efficacy of 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging was significantly higher than that of CI ( P=0.041) . ( 3) The accuracies of 68 Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging for T, N, M staging were 93.3％(28/30), 6/6, 9/10, respectively, and the staging results were significantly correlated with clinical TNM stages (r=0.880, P<0.05). Conclusion 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging has great values in the diagnosis and staging of pNENs.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-targeted PET/CT imaging in breast cancer using 68Ga-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid-TN14003 (NOTA-NFB) and the correlation between 68Ga-NOTA-NFB uptake and pathology.Methods From June 2014 to December 2014,11 female patients (age range:38-68 years) with non-specific invasive breast cancer were recruited in this study.All patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery.68GaNOTA-NFB and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging were performed before the chemotherapy.Three patients also underwent 68Ga-NOTA-NFB PET/CT imaging after the fourth cycle of chemotherapy.The region of interest (ROI) method was used to measure the maximum standardized value (SUVmax) and tumor/non-tumor (T/NT) ratio was calculated.Paired t test and Spearman correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results The SUVmax values of primary lesions were 3.78±2.03 and 8.11±5.14 (t=-3.01,P＜0.05) respectively in 68Ga-NOTA-NFB imaging and 18F-FDG imaging.The T/NT ratios for primary lesions were not significantly different between the two imaging methods (9.36±7.81 vs 15.62±14.51;t=-1.63,P＞0.05).In the metastatic lymph nodes,SUVmax values were not significantly different between 68Ga-NOTA-NFB imaging and 18F-FDG imaging (t=-2.02,P＞0.05),but T/NT ratios were significantly different (t=-2.43,P＜0.05).After neoadjuvant chemotherapy,T/NT ratios were decreased in the 3 patients.Correlation was not found between T/NT in 68Ga-NOTA-NFB imaging and Ki-67,but the P value was close to 0.05 (rs =0.600,P=0.051).Conclusion 68Ga-NOTA-NFB PET/CT can be used as a new CXCR4-targered imaging in diagnosis of breast cancer,and it may be beneficial to evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.