Objective: To establish a method for the determination of curcumine and berberine hydrochloride in Shangke Dieda paste. Methods:An HPLC method was adopted to determine the content of curcumine and berberine hydrochloride in Shangke Dieda paste. For curcumine, the column was InertSutain C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm); the mobile phase was acetonitrile and 4% acetic acid solution (44 ∶56);the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1;the column temperature was 25℃;the detection wavelength was 430 nm;the sample size was 10μl. For berberine hydrochloride, the column was InertSutain C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm);the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid (44 ∶56, 0. 2 g dodecyl sodium sulfate was added to 100 ml solution); the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1;the column temperature was 25℃ ;the detection wavelength was 345 nm;the sample size was 10 μl. Results:A good linear correlation was obtained within the range of 0.01-0.50 μg (r =0.999 3) for curcumin and 0.02-0.16 μg(r =0. 999 9) for berberine hydrochloride. The average recovery was 101. 03% with RSD of 1. 75% for curcumin and 99. 20% with RSD of 0. 64% for berberine hydrochloride (n=9). Conclusion:The established method is simple, accurate, sensitive and specific, which can be used for the quality control of Shangke Dieda paste.

The objective of this study is to generate broad spectrum monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) against a group of pyrethroid insecticides and to identify its immunological characteristics. The generic hapten 3-phenoxy-benzoic acid ( PBA) was conjugated to carrier protein BSA by activated ester method. Balb/c mice were immunized with PBA-BSA. The titer of polyclonal antibody ( pAb ) was detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) after five times immunization. The mouse with high titer and sensitivity was selected for cell fusing. The splenocytes of immunized mice were fused with Sp2/0 cells and the cultural supernatants of hybridoma cells were screened by indirect non-competitive ELISA based on the coating antigen PBA-ovoalbumin ( PBA-OVA ) . High-sensitivity and high-specificity mAb was prepared after subcloning using limiting dilution method. Purified mAb was obtained after purified by saturated ammonia sulfate precipitation and protein G affinity column. The immunological characteristics of mAb such as titer, antibody subtypes, affinity constant and the sensitivity to pyrethroid insecticides were characterized by indirect ELISA; The results of UV spectroscopy and SDS-PAGE showed that PBA-BSA artificial antigen was synthesized successfully. A hybridoma cell line (4H11) secreting anti-pyrethroid mAb was established. The titre of ascites was up to 1:6. 5×106, and the mAb was IgG1 subtype. The affinity constant of the mAb to PBA was about 2. 5×107 L/mol, with a IC50 value of 208. 83 μg/L and a detection limit of 21. 23 μg/L to PBA. Simultaneously, beta-cypermethrin, flucythrinate, cypermethrin and fenvalerate were sensitively recognized by the mAb with the IC50 of 1. 01, 2. 15, 3. 16 and 3. 67μg/L, respectively.

Objective To observe the perioperative management of cardiac surgery and extracorporeal circulation method in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency(G6PD).Methods Ten patients with G6PD deficiency underwent uneventful cardiac surgery procedures between January 2005 and December 2010.Twenty patients who had non-G6PD deficiency were as a control group,the selected conditions were the same gender,age,body mass,the risk of heart disease surgery.The preoperative management in patients with G6PD deficiency mainly focused on avoiding the drugs implicated in haemolysis,reducing the surgical stress,using moderate hypothermia extracorporeal circulation and enhancing blood conservation.Observed indicators included the assisted ventilation time,urine volume,the drainage volume of chest tube,the amount transfusion of red blood cells and plasma,the level of hemoglobin and serum total bilirubin in the 2nd day after surgery,ICU stay.Results Compared with the control group,patients with G6PD deficiency had no significant difference in duration of ventilation after the operation,drainage,urine,Hgb,bilirubin levels,and blood transfusion[(9.3 ± 4.5)h vs (8.6 ± 5.7)h,(2100 ±670)ml vs (1950 ± 490) ml,(253 ± 146)ml vs (260 ± 120)ml,(1.3 ± 1.0)U vs (1.8 ± 1.2)U,(96 ± 25)g/L vs (99 ± 12)g/L,and (24 ± 8)μmol/L vs (27 ± 1 l)μmol/L,t =0.978,2.032,1.257,0.891,2.182,2.271,and 1.329,all P ＞ 0.05].The duration of ICU discharge was significantly longer in the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient group[ (2.6 ± 0.6)d vs (1.8 ± 1.5)d,t =2.704,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Cardiac surgery can be performed safely in patients with G6PD deficiency with enhanced perioperative management.

al from abroad, which have no reports in China. METHODS: The dissection of flexor policis longus tendon and flexor policis brevis muscle and the medial and extensor halucis longus, flexor policis longus, adductor muscle and abductor halucis muscle cross head and oblique head, medial and lateral head of flexor policis brevis muscle and flexor halucis longus tendon and the extensor halucis longus tendon. These parameters included length, width, thickness, cross-sectional area, lateral heads, extensor halucis longus muscle and tendon and the transverse head of adductor policis muscle and the oblique head, abductor policis brevis from the left leg and foot of fresh female specimens was performed. The cross-sectional area and length located in a fixture were measured and calculated for each sample. Sample loading was done, and one sample was measured four times to gather strength limit, maximum load data, and the load displacement curve. According to Hooke’s law, the elastic modulus of each specimen was calculated. al from abroad, which have no reports in China. METHODS: The dissection of flexor policis longus tendon and flexor policis brevis muscle and the medial and extensor halucis longus, flexor policis longus, adductor muscle and abductor halucis muscle cross head and oblique head, medial and lateral head of flexor policis brevis muscle and flexor halucis longus tendon and the extensor halucis longus tendon. These parameters included length, width, thickness, cross-sectional area, lateral heads, extensor halucis longus muscle and tendon and the transverse head of adductor policis muscle and the oblique head, abductor policis brevis from the left leg and foot of fresh female specimens was performed. The cross-sectional area and length located in a fixture were measured and calculated for each sample. Sample loading was done, and one sample was measured four times to gather strength limit, maximum load data, and the load displacement curve. According to Hooke’s law, the elastic modulus of each specimen was calculated. Abstract BACKGROUND:Currently, the material parameters of foot three-dimensional finite element models are almost OBJECTIVE:To preliminarily measure the parameters of foot muscle and tendon materials in Chinese people. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Relevant measurement data were harvested from nine samples, including the maximum loading, ultimate strength and elastic modulus test.

·AIM:To compare the outer nuclear layer ( ONL) , inner and outer segments (IS/OS), photoreceptor cell layer in healthy people and diabetic retinopathy by frequency-domain optical coherence tomography ( OCT) .·METHODS: Totally 100 eyes of 50 healthy people were selected as control group. According to conventional mydriasis for examination of fundus and fundus fluorescein angiography ( FFA ) examination, all diabetic cases were divided into 3 groups: normal retina group ( NDR ) , non - proliferative diabetic retinopathy group (NPDR), proliferative diabetic retinopathy group (PDR). Using OCT measure the thickness of ONL, IS/OS and photoreceptor cell layer of fovea and parafovea ( nasal side and temporal side) in the four groups.·RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the ONL and photoreceptor cell layer's thickness of macular fovea and temporal parafovea in NPDR group and PDR group were statistically significant(all P<0. 05). The differences between ONL and photoreceptor cell layer's thickness of macular fovea and temporal parafovea in NDR group and PDR group were not statistically significant(P>0. 05). The IS/OS of macular fovea and temporal parafovea was not significantly different among those groups (P>0. 05). The thickness of different layers of nasal parafovea were not different (P>0. 05).·CONCLUSION: The thickness of macular fovea and temporal parafovea has relation with degree of DR; the change of photoreceptor cell layer's thickness occurs mainly in ONL, but IS/OS no change; the change in temporal parafovea more obvious than in nasal parafovea. Frequency-domain OCT can quantitatively and qualitatively observe the subtle diabetic macular changes in diabetic patients with macular disease, and provides a reliable detection for the early diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the blood lead level in children aged 0-6 years in urban areas of China.

METHODSFourteen cities were selected as sites under surveillance. A total of 44 045 peripheral blood specimens were collected from 2004 to 2006, during which 15 727, 14 737, and 13 584 specimens were tested in 2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively. Tungsten atomizer absorption spectrophotometer was employed to determine blood lead level.

RESULTSThe geometric mean blood lead level in the tested children was 47.10 microg/L with 10.10% > or = 100 microg/L, 46.17 microg/L with 7.78% > or = 100 microg/L, and 47.03 microg/L with 7.30% > or = 100 microg/L in 2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively. The blood lead levels seemed to tend to rise in parallel with the increase of age of the children and were higher in boys (48.84 microg/L, 47.56 microg/L, and 47.78 microg/L in the 3 respective years) than in girls (45.00 microg/L, 44.53 microg/L, and 46.13 microg/L).

CONCLUSIONThe blood lead levels in children in cities of China are lower than those in previous national studies, but higher than those in developed countries. Childhood lead poisoning remains a public health problem in China.

Age Distribution ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Cities ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lead ; blood ; Lead Poisoning ; blood ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Male ; Population Surveillance ; Sex Characteristics

Objective To investigate the predictors of long-term remission of type 2 diabetes induced by short-term intensive insulin treatment.Methods Fifty-four cases of diabetes mellitus with the duration of illness less than 5 years received an intensive insulin treatment for 2 weeks.The standard meal test and intravenous glucose tolerance test were performed at the baseline and 24 h after treatment completion respectively.Long-term remission meant that the diabetic patients should maintain the target glyeaemic control without any hypoglyeaemie agent within one year.Results The remission rate was 57.4% (31/54) overall,and even reached to 80.6% (29/36) in patients with the duration of illness less than 6 months,whereas,the remission rate was only 11.1% (2/18) in those with the duration of illness more than 12 months.In another view,the remission rate was significantly higher in the patients with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of less than 7 mmol/L (78.8%,26/ 33) 24 h after intensive treatment than those with FPG level of more than 7 mmol/L (23.8%,5/21,P

Objective To develop a new algorithm to reconstruct the distribution of acoustic sources of magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction(MAT-MI)in the acoustic inhomogeneous media,which is developed on the basis of generalized finite element method (GFEM) and modified time inversion algorithm. Methods The acoustic and acoustic coupling theory and the basic equations of acoustics were used to study the forward and inverse problems of the acoustic inhomogeneous concentric sphere magneticacoustic coupling model. The solution of acoustic non-uniform media wave equation based on GFEM was proposed.The method solved the problem of acoustically inhomogeneous media sound source reconstruction and conductivity reconstruction.At the same time,the distribution of velocity was reconstructed by rotating the pairs of transducers and the time reversal algorithm. Results The proposed algorithm could accurately reconstruct the acoustic source distribution in acoustic inhomogeneous media,and could obtain the distribution of sound velocity during the reconstruction of sound source and recover the image well. Conclusion The proposed algorithm had its feasibility and effectiveness verified,and gains advantages in MAT-MI reconstruction of acoustic inhomogeneous media.

Galangal (Alpinia officinaruim Hance) is the rhizome of the perennial herb belonging to Zingiberaceae family. There are many active components in galangal, such as volatile oil, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids and glycosides, among which the content of volatile oil is higher. The bioactivities of galangal volatile oil on health effect includesanti-inflammatory, anti-hypertension, anti-oxidation and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a kind of diseases related to circulatory system, which is also called circulatory system diseases. Over the past decade, the number of people dying from CVD has increased by 12.5％ worldwide, and it is now the leading cause of human death worldwide. Studies have shown that galangal volatile oil has good pharmacological effects in treating CVD. ① Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism: studies have found that abnormal lipid metabolism can lead to obesity, diabetes, CVD and other diseases. The serum total triglyceride (TG) content in liver and serum will increase in patients with abnormal fat metabolism. The results showed that the volatile oil of galangal could increase the excretion of neutral cholesterol, significantly reduce liver TG and serum TG, and thus regulate glucose and lipid metabo?lism, prevent lipid deposition and prevent CVD. ② Improving insulin resistance (IR): inhibition of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6 activation and expression of TNF-α, improves IR, thereby protecting myocardium from IR-mediated damage. Through the establishment of endothelial cell injury model induced by high glucose in vitro, it was found that the volatile oil of galangal can significantly reduce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-αand IL-8, and inhib?it the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 induced by high glucose, suggesting that it has protective effect on endothelial dysfunction and inflammation induced by high glucose.③Regulate blood oxygenation:during acute myocardial hypoxia, the activity of free radical scavenging system is decreased, and oxygen free radicals are produced in large quantity, which reacts with unsaturated fatty acids on the cell membrane and forms lipid peroxidation, resulting in myocardial structural damage. The results showed that the water extract of Galangal could reduce the content of MDA in blood and protect the SOD activity of ischemic and hypoxic myocardium.④ Protective effect of vascular endothelial cells (ES):ES injury is the pathological basis of some cardiovascular diseases. The results showed that the volatile oil of galangal had a protective effect on ES apoptosis. Compared with the morphology and activity of ES treated with oxidized LDL, galan?gal volatile oil could ameliorate these morphological changes and improve cell viability. ⑤ Antiplatelet agglutination:inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane release, improve blood circulation, and have obvious anti-thrombotic effect, which has a good effect on the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The results showed that the volatile oil of galangal had inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and anticoagulant effect. In conclusion, the volatile oil of galangal can be used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. Based on the mechanism of CVD, this study summa?rized the role of the essential oil of Alpinia officinaruim in CVD, providing basis for the clinical application of alpiniaoffici?nalis essential oil in the prevention and treatment of CVD and the development of new drugs.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and possible mechanisms of remote intracranial hematoma (RIH) in patients with intracranial aneurysm after interventional embolization.Methods:Six patients with RIH from a series of 58 consecutive patients with intracranial aneurysm, admitted to and performed interventional embolization in our hospital from January 2016 and December 2018, were chosen in our study. Their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively and compared with those without RIH at the same period.Results:In these 6 patients, 4 had history of hypertension, 5 had aneurysm located in the internal carotid artery, 5 were treated with stents combined with postoperative routine anticoagulation treatment. The remote intracranial hematoma occurred within 7 d of interventional embolization, and the hematoma was located in the cerebral hemisphere on the same side of the aneurysm; 4 patients underwent intracranial hematoma puncture catheter drainage; 1 patient was treated conservatively, and one was treated by craniotomy. After treatment, 1 patient recovered (modified Rankin scale [mRS] score of 1), 1 patient had poor prognosis (mRS scores of 5) and discharged automatically, and the rest 4 patients (mRS scores of 3-5) left some degrees of neurological dysfunction. As compared with 52 patients without RIH, 6 patients with RIH had significantly higher percentages of patients used stents and postoperatively used anticoagulation, and higher percentages of patients with poor clinical outcomes at discharge ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Stent-assisted coil embolization in patients with internal carotid artery aneurysm combined with hypertension should be highly vigilant about the possibility of RIH.