BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cels isolated from cord blood and bone marrow have multi-directional differentiation ability under a certain condition of induction. OBJECTIVE:To compare the difference of differentiation of umbilical cord blood and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels into osteoblasts. METHODS:Human umbilical cord blood and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were isolated and cultured by density gradient method. When reached 90% confluency, mesenchymal stem cels were digested by trypsin for subculture. At the third passage, umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cels and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels at 8×104/wel were incubated. When reached 80% confluency, cels were treated with low-glucose DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 0.1 μmol/L dexamethasone, 50 μmol/L vitamin C and 10 mmol/L β-sodium glycerophosphate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no significant difference in morphology and biological properties of the two kinds of mesenchymal stem cels. Cels were highly expressed CD44, CD29, but did not express CD34. They had the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, which had a positive staining for known markers: alkaline phospatase and calciumin vitro mineralization. There was no significant difference in the activity of osteoblasts of two kinds of cels. Results verify that umbilical cord blood and adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels can be induced into osteoblasts with a similar ability, and they can be used as seed cels for bone tissue engineering.

Ten glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates and one benzyl alcohol glycoside were isolated from the dry tuber of Pleione bulbocodioides, which is a specie of Orchidaceae family and its dry tuber is one of the main sources of traditional Chinese medicine "shanci-gu", by a combination of various column chromatographic methods, including ODS, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sepheadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of chemical evidences and spectroscopic analysis asloroglossin (1), grammatophylloside A (2), cronupapine (3), (-)-(2R, 3S)-1-(4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-4-methyl-2-isobutyltartrate (4), vandateroside II (5), grammatophylloside B (6), bis [4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy) -benzyl] (S) -2-isopropylmalate (7), gymnoside I (8), militarine (9), dactylorhin A (10), gastrodin (11). Compounds 1-7 were isolated from this genus for the firt time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Malates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To explore the value of magnetic resonance perfusion imaging of 3D arterial spin labeling(3D-ASL)in the diagnosis of transient ischemic attack(TIA).Methods 78 of patients were diagnosed TIA on MR routine scan [T1 WI,T2 WI,T2-FLAIR,diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)],magnetic resonance angiography(MRA)and 3D arterial spin labeling(3D-ASL).The re-sult were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results In 78 patients,the abnormal routine scan was 0 case(0%);abnormal MRA 41 cases (52.6%);abnormal 3D-ASL 47 cases(60.2%);combination with each other were 60 cases(76.9%).29 cases with artery stenosis and abnormal ASL,12 case with artery stenosis and normal ASL,19 cases with normal vascular and abnormal ASL,18 cases with normal vascular and normal ASL.Conclusion 3D-ASL is better than routine magnetic resonance sequences in the diagnosis of TIA,which is convenient and should be a routine scanning sequence of TIA.3D-ASL,MRA and DWI have their own advantages and disadvantages, combination use can improve the diagnosis accuracy of TIA.

Objective To compare the effects of median nerve electrical stimulation on coma patients after traumatic brain injury with different settings. Methods From 2013 to 2015, 161 patients with traumatic brain injury were randomly divided into control group (n=40), experimental group 1 (n=41), experimental group 2 (n=39) and experimental group 3 (n=41). The control group received routine conscious-ness-promoted methods, and the experimental groups received median nerve electrical stimulation with 200μs and 30 Hz, 100 Hz and 50 Hz in sequence, 60 minutes a day for 90 days. They were assessed with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) before, 30 days and 90 days after treatment. Results There was significant difference in the scores of CCS and CRS-R, times of treatment, number of sobered patients and coma time among groups (P<0.01), that the experimental groups were better than the control group (P<0.05), and no significant difference was found between the experimental groups 1 and 2 (P>0.05). The experimental group 3 was better than the experimental groups 1 and 2 (P<0.05). Conclusion Median nerve electrical stimulation with 200μs, 50 Hz could promote co-ma patients to wake up optimally.

Objective To investigate the organophosphorus pesticides residues in vegetables in Ji'nan,China.Methods From 2005 to 2007,the residues of ten kinds of organaphosphorous pesticides,including methamidophos,parathion-ethyl, parathionm-ethyl,dichlorvos,phorate,monocrotophos,omethoate,dimethoate,chlorpyrifos,malathion were determined in 8 kinds of vegetables by capillary gas chromatography.Results In the 597 vegetables samples,the total detection rate of organaphosphorous pesticides was 32.66%,in 25.63% of the samples,the contents of organaphosphorous pesticides residues exceeded the national standard limits.In leek,the detection rate was 65.56% and the exceeded limit rate was 52.22%.In addition, more than one kind of pesticide could be detected in one kind of vegetable.The concentration of methamidophos,the most serious pollutant,could reach 114.013 mg/kg.Omethoate could also be detected at 11.807 mg/kg.In this investigation,a downtrend was seen in the rate of exceeding standard limits and the difference in seasons in the detection rate of pesticides residues was also seen. Conclusion The detection rate of high toxic organaphosphorous pesticides in vegetables sampled in this study is higher,it indicates that the situation of pesticides abuse is serious in this area.

0.05). Conclusion: This method is simple, accurate, feasible for determination of reduced and total VC of beverage.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Mudan Granule (MD) on the glucose metabolism and beta cell function in monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced obese mice with insulin resistance (IR).

METHODSMSG obese mice were induced by subcutaneous injecting MSG (4 g/kg for 7 successive days in neonatal ICR mice). Forty MSG mice with IR features were recruited and divided into four groups according to body weight, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and the percentage of blood glucose decreased within 40 min in the IR test, i.e., the model group (Con), the low dose MD group, the high dose MD group, and the Metformin group (Met). Besides, another 10 ICR mice were recruited as the normal control group (Nor). The water solvent of 2.5 g/kg MD or 5 g/kg MD was respectively administered to mice in the low dose MD group and the high dose MD group. Metformin hydrochloride was given to mice in the Met group at 0.2 g/kg body weight. Equal dose solvent distilled water was administered to mice in the Nor group and the Con group by gastrogavage, once per day. All medication was lasted for 15 weeks. Insulin tolerance test (ITT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed after 6 weeks of treatment. Beta cell function was assessed by hyperglycemic clamp technique. The morphological changes in the pancreas were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Changes of iNOS, NF-kappaB p65, and p-NF-kappaB p65 in the pancreas were tested.

RESULTSCompared with the Nor group, the blood glucose level, AUC, and fasting blood insulin, ONOO-contents, iNOS activities, and the expression of iNOS, NF-kappaB p65 subunit, pNF-kappaB p65 subunit obviously increased; decreased percentage of blood glucose within 40 min in ITT, glucose infusion rate (GIR), Clamp 1 min insulin, and Max-Insulin obviously decreased in the Con group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the Con group, the aforesaid indices could be improved in the Met group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In the low dose MD group, AUC, iNOS activities, and the expression of iNOS and p-NF-kappaB p65 subunit obviously decreased; percentage of blood glucose within 40 min in ITT and GIR obviously increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In the high dose MD group, AUC, ONOO-contents, iNOS activities, and the expression of iNOS, NF-kappaB p65 subunit, and p-NF-KB p65 subunit obviously decreased; percentage of blood glucose within 40 min in ITT, Max-Insulin, and GIR obviously increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMD could significantly improve IR and functional disorder of 3 cells in MSG obese mice, which might be associated with lowering inflammatory reaction in the pancreas.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Metformin ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mice, Obese ; Obesity ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Pancreas ; cytology ; drug effects ; Sodium Glutamate

This study is to evaluate the effects of the metformin (Met) on β cell function of diabetic KKAy mice. Female diabetic KKAy mice selected by insulin tolerance test (ITT) were divided randomly into two groups. Con group was orally administered by gavage with water, Met group with metformin hydrochloride at a dose of 0.2 g x kg(-1) for about 12 weeks. ITT and glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were determined. Beta cell function was assessed by hyperglycemic clamp. Pancreatic biochemical indicators were tested. The changes of gene and protein expression in the pancreas and islets were also analyzed by Real-Time-PCR and immunostaining. Met significantly improved glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in KKAy mice. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin levels were also decreased. In addition, Met markedly increased glucose infusion rate (GIR) and elevated the Ist phase and maximum insulin secretion during clamp. It showed that Met decreased TG content and iNOS activities and increased Ca(2+) -Mg(2+)-ATPase activity in pancreas. Islets periphery was improved, and down-regulation of glucagon and up-regulated insulin protein expressions were found after Met treatment. Pancreatic mRNA expressions of inflammation factors including TLR4, NF-κB, JNK, IL-6 and TNF-α were down-regulated, p-NF-κB p65 protein levels also down-regulated by Met. And mRNA expressions of ion homeostasis involved in insulin secretion including SERCA2 and Kir6.2 were up-regulated by Met. Met increased SIRT5 expression level in pancreas of KKAy mice under the hyperglycemic clamp. These results indicated that chronic administration of Met regulated pancreatic inflammation generation, ion and hormone homeostasis and improved β cell function of diabetic KKAy mice.
Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Homeostasis ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Insulin ; secretion ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; drug effects ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Metformin ; pharmacology ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Pancreas ; drug effects ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Fourteen compoumds were isolated from the ethyl acetate portion of the 95% ethanolic extract of Pleione bulbocodioides by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including silica gel, ODS, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC, of which ten compoumds were phenanthrenes and dihydrophenanthrenes, two compoumds were bibenzyls, one was lignan and a sterol. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic data as monbarbatain A(1), 2, 7, 2'-trihy-droxy-4, 4', 7'-trimethoxy-1, 1'- biphenanthrene(2), blestriarene A(3), pleionesin B(4), shanciol H(5), 17-hydroxy-7'-(4'-hy-droxy-3 '-methoxyphenyl)- 4-methoxy-9, 10, 7', 8'-tetrahydrophenanthro[2, 3-b]furan-8'-yl methyl acetate(6), 1-p-hydroxybenzyl-4-methoxy phenanthrene-2, 7-diol(7), 1-p-hydroxybenzyl-4-met-hoxy-9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene-2, 7-diol(8), hircinol(9), coelonin( 10), gigantol(11), batatasin 11 (12), syringaresinol(13) and ergosta4, 6, 8 ( 14) , 22-tetraen-3-one (14). Compounds 1-3, 9, 13 and 14 were isolated from this genus for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis

In this study,the coding region of type O FMDV capsid protein VP1 and a series of codon optimized DNA sequences coding for VP1 amino acid residues 141-160(epitopel),tandem repeat 200-213(epitope2(+2))and the combination of two epitopes(epitope1-2)was genetically cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pPROExHTb and pGEX4T-1,respectively.VP1 and the fused epitopes GST-E1,GST-E2(+2)and GST-E1-2 were successfully solubly expressed in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli and Western blot analysis demonstrated they retained antigenicity.Indirect VP1-ELISA and epitope ELISAs were subsequently developed to screen a panel of 80 field pig sera using LPB-ELISA as a standard test.For VP1-ELISA and all the epitope ELISAs,there were clear distinctions between the FMDV-positive and the FMDV-negative samples.Cross-reactions with pig sera positive to the viruses of swine vesicular disease virus that produce clinically indistinguishable syndromes in pigs or guinea pig antisera to FMDV strains of type A,C and Asial did not occur.The relative sensitivity and specificity for the GST-E1 ELISA,GST-E2(+2),GST-E1-2 ELISA and VP1-ELISA in comparison with LPB-ELISA were 93.3% and 85.0%,95.0% and 90%,100% and 81.8%,96.6% and 80.9% respectively.This study shows the potential use of the aforementioned epitopes as alternatives to the complex antigens used in current detection for antibody to FMDV structural proteins.