ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the metastasis capability of Ewing's sarcoma ceils. MethodsMTT assays were performed to choose appropriate concentrations of As2O3 (＜ 2 μmol/L) for the experiments.Migration and invasion assays were performed to assess the effect of As2O3 on the metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma cells. Changes in matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 expressions were detected by gel zymography assay and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT(PI3K-AKT)pathway was investigated using Western blot. ResultsThe amount of Ewing's sarcoma cells across basal membrane of Transwell in migration and invasion assay decreased gradually with the increase in As2O3 concentration. The average quantities of A-673 across the membrane after treatment by gradual concentrations accounted for 54.3 ％,49.0 ％ and 17.0 ％ of that of untreated group respectively in migration assay (F=112.78,P ＜ 0.01), while 52.7 ％, 32.3 ％ and 10.3 ％ in invasion assay(F =183.76, P ＜ 0.01). Similarly, the percentage of RD-ES was 46.0 ％,39.0 ％ and 8.0 ％ in migration assay (F =408.25,P ＜ 0.01) and 58.7 ％,22.3 ％ and 9.0 ％ in invasion assay (F =373.25, P ＜ 0.01)respectively. The difference had statistics significance.The expression of MMP-9 was suppressed by As2O3 treatment according to gel zymography assay.Western blot assay showed that PI3K-AKT pathway was inhibited and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)was inactivated.ConclusionLow-concentration As2O3 may inhibit metastasis capability of Ewing's sarcoma cells.

Objective To express the receptor binding domain (RBD) protein of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and to characterize the antigenicity of the purified recombi-nant protein. Methods The codon-optimized gene encoding the RBD protein of MERS-CoV was synthesized and then cloned into the pET30a ( +) vector to construct the recombinant expression plasmid. The trans-formed E. coli BL21 (DE3) strains carrying expression plasmid were induced by IPTG under different condi-tions. The expressed products were purified by using nickel affinity chromatography and further analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot assay. Indirect ELISA was performed to analyze the antigenicity and specificity of RBD proteins expressed in prokaryotic expression systems in human serological test. Results The recom-binant RBD proteins were mainly expressed as conclusion body in an optimal induction condition of 37℃ and 0. 5 mmol/ L IPTG for 4 h. The high purified recombinant RBD proteins were obtained through denaturation and renaturation with a relative molecular mass of about 29×103 . Results of the Western blot assay showed that the recombinant RBD proteins could have specific reaction with the serum samples collected form mice with MERS-CoV infection. Indirect ELISA revealed that the RBD proteins expressed in the prokaryotic ex-pression system showed better sensitivity and specificity in the detection of antibodies against MERS-CoV in human serum samples. Conclusion This study reported the prokaryotic expression and purification of RBD protein of MERS-CoV for the first time, which might pave the way for further investigation on immunological detection of MERS-CoV and development of vaccines against MERS-CoV infection.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) captopril on Calpain-mediated cardiomyocytes apoptosis and cardiac function in diabetic rats.

METHODSThirty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 10), normal control group (NC group), diabetes mellitus group (DM group)and captopril treated group (Cap group). Streptozocin (STZ) were used to make the model of diabetes mellitus, captopril was administrated by gavage at the dose of 50 mg/kg every day, while in NC group and DM group the same volume of normal saline was administrated. Twelve weeks later, left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVDEP), maximal rise rate of left ventricular pressure (+ dp/dtmax) and maximal fall rate of left ventricular pressure (- dp/dtmax) were detected; Western blot was used to detect the expression of Calpain-1 Calpain-2, Bcl-2, Bax and total Caspase3 protein; apoptosis index (AI) were assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL).

RESULTSCompared with NC group, LVDEP was significantly higher; LVSP, + dp/dtmax and - dp/dtmax were significantly decreased (P < 0.05); Bcl-2 protein expression was decreased; the expression of Calpain-1, Calpain-2, Bax and total Caspase3 protein were increased; the value of AI was significantly increased. Compared with DM group, LVDEP was significantly lower; LVSP, + dp/dtmax and - dp/dtmax were significantly increased (P < 0.05); Bcl-2 protein expression was increased, the expression of Calpain-1, Calpain-2, Bax and total Caspase3 protein were decreased; the value of AI was significantly decreased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCaptopril can protect diabetic myocardial structure through inhibiting activation of Calpain-1 and Calpain-2, up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2, down-regulating the expression of Bax to inhibit Caspase3 dependent apoptosis, thereby improving the ventricular function and myocardial structure.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Calpain ; metabolism ; Cardiomyopathies ; pathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the permeability of brain microvascular endothelial cells under the condition of high glucose exposure. Methods The bEnd.3 cell line was chosen to detect the value of trans- endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT).Hence, the characteristics of blood-brain barrier in cell model were identified.The permeability of brain microvascular endothelial cells on high glucose exposure was evaluated by cell morphology, cell viability, intracellular lactate dehydrogenase activity and relative expression of ZO-1 and Occludin genes. Results The value of TEER, the activity of ALP and γ-GT increased gradually with increasing incubation time.The observation of cell morphology showed that the number of cells decreased significantly under high glucose exposure, and the adherence was unstable.Cell viability decreased with higher concentration of glucose or longer exposure time under high glucose exposure.The activity of lactate dehydrogenase was also decreased, and there were significant differences among the dose groups (P < 0.05).In addition, the expression levels of tight junction protein ZO-1 and Occludin were further detected.It was found that high glucose exposure inhibited the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin genes in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The bEnd.3 cell line has the characteristics of blood-brain barrier.High glucose exposure inhibited the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 and Occludin. The results might be related to the change of the permeability in brain microvascular endothelial cells

Objective:To investigate the immunologic effect of probiotic FGM fermented astragalus membranaceus on brain damage mice.Methods:Astragalus membranaceus was fermented by probiotic FGM,and ethanol subsiding method was used to extract fermented astragalus polysaccharide in fermented astragalus powder.Fermented astragalus polysaccharide 200,100,50 mg/(kg · d) were intraperitoneal injected daily for 7 consecutive days.The brain damage mice model was established at 1 h after the last dose via suture ligation.Spleen index,thymus index were determined by gravimetric method.The proliferation of splenic lymphocytes was determined by MMT method.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to determine tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) and interleukin 1β(IL-1β).Results:Compared with model group,the spleen index and thymus index was significantly increased in fermented astragalus polysaccharide high concentration administration group (P ＜ 0.05).Splenic lymphocyte proliferation was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The content of TNF-α and IL-1 β decreased significantly(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Probiotic FGM fermented astragalus polysaccharide has immune protective effect on brain damage mice.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical phenotypes and molecular characteristics of adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung(ASC)in elderly patients.Methods:Clinical data of 72 ASC patients in the Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2009 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and 48 patients aged ≥60 years were selected.Clinical manifestations, imaging findings, histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics were collected, and gene mutations were detected by the amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS-PCR).Results:There were 48 patients including 32 males and 16 females with a mean age of 70 years(range: 60-84 years). The maximum diameters of the tumors ranged from 0.3 to 9.0 cm(mean: 2.8 cm). Microscopically, the tumors contained two components, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, with the squamous cell carcinoma tissue showing intercellular bridges and the adenocarcinoma tissue showing papillary, acinar or tubular structures.Immunohistochemistry assays detected varying expression levels of CK7(30/31), CK5/6(20/28), TTF1(12/31), P40(15/17), and P63(12/13). Molecular testing showed that the EGFR mutation rate was 58.8%(10/17)and the ALK fusion mutation rate was 5.9%(1/17), while ROS1 and MET mutations were not detected.All 48 patients underwent surgical resection.Conclusions:ASC cases are relatively rare and prone to misdiagnosis.The diagnosis requires the combination of HE morphology, immunohistochemistry and imaging examination, and surgery is the main treatment option.The mutation rate of the EGFR gene is relatively high in ASC patients.

Adaptive intervention(AI)is a methodology which dynamically evaluates adaptive variables at decision points and timely adjusts and develops tailored strategies to meet individual needs.The study reviewed the origin and development and elaborated the core elements(including intervention outcomes,intervention options,decision points,tailoring variables,and decision rules)and the classification of AI.Based on the literature,the key points of the design and implementation of AI were prospected,which can provide evidence for the research and development of health behavior intervention.

Schizophrenia is a serious mental disease. The diagnosis of schizophrenia so far relies heavily on subjective evidence, including self-reported experiences by patients, manifestations described by relatives, and abnormal behaviors assessed by psychiatrists. The diagnosis, monitoring of the disease progression and therapy efficacy assessment are challenging due to the lack of established laboratory biomarkers. Based on the current literature, clinical consensus, guidelines, and expert recommendations, this review highlighted evidence-based potential laboratory biomarkers for the diagnosis of schizophrenia, including genetic biomarkers, neurotransmitters, neurodevelopmental-related proteins, and intestinal flora, and discussed the potential future directions for the application of these biomarkers in this field, aiming to provide an objective basis for the use of these biomarkers in the early and accurate diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis and rehabilitation assessment of schizophrenia.

Intervention mapping (IM) is a framework for formulating theory-and evidence-based health education projects with participatory approaches from ecological perspectives.The intervention program designed via IM plays a role in reducing the exposure of cancer risk factors,increasing cancer prevention behaviors,and promoting early cancer screening and rehabilitation of cancer patients.This study summarizes the characteristics,implementation steps,and application status of IM in tertiary prevention of cancer,aiming to provide reference for the application of IM in the health education projects for cancer in China.
Humans ; Tertiary Prevention ; Neoplasms/prevention & control* ; China ; Risk Factors

A kind of adjustable external fixation device for lower extremity is designed. The circuit is mainly composed of TEC1-00703 semiconductor refrigeration chip, HZC-30A pressure sensor, STC89C52RC single chip microcomputer and other electrical components. It can realize the timing intelligent temperature control and meet the local fixed-point refrigeration. The design of adjustable structure and the application of intelligent air cushion can satisfy the full fixation of lower limbs of different individuals. Its operation does not need much medical knowledge. It can solve the problem of emergency transportation and follow-up treatment of lower limb injury in ice and snow sports. It has a good application prospect and universality.
External Fixators ; Fracture Fixation ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Refrigeration ; Semiconductors