OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of verbascoside in Naosaitong honeyed pill. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Zorbax ODX with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid(16∶84, V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 334 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and the injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of verbascoside was 0.200-1.000 μg(r=0.999 8);RSDs of precision,stability and repro-ducibility tests were lower than 1%;recovery was 95.16%-99.78%(RSD=1.80,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate,and suitable for the content determination of verbascoside in Naosaitong honeyed pill.

Objective To evaluate the effect and feasibility of mini-flank approach for open partial nephrectomy (MI-OPN) in complex renal tumors with high Zhongshan Score (ZS Score ≥8).Methods Between January 2012 and December 2014, the data from 25 patients with renal tumors , including 18 male and 7 female patients, were retrospectively reviewed.The average age was 50.2 years(range 26-75 years) and the average body mass index was 24.5 kg/m2(range 21.3-30.1 kg/m2).The initial symptom included asymptom in 17 cases, hematuria in 6 cases and other presentation in 2 cases.Bilateral renal tumors were found in 4 cases.Fifteen cases suffered with contralateral urinary stone , renal cyst or hydronephrosis .The preoperative serum creatinine level was 76.9 μmol/L ( range 47 -132 μmol/L ) and the preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 103.8 ml/(min· 1.73 m2)(range 36.5-173.9).The ZS Score was 8 in 11 cases, 9 in 3 cases, 10 in 5 cases, 11 in 2 cases, 12 in 2 cases, and 13 in 2 cases.Mean maximum tumor size was 4.9 cm ( range 2.5-8.1 cm) in CT scan.The average length of incision was 8.0 cm( 7.5 -10.0 cm ) .During the operation , the mass and around normal renal tissue were exposed after opening the Gerota fascia.Along the dorsal of kidney , the renal artery was dissected and clamped .Then, the mass was completely removed along margin of 0.5-1.0 cm normal renal tissue.The vascular end was closed by 3-0 absorbable suture.The entire wound of kidney was U shaped closed by 2-0 absorbable suture.The operative time, ischemia time, estimate blood loss, pathology parameters, operative and short-term (2 -3 months) postoperative complications were recorded .Renal function was recorded 2 -3 months after operation.Results MI-OPN was successfully performed in 23 cases.Radical nephrectomy was performed in 1 cases due to the tumor invasion into the renal pelvis and ureteropelvic junction .Another radical nephrectomy was performed for suspection of positive margin .Mean operative time was 100.2 min ( range 75-150 min) , mean warm ischemia time was 28.3 min( range 21-39 min) and mean estimated blood loss was 63.6 ml(range 10-400 ml).Only 1 case accepted blood transfusion.Mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.6 days (range 5-9 days).Postoperative complications were found in 1 patient, who was found the fluid in surgical region and relieved after the drainage . The pathological diagnosis included clear cell carcinoma in 21 cases, papillary carcinoma in 3 cases and chromophobe cell tumor in 1 case.The mean postoperative serum creatinine level was 88.9μmol/L( range 61-189μmol/L) and the mean postoperative eGFR was 86.3 ml/( min· 1.73 m2 ) ( range 34.0-149.6 ) .There was significant difference between pre and postoperative renal function ( P<0.01 ) .During the average follow-up period of 13.7 months ( range 6-24 months ) , no local recurrence or metastasis occurred .Conclusion MI-OPN is an innovation of traditional OPN and suitable for the complex renal tumors with high ZS score .

al from abroad, which have no reports in China. METHODS: The dissection of flexor policis longus tendon and flexor policis brevis muscle and the medial and extensor halucis longus, flexor policis longus, adductor muscle and abductor halucis muscle cross head and oblique head, medial and lateral head of flexor policis brevis muscle and flexor halucis longus tendon and the extensor halucis longus tendon. These parameters included length, width, thickness, cross-sectional area, lateral heads, extensor halucis longus muscle and tendon and the transverse head of adductor policis muscle and the oblique head, abductor policis brevis from the left leg and foot of fresh female specimens was performed. The cross-sectional area and length located in a fixture were measured and calculated for each sample. Sample loading was done, and one sample was measured four times to gather strength limit, maximum load data, and the load displacement curve. According to Hooke’s law, the elastic modulus of each specimen was calculated. al from abroad, which have no reports in China. METHODS: The dissection of flexor policis longus tendon and flexor policis brevis muscle and the medial and extensor halucis longus, flexor policis longus, adductor muscle and abductor halucis muscle cross head and oblique head, medial and lateral head of flexor policis brevis muscle and flexor halucis longus tendon and the extensor halucis longus tendon. These parameters included length, width, thickness, cross-sectional area, lateral heads, extensor halucis longus muscle and tendon and the transverse head of adductor policis muscle and the oblique head, abductor policis brevis from the left leg and foot of fresh female specimens was performed. The cross-sectional area and length located in a fixture were measured and calculated for each sample. Sample loading was done, and one sample was measured four times to gather strength limit, maximum load data, and the load displacement curve. According to Hooke’s law, the elastic modulus of each specimen was calculated. Abstract BACKGROUND:Currently, the material parameters of foot three-dimensional finite element models are almost OBJECTIVE:To preliminarily measure the parameters of foot muscle and tendon materials in Chinese people. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Relevant measurement data were harvested from nine samples, including the maximum loading, ultimate strength and elastic modulus test.

Objective:To analyze the application value of the mechanical thrombectomy system in the treatment of acute limb ischemia.Methods:The clinical data of 50 patients with lower limb ischemia who were treated with the Rotarex mechanical thrombectomy system from Jun 2017 to Sep 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:In 4 cases of popliteal artery rupture occurred during the operation. The success rate of the operation was 92%. Catheter-directed thrombolysis was used in 7 cases, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was used in 4 cases and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty combined with stent implantation was used in 39 cases. The ankle-brachial index of these 50 patients before and after operation was 0.18±0.24 and 0.64±0.28 respectively ( t=12.87, P<0.001). Treatment was successful in 43 cases. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 24 months, 5 cases were amputated, 2 cases had no improvement of toe ulcer gangrene, 9 cases had thrombus recurrence, and no complications such as bleeding were observed. The primary patency rates at 3, 6 and 12 months were 92%, 84% and 74%, respectively. Conclusion:The mechanical thrombectomy system is safe and effective in the treatment of acute lower limb ischemia with ideal short-term patency.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (LFPEMF) on peritumoral edema in patients with glioma, providing a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of peritumoral edema. Methods This study included 32 patients with recurrent cerebral glioma with peritumoral edema after the operation of glioma in department of glioma, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University from March 2017 to December 2018.The period of LFPEMF treatment was 10-14 days.The clinical symptoms related to brain edema were recorded before and after treatment.The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (National Institute of health stroke scale, NIHSS), Karnofsky quality of life score (KPS), brain edema and tumor range in cranial MRI, T lymphocyte subgroup CD4+/CD8+, superoxide dismutase (SOD) were recorded.The SPSS21.0 statistical analysis software was used to carry out analysis by using self controlled study.P < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results After the treatment of LFPEMF, the results showed that LFPEMF was effective in 25 patients, invalid in 7 patients, and the total effective percentage was 78.13%.The area of brain edema was significantly improved after using LFPEMF(P < 0.05).There was no significant improvement in the area of brain tumor after using LFPEMF therapy (P>0.05).KPS and NIHSS scores improved significantly after using LFPEMF (P < 0.05). Conclusion In the patients with peritumoral edema of glioma, the application of LFPEMF in the patients′ Yongquan point and Lao Gong point can reduce peritumoral edema, and improve clinical symptoms.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of blood-activating and organ-purging formula in vivo of intestinal mucosal barrier after surgery in peritoneal adhesion.METHODS 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and Huoxue Tongfu Decoction group.Besides the control group,the rest of the rats were established with grater method,and the same dose of drugs were given at 3,6,12,24 h after operation.The blood and tissue samples were taken after 48 h.TNF-αlevels in plasma were determined by ELISA,sIgA in intestinal mucosa was detected by immunohistochemical method and the number of content of CD4 cells,lymphocytes apoptosis of intestinal mucosa were detected by TUNEL.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the plasma levels of TNF-αin the model group of 6,12,24 h showed significant difference(P <0.05～0.01),intestinal mucosa under lymphocyte were apoptosis significantly(P <0.01),12 h and 24 h secretion IgA significantly increased(P<0.05),and the model group 12 h,24 h and 3 h,6 h,submucous lymphocyte apoptosis decreased close to the level of control group,model group 3 h CD4 in intestinal mucosa cell number decreased significantly(P <0.01),there was no significant difference in the number of CD4 cells when three groups at 6 h,12 h and 24 h(P>0.05).Prescription in 3 h after operation can significantly reduce the levels of TNF-αin plasma of model rats increased number of intestinal mucosae,the content of IgA and CD4 cells decreased,submucous lymphocyte apoptosis.CONCLUSION Blood-activating and organ-purging formula group can reduce the blood level of TNF-alpha and submucous lymphocyte apoptosis,increase the number of intestinal mucosals content of IgA and CD4 cells,improving local immunity,inhibiting the inflammatory reaction.

To investigate 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein expression during osteoclast formation and differentiation, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) were administered to induce the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts. The cells were incubated with different concentrations of 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 during culturing, and cell proliferation was measured using the methylthiazol tetrazolium method. Osteoclast formation was confirmed using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and assessing bone lacunar resorption. MMP-9 protein expression levels were measured with Western blotting. We showed that 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 inhibited RAW264.7 cell proliferation induced by RANKL and M-CSF, increased the numbers of TRAP-positive osteoclasts and their nuclei, enhanced osteoclast bone resorption, and promoted MMP-9 protein expression in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings indicate that 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 administered at a physiological relevant concentration promoted osteoclast formation and could regulate osteoclast bone metabolism by increasing MMP-9 protein expression during osteoclast differentiation.
Acid Phosphatase/metabolism ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Calcitriol/*pharmacology ; Calcium Channel Agonists/pharmacology ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/*drug effects ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/*genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Osteoclasts/*cytology/*enzymology ; Tetrazolium Salts ; Thiazoles

BACKGROUNDSmoking is known to be a strong risk factor for premature atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and sudden cardiac death. According to a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2000 - 2001 in China, the prevalence of smoking among the Chinese men was 60.2%, the highest prevalence in the world. Up to date, the relationship between smoking and AMI in Chinese male smokers is still unclear. This study analyzed the baseline characteristics for male smokers hospitalized with AMI and investigated the effect of cigarette smoking on their clinical outcomes.

METHODSA total of 890 men aged 18 years or over with AMI were prospectively recruited from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2009 from Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital. Patients were grouped into smokers and nonsmokers. The relationships between baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were tested using either the chi-square test for trend for discrete variables or analysis of variance for continuous variables.

RESULTSSmokers accounted for 66.7% (594), more than twice of nonsmokers (296 (33.3%)), and were averaged 7 years younger ((56.61 ± 11.44) vs. (63.61 ± 11.62) years, P < 0.001). Smokers had the higher rate of TIMI flow grade 2 or 3 after thrombolytic therapy (42.4% vs. 24.5%, P = 0.002), 1 vessel disease (25.5% vs. 14.5%, P = 0.003) than nonsmokers. Smokers had better in-hospital outcome with lower in-hospital mortality rate than nonsmokers (6.2% vs. 10.8%, P = 0.023).

CONCLUSIONSMale smokers suffered from AMI in this study presented an average of 7 years earlier than nonsmokers and were more than twice as likely to have AMI as nonsmokers in China. Smoking appeared to result in earlier infarction, especially ST elevated myocardial infarction in otherwise healthier patients who are likely to survive.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Hospital Mortality ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; mortality ; Smoking ; adverse effects

The purpose of this study was to determine whether osteoprotegerin (OPG) could affect osteoclat differentiation and activation under serum-free conditions. Both duck embryo bone marrow cells and RAW264.7 cells were incubated with macrophage colony stimulatory factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator for nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) in serum-free medium to promote osteoclastogenesis. During cultivation, 0, 10, 20, 50, and 100 ng/mL OPG were added to various groups of cells. Osteoclast differentiation and activation were monitored via tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, filamentous-actin rings analysis, and a bone resorption assay. Furthermore, the expression osteoclast-related genes, such as TRAP and receptor activator for nuclear factor kappaB (RANK), that was influenced by OPG in RAW264.7 cells was examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. In summary, findings from the present study suggested that M-CSF with RANKL can promote osteoclast differentiation and activation, and enhance the expression of TRAP and RANK mRNA in osteoclasts. In contrast, OPG inhibited these activities under serum-free conditions.
Acid Phosphatase/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Avian Proteins/*pharmacology ; Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Ducks ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects/metabolism ; Isoenzymes/genetics/metabolism ; Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism ; Osteoclasts/cytology/*drug effects/*metabolism ; Osteoprotegerin/*pharmacology ; RANK Ligand/metabolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B/genetics/metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the performance of different low-dose CT image reconstruction algorithms for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage. METHODS: Low-dose CT imaging simulation was performed on CT images of intracerebral hemorrhage at 30%, 25% and 20% of normal dose level (defined as 100% dose). Seven algorithms were tested to reconstruct low-dose CT images for noise suppression, including filtered back projection algorithm (FBP), penalized weighted least squares-total variation (PWLS-TV), non-local mean filter (NLM), block matching 3D (BM3D), residual encoding-decoding convolutional neural network (REDCNN), the FBP convolutional neural network (FBPConvNet) and image restoration iterative residual convolutional network (IRLNet). A deep learning-based model (CNN-LSTM) was used to detect intracerebral hemorrhage on normal dose CT images and low-dose CT images reconstructed using the 7 algorithms. The performance of different reconstruction algorithms for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage was evaluated by comparing the results between normal dose CT images and low-dose CT images. RESULTS: At different dose levels, the low-dose CT images reconstructed by FBP had accuracies of detecting intracerebral hemorrhage of 82.21%, 74.61% and 65.55% at 30%, 25% and 20% dose levels, respectively. At the same dose level (30% dose), the images reconstructed by FBP, PWLS-TV, NLM, BM3D, REDCNN, FBPConvNet and IRLNet algorithms had accuracies for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage of 82.21%, 86.80%, 89.37%, 81.43%, 90.05%, 90.72% and 93.51%, respectively. The images reconstructed by IRLNet at 30%, 25% and 20% dose levels had accuracies for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage of 93.51%, 93.51% and 93.06%, respectively. CONCLUSION The performance of reconstructed low-dose CT images for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage is significantly affected by both dose and reconstruction algorithms. In clinical practice, choosing appropriate dose level and reconstruction algorithm can greatly reduce the radiation dose and ensure the detection performance of CT imaging for intracerebral hemorrhage.
Algorithms ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*