Decision on mode of delivery (MOD) is a process involved by both clients and health care providers, based on specific clinical situations and women′s values. To help each woman obtain the best MOD is crucial for obstetric health professionals to provide women-centered high quality of care. There is a steep upward trend in cesarean sections in China due to the introduced advanced technologies, overused antenatal monitoring methods, flexible indications for cesarean sections, delayed childbearing ages and people′s misconceptions, etc.. Recently the conditional and comprehensive two-child policy have been implemented in China, which might initiate changes in fertility and birth intentions of many families, and in subsequent decisions on MOD. This review illustrates the pros and cons of MOD, decision process on MOD, influencing factors and strategies to promote decision on MOD, in order for the obstetric professionals to provide evidence-based best care for women and their families in the process of decision-making.

AIM: To study the quality control of Fuyankang Capsule(Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae,Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Radix Scutellariae,etc.) METHODS: The presence of Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Herba Taraxaci,Radix Scutellariae,Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati were identified by TLC.The content of hydroxybenzyl laxticacid,dansensu in the capsule was assayed by HPLC. RESULTS: Linearity of dansensu was found in the range from 0.04 ?g to 0.20 ?g.The average recovery was 98.8% and RSD was 1.5%. CONCLUSION: The method is highly sensitive,simple,precise and reproducible and can be used for the quality control of the capsule.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between copper and organic components, total flavonoids of Astragalus (TFA), total saponins of Astragalus (TSA) and total polysaccharide of Astragalus (TPA).

METHODTFA, TSA and TPA were extracted from Astragalus roots using different organic solvents, and determined by colorimetry. The concentration of copper in extracts was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS).

RESULTCopper was found in TFA, TPA and TSA, and its concentration in TFA and TPA was higher; the content of copper was correlated significantly to that of TFA and TPA (r1(2) = 0.754 8, F1 = 57.202, P < 0.01 and r2(2) = 0.499, F2 = 21.906, P < 0.01), while not to that of TSA ( r3(2) = 0.0026, F3 = 0.041, P > 0.1).

CONCLUSIONCorrelation analysis could reveal the relationship of copper with organic components in Astragalus roots; contents and structure characteristics of organic components might be important factors influencing the distribution of copper in Astragalus roots.

Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Copper ; analysis ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Qiju Dihuang Pill (QDP) on changes of Chinese medical syndrome types in pregnant women of Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome (GSYDS), and to explore the correlation between imbalanced cytokine levels and GSYDS.

METHODSThis was a random controlled trail. A total of 163 pregnant women of GSYDS at 12 -16 gestational weeks were randomly allocated into the experimental group (86 cases) and the control group (77 cases). Patients in the experimental group took QDP for 2 -4 weeks. Changes of Chinese medical syndrome types and serum interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were observed and compared between the two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTS(1) Totally 41 patients (47.7%) in the experimental group were transformed to normal Chinese medical syndrome type. In the same period of the follow-ups, 9 patients (11.7%) in the control group were transformed to normal Chinese medical syndrome type, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). (2) In the experimental group, the serum level of IFN-gamma and the ratio of IFN-gamma/IL-4 in the peripheral blood were obviously lower after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.01), and obviously lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The level of IL-4 after treatment in the experimental group was higher than that before treatment, and also higher than that in the control group, but with no statistical difference.

CONCLUSIONSThese results indicated that there was imbalanced IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio in the peripheral blood of pregnant women of GSYDS. QDP might play a role in immunoregulation by affecting the IFN-gamma level.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Pregnancy ; Yin Deficiency

Objective To study the expressions of foliate binding protein 1(Folbp1),Wnt and ?-catenin genes on the heart of offspring during the development of embryo,whose mother was deficient of folic acid.Methods Control group involving 18 rats and study group involving 18 rats were choosen from the total 36 adult female SD rats randomly copulate with the male normal rats after feeding different fodder for 2 weeks.The heart of the 13.5,17.5 days embryos and the newborns were obtained.The expressions of Folbp1,Wnt and ?-catenin genes mRNA at the 3 periods were evaluated by RT-PCR.Results The expressions of Folbp1,Wnt and ?-catenin genes mRNA of the study group were significantly weaker than those of the control group in heart of the 13.5,17.5 days embryos and the newborns(all P

Objective To investigate the added diagnostic value of SPECT/CT imaging over routine planar whole-body bone scintigraphy (WBBS) for bone metastases from lung cancer. Methods One hundred and forty-six patients with lung cancer, confirmed by pathological examination, underwent routine 99Tcm-MDP (1110 MBq) WBBS, followed by SPECT/CT over the regions with indeterminate findings on WBBS. Both WBBS and bone SPECT/CT images were interpreted by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians in consensus as the positive, negative or uncertain bone metastases. The final diagnosis was comfirmed by pathology or clinical follow-up. x2 test was used to compare the differences between the two imaging methods. Results Finally, 45 patients were diagnosed as positive bone metastases and the other 101 as negative. The diagnostic sensitivity of bone SPECT/CT for bone metastases from lung cancer was 93.3%(42/45), singnificantly higher than that of WBBS (64.4%, 29/45) (x2 = 19.944, P＜0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of bone SPECT/CT was 89.7% ( 131/146), much higher than that of WBBS (44.5%,65/146) ( x2 = 69. 598,P ＜ 0.05). The uncertain and incorrect diagnostic rates of bone SPECT/CT and WBBS were 10.3% ( 15/146, raging from 5.3% to 15.2% with 95% confidence interval (CI) ) and 55.5% (81/146, raging from 47. 4% to 63.5% with95% CI), respectively. Conclusion BoneSPECT/CT provides incremental diagnostic value over routine WBBS for bone metastases from lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the additional diagnostic value of 99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT over conventional SPECT scan in patients with spinal bone malignancy. Methods Fifty-two patients (mean age (56±14) years) with suspicious spinal bone diseases underwent both bone SPECT and SPECT/CT imaging right after 99Tcm-MDP whole-body planar bone scintigraphy. All patients were pathologically diagnosed by either spine operation or trans-spinal biopsy. The images were evaluated by two independent reviewers; inter-reviewer agreement was evaluated using a weighted Kappa score. Each focus of abnormality was recorded using a 4-point diagnostic confidence scale: benign (B), possibly benign (PB), possibly malignant (PM) or malignant (M). Results Accord to the pathological results, 36 patients had bone malignancy (19 with metastatic tumors and 17 with non-metastatic tumors) and 16 had benign lesions. Over SPECT images, two reviewers rated 73.1% (38/52) and 67.3% (35/52) the lesions as the equivocal (PB or PM) respectively. Over SPECT/CT images, they rated only 25.0% (13/52) and 13.5% (7/52) lesions as the equivocal. Inter-reviewer agreement was 63.5% (weighted Kappa score=0.62) for SPECT and 78.9% (weighted Kappa score=0.81) for SPECT/CT. Conclusions Compared with99Tcm-MDP SPECT, 99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT results in a significant reduction of equivocal diagnoses for the spinal bone malignancy.

The study of human new gene's function has become an increasingly active academic field basically relying on the gene knockout (KO) mouse. The construction of targeting vector economically and efficiently has turned into the key step to acquire a KO mouse because of the low efficiency of recombination with traditional constructed targeting vector. For study of the function of new gene-Resp18, we brought in a new DNA engineering platform-Red/ET recombination to construct Resp18 targeting vector. Red/ET recombineering differs from the conventional ways of vector construction (e.g., PCR, restriction enzyme digestion and ligation) and achieves genetic modification by acquisition, insertion, fusion or replacement of the target gene through small fragments mediated homologous recombination. Now Resp18 targeting vectors of three strategies were yielded successfully through two homologous recombination processes of retrieve and neo-targeting. Red/ET recombination has the advantage of getting longer homology regions without mutation, which makes it a new and reliable alternative to the construction of a targeting vector today.
Bacteriophage lambda ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial ; genetics ; Gene Targeting ; methods ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

Authors raised that staging based strategies and practice of integrative medicine (IM) by combining syndrome typing and disease identification, and choosing suitable measures in accordance with different persons and seasonal conditions after more than ten years' clinical practice and researches. Radical operation as prior (as evil eliminating) and strengthening vital qi in perioerative period are best strategy for promoting rapid rehabilitation of early stage prostate cancer patients. Strengthening body resistance to eliminate evil was used in treating advanced prostate cancer patients. For example, a comprehensive treatment program for hormone-dependent patients was combined with endocrinotherapy and Chinese herbs for synergisic efficacy-enhancing actions. In this way, these patients' quality of life (QOL) were improved and time to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) was delayed, even some patients were clinically cured. There are lack of effective medicines and methods for CRPC patients. Greatly tonifying original qi is mainly used for improving their clinical symptoms and prolonging survivals. Practice has proved staging based strategies and practice of IM has favorable advantages in treating prostate cancer, especially showing prospect in prolonging survival and postponing progression of advanced prostate cancer patients. Besides, it also could provide beneficial considerations and inspiration for combination of syndrome typing and disease identification.
Disease Progression ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ; diagnosis ; Quality of Life

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of processing adjuvants-different types of processing vinegar on effective constituents in rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo, and evaluate the quality of different types of vinegar in China.

METHODThe HPLC method was adopted to determine the extraction solubility of dl-tetrahydropalmation and total alkaloids in rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo processed by vinegar. The sample extracts were separated on kromasil ODS column with mobile phase of methanol-1% phosphoric acid solution(65:35) and detection wavelength was 280 nm.

RESULTThere was a remarkable increase in extraction solubility of dl-tetrahydropalmation and total alkaloids in the rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo processed by the vinegar products with high content of total acids or with known trademarks.

CONCLUSIONSome types of vinegar with known trademarks had been preliminarily selected for the process of Chinese traditional medicine and they also met the requitrement of processing adjuvants with medicine grade. The results will be benefited to the foundation of standardization of vinegar.

Acetic Acid ; classification ; Alkaloids ; analysis ; Berberine Alkaloids ; analysis ; Corydalis ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods