Bile Duct Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans

Adult ; Aged ; Alopecia ; chemically induced ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Bone Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; secondary ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; pathology ; secondary ; Cisplatin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukopenia ; chemically induced ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; Remission Induction ; Survival Rate ; Taxoids ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the perfusion characteristics of intraductal breast lesion by real-time gray-scale contrast ultrasound and to determine the value of real contrast ultrasound in the diagnosis of breast masses.Methods A total of 30 breast lumps by ultrasound contrast enhancement were observed from the enhanced level.An enhanced mode and enhanced border were observed when the lesion was clear.The perfusion characteristics were compared between the benign and malignant lesions.Results Thirty breast lumps include 17 benign lumps and 13 benign lumps by pathological operation.After injected with the microbubble contrast medium,all breast lumps enhanced to varied extent.And malignant lesions showed significant enhancement for more than 3 grade(69.2%,9/13).The radial enhancement around lesion were mainly observed in the malignant lesions (P＜0.05).Conclusion The microvascular perfusion of breast intraductal lesions can be clearly displayed by real-time gray-scale contrast-enhanced ultrasound.The feasibility of differentiation between benign and malignant lesions according to their perfusion characteristics appears to be promising.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and common etiology of lung nodules in children. Methods The etiology, diagnosis, radiological features from 98 hospitalized children of lung nodules were analyzed. Results Of them, 58 were male and 40 were female aged from 0.2 years old to 14.8 years old. Pulmonary infection were found in 41 cases (41.8%) including tuberculosis in 15 cases (15.3%), pulmonary fungal infection in 13 cases (13.3%), pneumonia in 11 cases (11.2%), lung trematode in 2 cases (2.0%). Pulmonary metastases were found in 28 cases (28.6%), multiple pulmonary arteriovenous fistula in 1 case (1.0%), and pulmonary contusion in 1 case (1.0%) and unknown etiology in 27 cases (27.6%). Conclusions The etiology of lung nodules is complicated, in which infectious diseases are the most commonly seen, followed by pulmonary metastases. Biopsy is the golden standard of diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the significance of extended radical resection in the treatment of pancreatic head cancer and its indication.

METHODSBetween Jan. 1995 and Dec. 1998, 56 patients with pancreatic head cancer were retrospectively reviewed, among whom 35 were treated by the Whipple operation and 21 received the extended radical resection during the same interval.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference between the mortality and morbidity rate of complication, though with more patients having higher clinical stages in the extended radical resection group. The 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 84.8%, 62.8%, 39.9% in the extended radical resection group and 70.8%, 47.6%, 17.2% in the Whipple operation group with significant difference between the two groups. The total mortality rate was 51.4% in Whipple group and 42.9% in extended radical resection group with significant difference between the two. The 3-year cumulative rate of death from local recurrence decreased from 37.4% in the Whipple group to 23.8% in the extended radical operation group. Patients who survived for more than 3 years were only those in clinical stage (SC)1 in the Whipple group whereas they were found both in patients who had had CS1, CS2 lesions and also in some who had CS3 lesions in the extended radical resection group.

CONCLUSIONThe extended radical operation does benefit patients with pancreatic head carcinoma in CS1, CS2 and in a part of CS3 without too extensive exrtra-pancreatic invasion.

Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Objective To study the effect of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)on the endo-pulmonary natrium channel(ENaC)expression in the lung of rats with acute lung injured.Method Sixteen rats were randomly divided into normal control group and LPS-group.Rats of normal control group and LPS-group were killed at 6 hours after intravenous injection of normal saline(8 ml/kg)or LPS(8 mg/kg).The extent of lung injury was assessed by arterial blood gas analysis and histological examination.At the same time,?-ENaC protein and???- ENaC mRNA expression in the lung tissue were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.Results PaO_2 in LPS-group was noticeably lower than in normal control group(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the levels and roles of serum growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

METHODSSerum GH and PRL levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 54 neonates with HIE (20 mild, 19 moderate and 15 severe HIE) at the acute and convalescence stages. Twenty normal neonates were used as controls.

RESULTSSerum GH levels were significantly lower, but PRL levels were significantly higher in moderate and severe HIE neonates at the acute stage compared with those of controls and mild HIE neonates (P < 0.01). There were noticeable differences in serum levels of GH and PRL between the moderate and severe HIE cases (P < 0.01). During the convalescence stage, serum GH levels increased and PRL levels decreased in moderate and severe HIE neonates compared with those at the acute stage (P < 0.01); serum GH and PRL levels in each sub-group of HIE restored to the levels of controls. There was a closely negative correlation between GH and PRL levels at the acute stage of HIE (r = -0.8759, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSGH and PRL might be involved in the pathophysiological process of HIE. The levels of GH and PRL closely relate to the severity of HIE at the acute stage.

Female ; Human Growth Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; blood ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Prolactin ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the factors of long-turn survival of liver cancer after surgical treatment.

METHODSFive hundred and twenty-two cases of liver cancer that received surgical treatment in 14 years were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSComparison between the small liver cancer (< 5 cm) and the greater one (> 10 cm) revealed that the small liver cancer had a higher survival rates than the greater one [3 year (61.25 +/- 4.41)% versus (45.90 +/- 6.98)%; 5 year (53.84 +/- 5.68)% versus (30.21 +/- 10.23)%]. There were same results between single-nodule and two or more than two nodule [3 year (61.86 +/- 3.69)% versus (38.31 +/- 4.97)%; 5 year (55.40 +/- 4.91)% versus (28.01 +/- 6.31)%], between child I and child II or more than II [3 year (60.68 +/- 3.68)% versus (49.88 +/- 4.13)%; 5 year (50.99 +/- 5.10)% versus (36.39 +/- 7.58)%], and between single segmentectomy of the liver and two or more than two segmentectomy [3 year (68.65 +/- 4.95)% versus (49.88 +/- 4.13)%; 5 year (65.38 +/- 5.69)% versus (37.98 +/- 5.70)%].

CONCLUSIONSSmall liver cancer, single-nodule, good hepatic function and minor resection were important factors to prolong survival further.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; mortality ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of anatomic hepatectomy performed under vascular exclusion in management of hepatolithiasis.

METHODSFrom May 2002 to March 2005, fifty-three patients with unilateral hepatolithiasis underwent anatomic hepatectomy with exposure and control of inferior vena cava and main trunk of hepatic veins. The hepatic lobes involved by hepatolithiasis were left lateral lobe (S(2), S(3)) in 12 patients, left lobe (S(2), S(3), S(4)) in 26 patients, right posterior lobe (S(6), S(7)) in 8 patients and right lobe (S(5), S(6), S(7), S(8)) in 7 patients. Atrophy of involved hepatic lobes was found in 38 patients. Fourteen patients had experienced more than one operation on biliary tract. Nine patients showed the symptoms of acute cholangitis preoperatively and 4 patients complicated with liver abscess.

RESULTSVascular exclusion was successfully performed on all patients to control the blood inflow and outflow of liver. The anatomically resected hepatic lobes were left lateral lobe (S(2), S(3)) in 12 patients, left lobe (S(2), S(3), S(4)) in 26 patients, right posterior lobe (S(6), S(7)) in 8 patients and right lobe (S(5), S(6), S(7), S(8)) in 7 patients. Except hepatectomy, the additional procedures performed on the patients were choledocholithotomy in 39 cases, choledocho-jejunostomy in 5 cases. The majority of complications were bile leakage in 3 cases, subphrenic infection in 2 cases, hydrothorax in 5 cases and wound infection in 5 cases.

CONCLUSIONSAnatomic hepatectomy under vascular exclusion is effective treatment to eradicate intrahepatic stone foci in case of unilateral hepatolithiasis, and help to reduce intraoperative blood loss and decrease postoperative complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; surgery ; Choledocholithiasis ; surgery ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo seek a safe, efficient, and cost-effective technique for local thermo-ablation of hepatic cancer.

METHODSThe livers from 16 healthy rabbits were thermocoagulated by diode-laser with scanner fiber tip, 6 w for 10 mins. At the same time, the temperatures were measured at 0, 5 and 10 mm from laser tip. The pre-thermocoagulative liver function was compared with that of 7 days post-thermocoagulation. The pathologic changes were also observed 1 month after laser thermocoagulation.

RESULTSAll the rabbits survived and hepatic tissue temperatures at 0, 5, 10 mm from laser tip reached 96.39 degrees C +/- 3.97 degrees C, 60.79 degrees C +/- 6.21 degrees C, 46.10 degrees C +/- 4.58 degrees C respectively after 10 minutes of thermocoagulation. There were no significant differences in liver function parameters between rabbits of pre-laser thermocoagulation and of post-laser thermocoagulation. Thermocoagulated necrosis of liver tissue with surrounding fibrosis in a diameter of 26.0 mm was formed. Light microscopy revealed coagulative necrosis in the center of the coagulated area without surviving hepatic cells.

CONCLUSIONThe hepatic tissue can be coagulated safely and effectively by diode-laser with scanner fibertip, and such a technique may provide a new method for the treatment of hepatic carcinoma.

Animals ; Female ; Laser Coagulation ; methods ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Rabbits