Background Graves ophthalmopathy is generally considered to be an organ-speeifie autoimmune disease.It was reported that 99Tc-methylenediphosphonate (99Tc-M)P) has therapeutic effect on Graves ophthalmopathy,though the mechanism has not been completely delineated.Objective This study was to explore the effects of 99Tc-MDP on the proliferation of retrooeular fihrohlasts (RFs) hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis,and the expression rate of human leucocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in cultured RFs.Methods Retroocular connective tissue was obtained from 2 eyes with Graves ophthalmopathy during the orbital decompression surgery.RFs were cultured with explant culture method in DMEM medium with 20％fetal bovine serum.The cells of 2-7 generations were used in the study.Interferon γ (IEN-γ),interleukin-1 (IL-1),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was added in medium for 72 hours to stimulate the growth of the RFs,and then 10,100 and 1000 mg/L 99Tc-MDP was respectively used to co-culture the cells with IFN-γ,IL-1 or TNF-α.3H-TdR incorporation was used to detect the proliferation of RFs,and synthesis of HA,expression rate of HLA-DR and ICAM-1 in RFs were assayed by radio-immunoassay and flow cytometry,respeetively.Results Cultured cells showed the fibrous shape under the inverted microseope with the positive response for vimentin and absent response for cytokeratine.After addition of TNF-α,IFN-γ and IL-1,the proliferation value of RFs,HA level,the expression rate of HLA-DR and ICMA-1 in RFs was (4918.33±297.91) counts/min,(505.83±41.29)mg/L,(56.88±14.67)％ and (63.57± 14.11)％ respectively,showing significant differenee in comparison with normal control group(P＜0.01).However,after co-culture of ＞100 mg/L 99Tc-MDP with TNF-α,IFN-γ and IL-1,the proliferation value of RFs,HA level,the expressing rates of HLA-DR and ICMA-1 were significantly lower than those in the TNF-α,IFN-γ and IL-1 only culture groups(P＜0.01),but were still higher than those in the normal group.Conclusions 99Tc-MDP can suppress cytonike-induced activation and growth of RFs derived from Graves ophthalmopathy in vitro at a dosedependent manner.

Objective To observed the immigration and proliferation of Schwann cells in acellular xe- no-nerve graft in rats.Methods The sciatic nerves on the right side of the rats were exposc.d and 0.8cm long segments of the nerves were removed from the mid-thigh level and replaced by 1.0cm long rabbit nerves made acellular through chemical extraction.After 4 months,the immigration and proliferation of Schwann cells in the graft were revealed by HE staining,S-100 immunohistochemieal staining and transmission electromicro- scope.Results In the rats repaired by acellular nerves,regenerated axons upgrow into the graft,and a- round regenerated axons there were abundant cells aligned,the cytoplasm of which were S-100 immunoreac- tive.Electromicroscope observing showed that regenerated axons were surrounded by myelin formed by the mi- grated cells reoccupied the acellular segments.Conclusion The host Schwann cells can immigrate into rab- bit nerve grafts made acellular through chemical extraction and form myelin enwrapping regenerated axons in rats.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the growth activity of osteoblast on a novel strontium incorporated calcium sulfate and make comparison with normal calcium sulfate material.

METHODSOsteoblast was inoculated on samples and cell proliferation was measured on the 1st, 3rd, 5th days, and the activities of ALP and osteocalcin were observed on the 5th day. And microcosmic morphology of osteoblast was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).

RESULTSOsteoblast grows robustly on tested material. Cell quantity on the surface of novel material was obviously higher than normal calcium sulfate material (P < 0.05). The activity of ALP and osteocalcin on novel material was 57.8% and 40.2% higher than on normal calcium sulfate material respectively (P < 0.05). On strontium incorporated surface, osteoblast spread well. Cells were polygonal with abundant cytoplasm and the morphology was active.

CONCLUSIONStrontium incorporated calcium sulfate can sustain robust growth activity of osteoblast, which is promising to be used for bone substitute materials.

3T3 Cells ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bone Substitutes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Calcium Sulfate ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Mice ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Osteocalcin ; metabolism ; Strontium ; chemistry

Female ; Humans ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; Middle Aged ; Radius Fractures ; surgery ; Ulna Fractures ; surgery ; Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study clinical effects of one-hole microplate internal fixation for the treatment of collateral ligament injuries of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb combined with fracture.

METHODSTwenty-two patients (16 males, 6 females) with collateral ligament injuries of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb combined fracture were treated with one-hole microplate internal fixation. The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 53 years old with a mean age of 28.5 years old. The duration from injury to surgery ranged from 2 hours to 2 months, and the mean time was 6 days. All the patients had collateral ligament injuries combined with fracture of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. Thirteen patients had injuries in the right hand and 9 patients had injuries in the left hand. There were 18 cases of closed wound and 4 cases of open wound. Eighteen patients had fresh injuries (< 2 weeks) and 4 had old injuries (> 2 weeks). Sixteen patients had injuries in the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb combined with fracture, 6 patients had radial collateral ligament injuries of the thumb combined with fracture, 4 cases of which were complicated with injuries of abductor pollicis brevis and the end of the flexor pollicis brevis tender. The size of the avulsed fragment was about 3.0 mm x 4.0 mm to 6.0 mm x 7.0 mm.

RESULTSThe incisions of 22 patients healed by first intention. The follow-up periods ranged from 6 months to 5 years old,with an average of 2.5 years old. The thumb function was evaluated by Saetta and other evaluation criteria, and 20 patients got an excellent result and 2 good.

CONCLUSIONThe application of one-hole microplate internal fixation in treating collateral ligament injuries with fracture of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb is an effective method.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Collateral Ligaments ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint ; injuries ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Thumb ; injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

A novel transformation method was firstly established using glass beads in Dunaliella salina (D. salina). The results showed that the GUS gene, a reporter gene, was successfully expressed in D. salina. Cells of D. salina presented blue color under the microscope after stained. In addition, different factors which influenced transformation were optimized including the transformation consecutive time, rotate speed, concentration of the plasmid and PEG 6000. The experiment indicated that this fit together can obtain the best results for D. salina transformation: adding 150 microL PEG and 90 microL plasmid DNA to 800 microL culture of D. salina (10(6) cells/mL) containing 300 mg glass beads, swirling 12 seconds under the rotate speed 2400r/min. This newly method can be used as a potential tool in the research of D. salina gene engineering with the advantage of more simpleness, convenience, quickness and less expense.
Chlorophyta ; genetics ; DNA ; chemistry ; genetics ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Glass ; Glucuronidase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Histocytochemistry ; Microspheres ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Time Factors ; Transformation, Genetic ; genetics

Xi'an Jiaotong University has proposed the concept of "less teaching and more learning, interaction between guiding and learning" in medical education, based on its sedimentary deposits, and carried out reform for all clinical medical students since 2001. After more than ten years of educational reform, we have built brand new management framework, and established integrated organ system-based curriculum and PBL teaching pattern. This pattern involves eight aspects of comprehensive reform, including training program, curriculum model, textbook, teaching method, learning style, assessment and evaluation, teaching organization, teaching conditions and guarantee. It will provide paradigm for the integrated curriculum reform in peer colleges, and will be a milestone in the history of medical education in China.

Objective To compare the ability and influence factors of three platelet function tests:light transmission aggregometry (LTA),thrombelastograph (TEG) and VerifyNow.Methods A total of 174 patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and platelet function test were enrolled.Platelet function were tested by LTA,TEG and VerifyNow.Results Patients were found to be high platelet reactivity (HPR) by LTA (56.64％,64 cases/113 cases),TEG(60.38％,32 cases/52 cases),VerifyNow (17.24％,15 cases /87 cases).There were no significant differences observed between TEG and LTA (P ＞0.05).VerifyNow identified lower HPR proportion compared with TEG and LTA (all P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Compared with LTA and TEG,VerifyNow identified lower HPR proportion and may overestimate the effectiveness of clopidogrel.We will follow the patients to study the predictive capability of three tests.

In order to clarify the chemical constituents in Qiliqiangxin capsule, a rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography/orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS(E)) method was established. Forty peaks were identified on line using this method. The herbal sources of these peaks were assigned. The results implied that triterpenoid saponins, flavonoid glycosides, C21-steroids and phenolic acids were included in the main components of Qiliqiangxin capsule. The method is simple and rapid for elucidation of the constituents of Qiliqiangxin capsule and the results are useful for the quality control of Qiliqiangxin capsule.
Capsules ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Flavones ; analysis ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; Glycosides ; analysis ; Hydroxybenzoates ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Saponins ; analysis ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Steroids ; analysis ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Triterpenes ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) with hamstring tendons knot implant fixation.

METHODSFifty-two cases of ACL and PCL old injury were reconstructed under the arthroscopy with double bundles hamstring tendons knot implant fixated in the bottle-necked femoral tunnel. The tibia side were fixated by tendon weave suture cross tied a knot at the bone bridge of tibia. In this group reconstruction of ACL was in 25, PCL and ACL at the same time reconstruction in 15, PCL in 12. The failure test and displacement evaluation were used to study the biomechanics of reconstruction of ACL by hamstring tendon knot implant fixation (n = 13) in porcine knees. The control group were reconstructed with bone-patellar tendon-bone B-PT-B and interference screw (n = 11). The tibia side tendon weave suture immobility by cross tied a knot at the tibia bone bridge (n = 7) and interference screw in the tibia tunnel (n = 8).

RESULTSForty-nine cases were followed up, average 14.6 months. The results of Lanchman test was negative in 46 cases, positive in 3 cases. Preoperative Lysholm score was 56.7, and postoperative was 92.8. According to the knee joint effective evaluate standard, 46 were excellent and 3 good. The maximal pull-out force of hamstring tendons knot implanted fixation had been greater than B-PT-B fixation by interference screw. There were similar displacement in 100 N and 400 N load between hamstring tendons knot implant fixation and B-PT-B (P > 0.05). Peak force test maximal displacement evaluation and failure energy absorption measurement showed that hamstring tendons knot implant fixation was significantly greater than B-PT-B (P < 0.01). The failure test and displacement evaluation of tendon fixation by weave suture knot at the tibia bone bridge cross tie were greater than B-PT-B fixation by interference screw.

CONCLUSIONThe methods of reconstruct of ACL and PCL by hamstring tendons knot implant fixation are feasible. The advantages include: it is biological fixation, not machine fixation; it may benefit for tendons with bone tunnel healing and decrease medical cost. Decreasing or eliminating displacement is helpful to prevent relaxation after reconstruction of ACL and PCL.

Animals ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Orthopedic Procedures ; methods ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; injuries ; surgery ; Swine ; Tendons ; surgery