Objective To explore protective effect of topiramate (TPM) and folic acid (FA) on mitochondrial damage in hippocampal CA3 neurons during pentylenetetrazol- induced kindling in immature rats.Methods Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) - induced kindling in rats was used to establish rat models of epilepsy.Forty-eight 3-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: two therapy groups with TPM 40 mg/(kg?d) or TPM 40 mg/(kg?d) and FA 5 mg/(kg?d) administration, 2 control groups (positive control group and negative control group) with the equal amount of distilled water administration. The seizure behaviors of rats were evaluated. Two months later, the rats were killed and the brain sections were made. The mitochondrial ultrastructures of neurons in hippocampal CA3 region were observed with transmission electron microscope.Results In the positive control group, the frequency of seizure was (48.4 ? 3.7)times, while in TPM group (44.3 ? 3.1)times and in TPM and FA group(40.8 ? 3 .7)times.The differences were significant among three groups (Pa

The mechanism of biological actions of quercetin was studied by using metabolomic method and biomolecular network. HPLC-MS was used to analyze the serum metabolome in rats of blank group and quercetin administration group rats, and MS data were processed by MATLAB software. With multivariate statistical analysis of serum metabolite profiles, a clear separation among blank group and quercetin administration group was achieved, potential biomarkers were selected according to the parameters of variable importance in the projection (VIP) and identified according to MS information and database retrieval. Four compounds, related enzymes, action targets and metabolic pathways had been confirmed, namely retinoic acid and RARbeta, arachidonate and COX-2, 3, 5-diodotyrosine and TPO, uridine diphosphate glucose and PDEs. The mechanism of quercetin enhancing ability of retinoic acid on the induction of RARbeta, activating TPO, using as COX-2 and PDEs inhibitor was approved by biomolecular network and related literatures. In this study, a mechanism of multiple biological actions of quercetin was evaluated at the level of the biomolecular network, metabolomics and biomolecular network can be used to investigate the biological effects mechanism of quercetin, which provided a new method to further revealing mechanism of drug action.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Mass Spectrometry ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics ; Multivariate Analysis ; Quercetin ; pharmacology ; Rats

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Leg Bones ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVETo estimate the clinical and pathological features of pancreatic solid cystic papillary tumor (SCPT) in children.

METHODSFrom 2000 to 2005, 8 cases with SCPT of the pancreas were analyzed retrospectively. All cases but one were females. Average age was 12.8 years. By case review, we discussed the clinical and pathological features of SCPT in children.

RESULTSThe chief complains were abdominal pain and palpable mass. There were 3 cases in the head, 1 case in the body, and 4 cases in the tail of pancreas. The procedures employed included local resection (1 case), distal pancreatectomy (5 cases), pancreaticoduodenectomy (1 case), and biopsy (1 case). Histological examination showed solid with cystic areas and papillary protrusions in the 8 cases; as for immunohistochemical examinations, the positive rate was 100% for alpha-antitrypsin (AACT), 87.5% for vinmentin, and 62.5% for neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The patients were followed up for 2 months to 4 years but one was lost by follow-up and all were alive postoperatively. SCPT in 2 cases relapsed.

CONCLUSIONOccurring predominantly in young females, SCPT is usually curable by surgical resection with a favorable prognosis.

Adolescent ; Child ; Cystadenoma, Papillary ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Duodenum ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreatectomy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Splenectomy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo observe the supplementary analgesic effect of electroacupuncture and its influence on the maintenance of anesthesia and the speed of recovery of patients undergoing craniotomy.

METHODSEighty cases of supratentorial tumor resection were randomly divided into group A and group S, 40 cases in each group. All the patients were anesthetized with 2% Sevoflurane. The patients in group A received electroacupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) and Waiguan (TE 5), Jinmen (BL 63) and Taichong (LR 3), Zusanli (ST 36) and Qiuxu (GB 40) from anesthesia beginning to the end of operation, and in group S without electroacupuncture. The end-tidal Sevoflurane concentration, minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), bispectral index (BIS) and the information during anesthesia recovery stage were recorded, respectively.

RESULTSThe end-tidal concentration and MAC of Sevoflurane in group A at all times were significant lower than those in group S (P<0.05, P<0.01) with a Sevoflurane saving of 9.62% on average. The BIS in group A during a few phases were higher than that in group S (all P<0.05). During anesthesia recovery stage, the time of each phase in group A was significantly shorter than that in group S (all P<0.01). No dysphoria and one case with nausea and vomiting were shown in group A, but in group S, 2 patients had dysphoria and 3 patients had nausea and vomiting.

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture combined with Sevoflurane anesthesia can decrease the dosage of Sevoflurane, shorten the recovery time of anesthesia and improve the quality of anesthesia recovery of the patients undergoing resection of supratentorial tumor.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia Recovery Period ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methyl Ethers ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Middle Aged ; Supratentorial Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; surgery ; therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the shade matching accuracy between tabs of shade guide and tabs out of shade guide by prosthodontists.

METHODSSixty-two graduate students who had 1 to 5 years clinical experience without color blindness were included in this study. Twenty-nine tabs from Vita 3D-Master shadeguide and 7 tabs out of Vita 3D-Master shade guide but from Vita Bleachedguide 3D-Master were taken as the targets of shade matching and observed under the standard light. Subjects' shade matching accuracy on tabs of shadeguide and tabs out of shadeguide was recorded. Frequency of right match was analyzed using Monte Carlo exact probability-test. Wilcoxin test was used to analyze the difference between each group on ranked data of value, chroma and hue.

RESULTSThe shade matching accuracy of tabs of shade guide [45.9% (199/434)] was significantly higher than that of tabs out of shade guide [9.0% (39/434)]. There was significant difference between the two kinds of tabs of ranked data of value [0.2 (0.1 - 0.3), 0.4 (0.4 - 0.5)] and chroma [0.2 (0.1 - 0.4), 0.5 (0.4 - 0.6), P < 0.01, but there was no significant difference in hue data [0.3 (0.1 - 0.4), 0.3 (0.1 - 0.4)].

CONCLUSIONSThe shade matching ability of prosthodontists on tabs out of shade guide is lower than that on tabs of shadeguide. To fulfill clinical need, more training is necessary.

Dentists ; psychology ; Esthetics, Dental ; Humans ; Observer Variation ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Prosthesis Coloring ; methods ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo study the prognosis of childhood asthma and the factors influencing asthmatic attacks and prognosis.

METHODSThe medical data of 212 children with asthma who were followed up for more than 5 years were retrospectively studied.

RESULTSDuring the 5-year follow up, asthmatic attacks termination was found in 121 cases (57.1%) and asthma persistence was observed in 91 cases. Respiratory tract infections were found as the major factors inducing asthmatic attacks (71.7%), followed by inhaled allergens (17.0%).The children with asthma induced by respiratory tract infections had a higher remission rate of asthmatic attacks (61.2%) than those induced by allergens (41.7%) or exercises (26.3%). Three risk factors for asthma persistence were identified: concurrent allergic rhinitis and eczema, parental asthma and allergy-induced wheezing.

CONCLUSIONSThe 5-year follow-up study demonstrated that asthmatic attacks stopped in the majority of children with asthma. Respiratory tract infections may be the major factors inducing acute asthma attacks. The children with asthma induced by respiratory infections may experience a better outcome. Atopic children or children with the genetic background of atopy are at high risks for the development of persistent asthma.

Asthma ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prognosis ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Naringin has been reported to possess a wild range of biological activities. However, the route and metabolites of naringin produced by intestinal bacteria are not well understood. In this paper, different bacteria were isolated from human feces and their abilities to convert naringin to different metabolites were studied. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) with automated data analysis software (MetaboLynx) was applied to fast analysis of naringin metabolites. Using MSE and mass defect filter techniques, three metabolites were detected and tentatively identified. The results indicated that acetylation, hydrolyzation and hydrolyzation with hydrogenation were the major metabolic pathways of naringin in vitro. Then, we studied the gene sequence of the 16S rRNA of the bacteria by extraction of genomic DNA of the strain, PCR amplification and clone of the 16S rRNA. The consequence proved that Enterococcus sp.30, Bacillus sp.46, Escherichia sp.54 and Escherichia sp.63 have the peculiar metabolism characteristic of naringin.
Bacillus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Enterococcus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Escherichia ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Feces ; microbiology ; Female ; Flavanones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; genetics ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization

The study aims to screen the ability of the bacteria to metabolize ononin and assess the effect of ononin on the intestinal bacteria. Fresh human fecal sample was obtained from a healthy volunteer, diluted serially in sterile water and sixty-nine different bacterial colonies were picked out ultimately. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS with automated data analysis software (MetaboLynx) was applied to fast analysis of ononin metabolites. Furthermore, an E(max) precision microplate reader was employed to determine the growth situation of Enterococcous sp., Enterobacter sp., Lactobacilli sp., and Bifidobacteria sp. Results indicated that hydrogenation, demethylation, hydroxylation and deglycosylation were the major metabolic pathways of ononin by human intestinal bacteria in vitro. Ononin can inhibit the growth of pathogen such as Enterococcus sp., Enterobacter sp. and can promote the growth of probiotics such as Bifidobacteria sp. and Lactobacilli sp. This study suggested that intestinal bacteria have the metabolic effects of ononin and the biotransformation was completed by different bacteria. And ononin can affect the balance of intestinal flora and the degree of influence varies depending on the bacterial species and the concentration of ononin.
Bacteria ; metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Feces ; microbiology ; Glucosides ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Isoflavones ; metabolism ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of augmentative plate fixation to increase stability in the treatment of femoral shaft nonunions subsequent to intramedullary fixation.

METHODSNine patients with femoral nonunions after intramedullary nail internal fixation were treated with augmentative plate internal fixation from April 1998 to Jane 2008, included 8 males and 1 female, with an average age of 32 years old ranging from 21 to 54 years. One case was upper 1/3 femoral fractures, 5 cases were middle 1/3 femoral fractures, 3 cases were lower 1/3 femoral fractures. The interspace of bone nonunion was more than 5 mm in 6 cases, of them, iliac bone grafting were applied in 4 cases, artificial bone combined with iliac bone grafting were applied in 2 cases; The interspace of bone nonunion was less than 5 mm in other 3 cases,artificial bone grafting was applied in 1 case, fitting bone callus were applied in 2 cases. All patients got protected weight loading preventing the main screw break.

RESULTSAll patients achieved radiological solid union at an average of 8 months (ranged 6 to 11 months ). The fixation was removed during 6 to 11 months after operation in 5 cases. Donor site pain of iliac occurrenced on 4 cases,3 cases relieved 1 month later and 1 case relieved 3 months later. No infection, fixation loosening or breaking was observed.

CONCLUSIONThe augmentative plate fixation can be applied at the fracture site to prevent the rotational instability. The technique is simple and does not require any special instrument, which facilitates an early weight bearing and gives a quick recovery from nonunion.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Femur ; pathology ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Fractures, Ununited ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Male ; Middle Aged