AIM: To analyze the effect of human amniotic homogenate extract on corneal neovascularization after corneal alkali burn in the process of pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and the effect of corneal neovascularization.METHODS: Totally 32 patients with corneal alkali burn were selected from June 2015 to June 2016 in Foshan,and were randomly divided into Group A and Group B,with a total of 37 eyes.Group A of 17 cases,with a total of 19 eyes,were treated with 40mg/L human amniotic homogenate extract;Group B (n=15),and 18 eyes,treated with 3g/L prednisolone eye drops.In the treatment of 1,4,7,14,21 and 28d at different time points,we observed the growth of corneal neovascularization,and detected the expression of PEDF and VEGF during angiogenesis.RESULTS: Group A of patients in the use of human amniotic homogenate extract after the treatment,the expression level of PEDF was significantly higher than that in Group B(P=0.001),after 28d treatment,the expression level of PEDF reached 0.721±0.314.While patients in Group B the expression level of PEDF was only 0.538±0.253.Two groups had significant difference between the expression level of PEDF (P<0.05).The expression level of VEGF in Group A was lower than in Group B at different time points in the test.After the treatment of 28d patients in the Group A,the expression level of VEGF was 0.152±0.020,in Group B the expression level of VEGF was0.302±0.031.Two groups of patients with VEGF expression level between the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The patients number in Group A with corneal neovascularization was significantly lower than that in Group B,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Human amniotic homogenate extract can increase the expression of PEDF in corneal neovascularization after corneal alkali burn,inhibit the expression of VEGF and the proliferation of corneal neovascularization.

Objective To investigate the perfusion characteristics of intraductal breast lesion by real-time gray-scale contrast ultrasound and to determine the value of real contrast ultrasound in the diagnosis of breast masses.Methods A total of 30 breast lumps by ultrasound contrast enhancement were observed from the enhanced level.An enhanced mode and enhanced border were observed when the lesion was clear.The perfusion characteristics were compared between the benign and malignant lesions.Results Thirty breast lumps include 17 benign lumps and 13 benign lumps by pathological operation.After injected with the microbubble contrast medium,all breast lumps enhanced to varied extent.And malignant lesions showed significant enhancement for more than 3 grade(69.2%,9/13).The radial enhancement around lesion were mainly observed in the malignant lesions (P＜0.05).Conclusion The microvascular perfusion of breast intraductal lesions can be clearly displayed by real-time gray-scale contrast-enhanced ultrasound.The feasibility of differentiation between benign and malignant lesions according to their perfusion characteristics appears to be promising.

Anesthetics, Intravenous ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cerebral Cortex ; cytology ; metabolism ; Drug Synergism ; Female ; Fentanyl ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Midazolam ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Primary Cell Culture ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the changes in the concentrations of five components in Fructus Evodiae used in Chinese medicine, including evodiamine and glycyrrhizic acid, during processing of Fructus Evodiae with Radix Glycyrrhizae extract by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and to provide a scientific basis for different clinical uses of processed and unprocessed Fructus Evodiae.

METHODSThe concentrations of the Fructus Evodiae components in processed or unprocessed Fructus Evodiae were evaluated by HPLC using a YMC J'sphere ODS-H80 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile-water-tetrahydrofuran-acetic acid (41:59:1:0.2, v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 225 nm, the column temperature was 35°C, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the injection volume was 10 μL. The concentrations of the Radix Glycyrrhizae components were determined by HPLC with a Kromasil-C₁₈ column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 4 μm) and a gradient elution of acetonitrile (A) and 0.05% aqueous phosphoric acid (B) as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 237 nm, the column temperature was 35 °C, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the injection volume was 10 μL.

RESULTSThe calibration curves of evodia lactone, evodiamine, rutaecarpine, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizin showed good linear relationships (r>0.99). The recoveries of evodia lactone, evodiamine, rutaecarpine, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizin were 96.59%, 104.18%, 101.91%, 97.75%, and 97.95%, respectively. The concentrations of the components in processed Fructus Evodiae were obviously different to those in unprocessed Fructus Evodiae.

CONCLUSIONSThe developed method is rapid and accurate. The results provide a reference for processed Fructus Evodiae and the changes that could be expected in its effects compared to unprocessed Fructus Evodiae.

Calibration ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cooking ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Evodia ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Reference Standards ; Solutions

Identification of genetic risk factors is the hotspot of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Through candidate gene approach and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), some genes were preliminary identified. To review AIS related genes,and construct the gene network map of AIS gene. We searched on NCBI PubMed and Web of Science database using search terms "adolescent idiopathic scoliosis" and "gene", to classify induction genes. We then constructed gene diagram using string-db. We found 35 AIS genes relating to connective tissue, nervous system active substances, melatonin synthesis and metabolism, puberty and growth, and genes whose function is unknown. Gene diagram shows that a network relationship between gene and other genes,in which IL6, ESR1, ESR2, VDR, TGFB1, IGF1 gene may as the key gene about AIS' genetic mechanism. Two sites of 3 GWAS results outside the network, it is suggesting new pathway that need to be explored. The study about AIS susceptibility gene is still preliminary, requiring in-depth research to identify the new networks.
Adolescent ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; genetics ; Matrilin Proteins ; genetics ; Scoliosis ; genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEIn computed tomography (CT)-based radiotherapy planning for prostate cancer, it is difficult to precisely delineate the prostatic apex because of its relationship with the urogenital diaphragm and bulbospongiosus musculature. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT scans of the patients with prostate cancer to investigate the relationship between the prostatic apex and the anatomic structure visible on CT, and to provide evidence for localizing the prostatic apex in radiotherapy planning.

METHODSMRI and CT scans of 108 patients with prostate cancer were analyzed to measure the distances between the prostatic apex and the bottom of ischial tuberosities, the bottom of obturator foramen, the bottom of pubic symphysis, and the bulb of the penis. The volume of the prostate was measured to analyze its relationship with the localization of the prostatic apex.

RESULTSThe prostatic apex was located (13.1±3.3) mm above the bulb of the penis, (11.0±5.4) mm above the bottom of the obturator foramen, (31.3±5.5) mm above the ischial tuberosities, and (7.1±4.7) mm above the bottom of the symphysis pubis. There was no correlation between the size of the prostate and the localization of the prostatic apex.

CONCLUSIONSThe variance of the distance between the prostatic apex and the bulb of the penis is smaller than that of the distance between the apex and bony anatomy. Delineating the target to 6 mm above the bulb of the penis can cover the prostatic apex in 95% of the patients with prostate cancer, delineating to the bottom of obturator foramen can cover the prostatic apex in 100% of the patients.

Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Penis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Prostate ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; radiotherapy ; Pubic Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

[Objective] To analyse the impact factors for adult measles and its epidemiological characteristics in shanghai . [ Methods] The data on adult measles incidence during 2009-2012 were analyzed using descriptive epidemiology method .And the blood antibody titers was measured by ELISA method in the adult over18 years old in Hong Kou District of Shanghai . [Results] Zero dose vaccination and vaccination failure were the key reasons for the increase of adult measles , which were closely related to our history of prevention and treatment of measles . [ Conclusion ] Adult immunization should be strengthened to improve immune barrier and to reduce the measles incidence in adults , and it is suggested that the immunization for 10-15 year-olds should be strengthened so as to improve the overall antibody levels in adults as a whole .

OBJECTIVETo establish a simple, rapid and economical method in detecting mutations of oncogene K-ras and to investigate its mutations in colorectal cancer tissues and its relationship with clinicopathologic characteristics of colorectal carcinoma.

METHODSForty colorectal cancer tissues were tested for K-ras mutations at codon 12 and codon 13 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by direct sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) followed by sequence analysis. The other 113 colorectal cancer tissues were tested for K-ras mutations at codon 12 and codon 13 using PCR-RFLP followed by sequence analysis only. The mutation results were analyzed with the corresponding clinical pathological data.

RESULTSAmong 40 colorectal cancer cases, none of K-ras mutations at codon 12 and codon 13 was detected by PCR followed by direct sequencing. However, K-ras mutations were found in 11 cases (11/40, 27.5%) by PCR-RFLP followed by sequence analysis, including 8 cases at codon 12 and 3 cases at codon 13 respectively. Among 153 colorectal cancer cases, point mutations were detected by PCR-RFLP followed by sequence analysis in 58 cases (37.9%). Point mutations at codon 12 were found in 46 cases and 12 cases at codon 13. Mutations with the highest frequency were G→A transitions (25/58, 43.1%) at codon 12. No significant correlation was observed between mutations of K-ras and gender, invasive depth, tumor differentiation, number of invaded lymph nodes, distant metastasis and clinical stage (P > 0.05). Mutation of oncogene K-ras at codon 12 and codon 13 was closely related with age and tumor location (P < 0.05). The incidence of K-ras mutation was significantly higher in younger patients and in patients with ascending colon cancer.

CONCLUSIONSPCR-RFLP followed by sequence analysis is a rapid, simple, sensitive and low-cost method. It is a suitable technology for detecting hot-spot mutations in the K-ras oncogene. Mutation of oncogene K-ras at codon 12 and codon 13 is a common molecular event in colorectal carcinogenesis, which might be related with age and tumor location.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Genes, ras ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship of lymphatic micovessel density (LMVD) detected by monoclonal antibody D2-40) with the VEGF-C expression in human breast cancer.

METHODSTissue samples of 102 breast cancers, 25 breast fibroadenomas and 10 normal breasts were collected. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detected the lymphatic micovessels with monoclonal antibody D2-40. The expression of VEGF-C was detect by SP immunohistochemistry, and VEGF-C mRNA by hybridization in situ.

RESULTSIn 102 breast cancers, the positive rate of D2-40 was 76.5% (78/102), higher than that in the breast fibroadenomas. LMVD in the periphery of breast cancer was 30.1 lymphatic microvessels per x 100 field of vision, which was significantly higher than that in the central area of the tumors (P = 0.000). The LMVD in the periphery of the breast cancers was correlated with the number of metastatic lymph nodes (r = 0.964, P < 0.01). The positive rates of VEGF-C protein and mRNA were 55.9% (57/102) and 59.8% (61/102), respectively, significantly higher than that in the breast fiberoadenomas and normal breast tissues (chi2 = 11.653, P = 0.003; chi2 = 10.345, P = 0.006), and were significantly correlated with the status of lymph node metastasis, clinical stage and the expressions of c-erbB-2 and p53 protein (P < 0.05). Both of VEGF-C protein and mRNA were significantly correlated with LMVD detected by D2-40 (P < 0.05), especially with the LMVD in the periphery of breast cancers (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe monoclonal antibody D240 can be used to detect the lymphatic endothelium in human breast cancer. The lymphatic microvessel density in the periphery of breast cancer is correlated with the lymph node metastasis and expression of VEGF-C. Therefore, VEGF-C may play a significant role in the lymphangiogenesis leading to metastasis of breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphangiogenesis ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphatic Vessels ; pathology ; Microvessels ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ; genetics ; metabolism ; Young Adult

UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVE To explore the advantage and feasibility of fluorescent antibody method for detection of blood type in biological material. METHODS: According to theory of specific binding of antigen and antibody, at first the anti-A monoclonal antibody (MA) and anti-B MA were labeled with the fluorescent, then fluorescent-labeled antibodies (FLA) were bound with corresponding biological material (such as bloodstain) in the optimum condition, finally the ABO blood type of bloodstain was determined under microscope fluorescent. RESULTS: The fluorescent antibody method is highly sensitive, accurate and simple. CONCLUSION The fluorescent antibody method is an accurate and reliable method for detection of ABO blood type in biological material.
ABO Blood-Group System/immunology* ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/blood* ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Blood Group Antigens/blood* ; Blood Stains ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique/methods* ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity