objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of mini-cancer of the stomach. Method In this study,out of 296 early gastric cancer cases there were 34 cases of early gastric cancer in which tumor diameter was≤10 mm,among those there were 5 cases with tumor size≤2 mm and 29 cases of the size 2～10 mm. Result Mini-cancer accunted for 2% of all early gastric cancers in this series:All these mini-cancers were of intramucosal cancer(100%),while that took up to 45%in control group in which tumors were between≥2 mm and≤10 mm:Tumors were high or moderately differentiated pathologically in 100%of mini-cancers and 55%in control group.None of mini-cancer patients had lymph node metastasis,however,1 of 29 patients in control group had lymph node metastasis.Both groups had no blood vessel and lymphatic vessel invasion:The differentiation concordance rate between superficial lesions and invasive fronts in mini-cancer was 100%,higher than 86%in control group. Conclusion Gastric mini-cancer is usually of high differentiation,low tumor invasion and low rate of lympy node metastasis than control group.Endoscopic therapy is applicable for most gastric mini-cancers.

Objective To investigate the expression and correlation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and sFlt-1 in the preeclampsia placenta,and discuss their significance in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Methods Placentas were collected from 20 pregnant women with preeclampsia as study group and 15 normal pregnant women as control group.The expressions of HIF-1?,VEGF and sFlt-1 protein were semi-quantitatively analyzed with immunohistochemical assay and mRNA level was determined using reverse transcription polymerasc chain reaction(RT-PCR)technique. Results(1)the expression of HIF-1?and sFlt-1 protein in preeclampsia group obviously increased.Strong (+++)positive expression was observed in 9 and 11 cases respectively,significantly higher than in control group(2 and 3 cases)(P＜0.05),however,VEGF expression obviously reduced in preeclampsia group(P＜0.01).(2)the level of HIF-1?and sFlt-1 mRNA in preeclamptic placenta was 0.604?0.013, 0.898?0.041,significantly higher than 0.208?0.007 and 0.559?0.244 in normal placenta(P＜0.05). Although the level of VEGF mRNA increased in preeclampsia placenta,it was not significantly different from that in normal placenta(P＞0.05).The ratio of VEGF mRNA/sFlt-1 mRNA obviously reduced in preeclampsia group and was significantly lower than in control group(P＜0.05).(3)in preeclampsia group,HIF-1?mRNA expression was positively correlated with the expression of sFlt-1 mRNA(r=0.577, P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with the ratio of VEGF mRNA/sFlt-1 mRNA(r=-0.376,P＜0.05).Conclusion Abnormal high HIF-1?expression in preeclampsia placenta indicates that HIF-1?might play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia,possibly through affecting the cytotrophoblastic invasion and placental vascular reconstruction via the modulation of VEGF and sFlt-1 gene transcription.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment of nodular panniculitis disease in children. Methods Clinical data of 13 cases with nodular panniculitis disease were reviewed retrospectively. Their etiology,clinical manifestation,misdiagnosis cause,pathologic characteristics, treatment and outcome were analyzed. Results Its clinical manifestation was multiform and showed mainly as fever and hypodermic nodule. Concomitant damages to digestive, respiratory, circulatory and renal system might occur in those children with the system type of this disorder. Conclusion Pediatric nodular panniculitis disease can be easily misdiagnosed and lack of specificity in the early stage, and complicates multiple organs damage.

The aim of this study is to develop monoclonal antibody against human hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor 1 (HAI-1) for future study of HAI-1. The cDNA fragments of human hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor 1 (HAI-1) were subcloned to construct GST-HAI-1 fusion protein expression vectors. The vectors were transformed into E. coli and fusion protein expression was induced by IPTG. The GST-HAI-1 fusion proteins were separated on preparative SDS-PAGE and recovered by electroelution, and used to immunize BALB/c mice. Hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against human HAI-1 were prepared by cell fusion technique and characterized by ELISA, Western Blot and immunohistochemical staining. One hybridoma cell line, ZMC6, was obtained, which produces specific antibody against the expressed GST-HAI-1 fusion protein. The monoclonal antibody recognizes both the membrane-type and secretory-type HAI-1 proteins of colorectal tissue. The successful development of anti-HAI-1 antibody provides a powerful tool for further investigation on HAI-1's function.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Blotting, Western ; Glutathione Transferase ; genetics ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory ; analysis ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; immunology

Objective To investigate the endoscopic and pathological characteristics of Barrett's esophagus (BE).Methods Data of 152 patients who were diagnosed as having BE with endoscopy and pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Results BE was most commonly seen in patients of 40-60 years old.The clinical manifestations overlapped in different patients,including regurgitation and heartburn in 78 (51.32%),dysphagia in 9 (5.92%),retrosternal pain in 12 (7.89%),upper abdominal pain or discomfort in 67 (44.08%),and asymptomatic in 8 (5.26%).Long segment BE (LSBE) was determined in 7 patients (4.61%),and short segment BE (SSBE) in 145 (95.39%).The metaplasia pattern under endoscopy included island like in 98 (64.47%),tongue like in 39 (25.66%) and circumferential in 15 (9.87%).Stratified squamous epithelia in the lower part of the esophagus were replaced by columnar epithelia in all cases,and intestinal metaplasia occurred in 68 cases (44.74 %).Conclusion BE is most frequently seen in the middle-aged and can be diagnosed by endoscopy and pathology without special clinical manifestations.Island pattern occurs in most cases and is with lowest rate of intestinal metaplasia,which is associated with age.Patients with specialized intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia should be followed up for surveillance of cancer.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the mutational features of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene and to explore the effect of mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency on its mutations in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancers (HNPCC).

METHODSPCR-based in vitro synthesized protein test (IVSP) assay and sequencing analysis were used to confirm somatic mutations of whole APC gene in 19 HNPCC patients.

RESULTSEleven cases with thirteen mutations were determined. The frequency of APC mutation was 58%(11/19). The exhibiting mutations consisted of 9 frameshift mutations and 4 nonsense ones, indicating the existence of more frameshift mutations (69%). All of frameshift mutations were deletion or insertion of 1-2 bp and most of them (7/9) happened at simple nucleotide repeat sequences, particularly within (A) n tracts (5/9). All of four nonsense mutations resulted from C to T transitions at CpG sites.

CONCLUSIONMutational inactivations of APC gene were detected in more than half of HNPCC patients in this study, indicating that APC mutation is a common molecular event in the tumorigenesis of HNPCC. According to the location of frameshift mutations at simple nucleotide repeat sequences and point mutations at CpG sites, it was suggested that endogenous mechanisms like MMR deficiency might exert an effect on the nature of APC mutations in most HNPCC.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli ; genetics ; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; genetics ; Genes, APC ; physiology ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the vasoconstriction effect of Ixeris sonchifolia in rat thoracic aortic rings and the underlying mechanisms.

METHODI. sonchifolia 10-160 g x L(-1) was cumulatively added into organ bath to observe the isometric tension of thoracic aortic rings with intact endothelium or denuded endothelium in basal tension, preconstricted by phenylephrine (PE) or potassium chloride (KCl), and thoracic aortic rings with intact endothelium preincubated frist with captopril, phosphoramidon and indomethacin, respectively, then preconstricted by PE and KCl. The response was recorded and expressed by "relative contraction".

RESULTCumulative administration of I. sonchifolia 10-160 g x L(-1) did not affect the vasomotion of aortic rings with endothelium or without endothelium in basal tension. Exposure of intact endothelium rings preconstricted by PE or KCl to I. sonchifolia at concentration (20-160 g x L(-1) induced a significant constriction, which was inhibited by preincubation with captopril, but was not inhibited by preincubation with phosphoramidon or indomethacin. Exposure of endothelium-denuded rings preconstricted by PE or KCl to I. sonchifolia at concentration (10 to approximately 160 g x L(-1) did not effect the vasoconstriction.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that I. sonchifolia (20 to approximately 160 g x L(-1) can contract the rat thoracic aortic rings with endothelium. The effect of contraction may enhance angiotensin converting enzyme activity and promote endothelium to synthesize angiotensin II. It has no relationship to endothelin or thromboxane A2.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; drug effects ; physiology ; Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Captopril ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Endothelium, Vascular ; physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Phenylephrine ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vasoconstriction ; drug effects ; Vasoconstrictor Agents ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effect of bridging fixation with locking plate for the Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fracture.

METHODSFrom March 2009 to September 2014,18 cases of Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fracture were treated by open reduction and bridging fixation with locking plate through proximal and distal approach including 16 males and 2 females with an average age of 41 years old ranging from 22 to 67 years old. Among them, 12 cases caused by traffic accident, 5 cases by falling, 1 case by heavy aboving. All cases were fresh and closed fractures. Time between injury and operation was from 4 to 9 days with an average of 6.2 days. Of them, 11 cases were fixed with reverse LISS and the other 7 cases were fixed with anatomical locking plates of proximal femur.

RESULTSThe mean time of operation was 110 min (ranged from 90 to 155 min). The mean blood loss during operation was 425 ml (ranged from 350 to 650 ml) and 16 cases got blood transfusion which was meanly 300 ml. The mean hospital time was 14 days (ranged from 12 to 18 days). The mean duration of followed up was 11.8 months (ranged from 8 to 22 months). The mean time of bone union was 6.6 months (ranged from 5 to 8 months). There was not any complication such as infection, implant failure, hip varus, external rotation deformity of low limb or fat embolism. The Sanders hip scores were 53.22 ± 6.48, the result was excellent in 12 cases and good in 6 cases at the last follow-up.

CONCLUSIONUnder the principle of biological osteosynthesis, treatment of Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fracture with bridging locking plate fixation has such advantages as high mechanism, less interference of blood supply, stable fixation and little complication. It is a safe and idea way for the treatment of the Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fracture.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo isolate an isogenic radioresistant cancer cell line after fractioned X-ray radiation and characterize the resistant cells.

METHODSD6 cells were exposed to repeated X-ray irradiation, and after a total dose of 5200 cGy in 8 fractions, a radioresistant monoclone D6-R was obtained. The radiosensitivity and drug sensitivity of the novel radioresistant D6-R cells, together with their parent D6 cells, were measured using clonogenic assay and MTT assay respectively. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were applied for apoptosis detection. Comet assay was used for the detection of DNA damage and repair.

RESULTSD6-R cells showed higher and broader initial shoulder (D0=2.08 Gy, Dq=1.64 Gy, N=2.20) than the parent D6 cells (D0=1.84 Gy, Dq=0.34 Gy, N=1.20). They were 1.65-fold more radioresistant than D6 cells in terms of SF2 (63% vs 38%) and were more resistant to ADM (3.15-fold) and 5-FU (3.86-fold) as compared with the latter. It was found that D6-R cells had higher fractions of cells in S phase (53.4% vs 37.8%) and lower fractions of cells in G1 (44.1% vs 57.2%) and G2-M phase (2.5% vs 5%). There was no difference in radiation-induced apoptosis between D6-R and D6 cells. D6-R cells showed less initial DNA damage and increased capacity in DNA repair after irradiation, as compared with the parent cells.

CONCLUSIONSD6-R cells have been isolated by exposing the parental D6 cells to repeated irradiation. The difference in cell cycle pattern together with the induction and repair of DNA damage might, at least partially, explain the mechanism of the radioresistance.

Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical and genetic features between Chinese and Korean hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) families.

METHODSThirty-one Chinese HNPCC families and 63 HNPCC Korean families were involved in this study. The clinical data of the probands and families were collected. Genomic DNAs were prepared from peripheral blood samples of probands for DNA test. PCR and DHPLC were employed to screen the mutations. Sequencing analysis was followed to find out the exact mutation site and feature in samples showing abnormalities in SSCP or DHPLC analysis.

RESULTSIn a total, there were 136 malignant neoplasms diagnosed in the 31 Chinese families, about 77.9% of them were colorectal cancer. The mean age of colorectal cancer at diagnosis was (48.6+/- 29.0) years. Gastric cancer was the second most common cancer in these familiesîSeven pathogenic mutations (3 in hMLH1 gene and 4 in hMSH2 gene) were detected in the 31 probands, including 2 missense mutations, 2 nonsense mutations, 2 frameshift mutations and 1 large-fragment deletion. The total mutation rate was 22.6%. In the 63 Korean families, 293 malignant neoplasms were documented, 82.6% of them were diagnosed as colorectal cancer. The mean age of colorectal cancer at diagnosis was (45.9+/- 11.0) years. Gastric cancer was also the most common extracolonic cancer in these Korean families. Nineteen pathogenic mutations (17 in hMLH1 gene and 2 in hMSH2 genes) were detected in the 63 probands, including 12 frameshift mutations, 5 missense mutations, 1 nonsense mutation and 1 base-change at the splicing site. The total mutation rate was 30.2%.

CONCLUSION(1) Chinese and Korean HNPCC families had many similar clinical features, such as early-onset of colorectal cancer, predominance in distal colon and rectum, lower incidence of synchronous or metachronous colorectal cancers as compared with Western countries, and a frequent occurrence of gastric cancer in the families. (2) The total mutation rate of hMLH1 and hMSH2 gene in Chinese and Korean HNPCC families was similar and lower than that reported in Western countries. But the mutation characteristics, such as predominant gene, mutation type and mutation distribution, were different in the two populations.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; MutL Protein Homolog 1 ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; genetics ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; Young Adult