Objective To screening up-regulated protein kinases and their inhibitors in order to provide new targets for molecular thera-py of nasopharyngeal cancer.Methods GEO database and SAM software were employed to screen the up-regulated protein kinase gene in nasopharyngeal cancer.Based on DAVID database,the regulating functions of kinases were identified.The inhibitors of up-regulated kinase genes were identified by Selleckchem database.Literature mining was used to screen the potential anti-cancer drugs.Results Totally 2360 differentially expressed genes including 21 up-regulated protein kinases (CHEK1,CHEK2,PRKDC,AURKA,VRK2,STK17A,MELK,NU-AK1,TRPM7,MASTL,AXL,BUB1,BUB1B,CDK4,TTK,CDC7,CASK,AKT3,TBK1 and PBK)were identified in the whole genome profi-ling (Fold Change≥2,P <0.05).The results of function analysis showed the up-regulated genes were enriched in 10 function terms such as‘protein amino acid phosphorylation’‘phosphorylation’‘phosphate metabolic process’‘mitotic cell cycle’‘cell cycle phase’‘regulation of cell cycle’,and so on.The Selleckchem database analysis showed there were 9 up-regulated protein kinases equipped with 51 inhibitors which were proved already.The results of literature mining showed that 18 inhibitors of them had a few studies (less than 10 literatures)in cancer terms,and there was a potential to become new drugs to treat nasopharyngeal cancer.Conclusion A total of 21 up-regulated protein kinases were identified,and they might promote the nasopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating functions such as the cell-cycle control pathway.Their ki-nase inhibitors may have a potential role in anti-cancer treatment,which provided a new target point for molecular therapy of nasopharyngeal cancer.

Objective Based on protein-protein interaction network,gene modules were identified to provide new targets for molecular therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods GEO dataset (GSE12452)and SAMsoftware were employed to screen the differentially ex-pressed gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Protein-protein interaction network was established by using String database.Based on the net-work,the gene modules were identified by using bioinformatics gene module analysis method.GO analysis was used to analyze the function of gene modules.Results In this study,2 634 differentially expressed genes were identified in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.There were 4 729 protein-protein interaction pairs among the differentially expressed genes according to the String database.We established the protein-protein interaction network based on these pairs.Seven gene modules were identified by bioinformatics methods.GO analysis results showed that the function of the gene modules including regulation of cell cycle,glycosylation,cell adhesion,oxidation reduction and so on.Conclusion There are 7 gene modules in protein-protein interaction network in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.These modules may play important roles in the progression and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Our finding can provide a new sight for molecular diagnose and therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

To establish induction and liquid culture system for hairy roots of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4, LBA9402, 15834 as test bacterium were used to infect aseptic leaves of Danshen. The hairy roots were induced and positive transgenic hairy roots were selected with PCR using rolB and rolC as the target gene. Then hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza were harvested and salvianolic acids were extracted with 70% methanol containing 1% formic acid. The content of salvianolic acid B (SalB) and rosmarinic acid (RA) were determined by HPLC. According to the above research results, the Danshen hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 were inoculated into the following group of culture media: MSOH, MS, B5, and 6,7-V liquid media. Then the same methods of extraction and determination for the content of Danshen hairy roots were adopted. Last, the hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 were inoculated into the MSOH liquid media with different pH values. The content of salvianolic acid were extracted with 70% methanol containing 1% formic acid and determined by HPLC. As a result, three kinds of A. rhizogenes A4, LBA9402, 15834 could induce hairy roots and Ri plasmids were integrated into the genome of S. miltiorrhiza by PCR. Danshen hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 and A4 produced much more salvianolic acid, which were (3.27 ± 0.37)% [including (1.04 ±0.36)% of RA and (2.22 ± 0.29)% of SalB] and (3.17 ± 0.20)% [including (0.92 ± 0.31)% of RA and (2.25 ± 0.26)% of SalB], respectively. Hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 when they were cultured in MSOH liquid media produced much more salvianolic acid, which was (4.56 ± 0.36)%, including (1.12 ± 0.26)% of RA and (3.44 ± 0.23)% of SalB. Hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 produced the most salvianolic acid when they were cultured in MSOH liquid media with the pH value 4.81, which was 4.85%, including 1.16% of RA and 3.69% of SalB. So Danshen hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA9402 and A4 produced much more salvianolic acid when they were cultured in MSOH liquid media with the pH value 4.81. The research had established the foundation on genetic engineering to improve the quality of S. miltiorrhiza.
Agrobacterium ; physiology ; Benzofurans ; analysis ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Cinnamates ; analysis ; metabolism ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Depsides ; analysis ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology

Background Cardiomyocytes apoptosis was related to oxidative stress which has been shown to play an important role in ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction(MI).Probucol is a hypolipidemic and antioxidant agents.Several reports demonstrated its cardioprotective effect after MI.However,the exact effect of probucol on the modification of the apoptosis related gene Bcl-2 and Bax is not clear.Objective To investigate the effects of probucol on mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2,Bax and oxidative stress in myocardial infarcted rats.Methods Forty-one SD rats that survived 24 h after ligating left anterior descending coronary artery were randomly to receive placebo-saline(5 mL/d,n=20)or probucol(probucol 60 mg/kg?d,n=21).Twelve rats underwent sham operation were served as control(n=12).Six weeks after treatment,hemodynamic pararmeters and left ventricular function were measured with catheterization.Cardiomyocytes apoptosis were determined by TUNEL method.Myocardium mRNA of Bcl-2 and Bax expression levels in the non-infarcted myocardium were as- sessed by RT-PCR.The myocardium protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the non-infarcted myocardium were de- termined by Western blot.Colorimetry was used to determine oxidative metabolism index in myocardium.Results 1)Compared with the sham rats,all MI rats showed marked decrease in Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression in myo- cardium with increase of Bax mRNA and protein expression and apoptosis index(P

Background Histone deacetylase inhibitors can regulate gene expression through modulation of the degree of acetylation of histone and non-histone,thus affecting cell proliferation,survival and chemosensitivity.Histone deacetylase inhibitors combined with paclitaxel may enhance the inhibitory effect of drugs on lung cancer cells.This study aimed to observe the effect of trichostatin A (TSA)/paclitaxel on the proliferation and apoptosis in human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells,and to investigate its mechanism.Methods A549 cells were cultured in Dulbecco modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) in the presence of paclitaxel and the histone deacetylase inhibitor TSA,and the growth curve was obtained by trypan-blue exclusion assay and cell count.Apoptosis was assessed using Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry analysis,and cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry analysis.The proteins poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP),caspase-3,survivin,and tubulin acetylation were detected by Western blotting.Results A significant reduction of proliferation was observed in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells treated by paclitaxel or TSA.Combined treatment with TSA/paclitaxel caused the greatest inhibition of cell proliferation.The combined treatment with TSA and paclitaxel induced more severe apoptosis,and significantly more cells were arrested in Gz/M phase (P ＜0.05) then with a single drug.Using Western blotting,we demonstrated that treatment with TSA/paclitaxel led to synergistic increase in acetylated tubulin,PARP,caspase-3,and reduced the expression of survivin.Conclusion TSA and paclitaxel have a synergistic activity that can inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pathogenic infection and its drug resistance in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) and its correlation with serum PSA, and provide some evidence for the systematic and normalized diagnosis and treatment of prostatitis.

METHODSThree EPS swabs were collected from each of the 320 prostatis patients following measurement of the serum PSA level, 1 for bacterial culture and identification, 1 for detection of Mycoplasma and drug sensitivity, and the other for examination of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen by colloidal gold immunoblot.

RESULTSTotally 244 strains were isolated from the 320 EPS samples, including 188 bacterial strains (dominated by Staphylococcus and sensitive to vancomycin or linezolid) and 44 Mycoplasma and Chlamydia strains (mainly Ureaplasma urealyticum and susceptible to josamycin or doxycycline). The serum PSA level was significantly higher in the pathogen-positive than in the pathogen-negative group ([6.98 +/- 0.56] microg/L vs [2.32 +/- 0.12] microg/L, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONProstatitis may lead to the elevation of the serum PSA level and the pathogens involved vary in their resistance to different antibacterial spectrums. Therefore, appropriate and individualized antibiotic therapy should be selected according to etiological diagnosis and the results of drug sensitivity test.

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; microbiology ; secretion ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatitis ; blood ; microbiology ; Young Adult

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy(HHE) syndrome.Methods The clinical data of 5 children with HHE syndrome were analyzed.Cranial magnetic resonance imaging MRI and /or computerized tomography(CT) and electroencephalogram(EEG) were done in all patients.Results The age of onset was less than 4 years in 4 of 5 patients and initial seizures were associated with fever in 3 cases.The longest duration of convulsive seizures lasted more than 2 hours in all cases,followed by the appearance of hemiplegia involving the side of the body where the convulsions were localized.Subsequent epilepsy developed within 2 years of the hemiplegia in all 5 cases,with 4 cases simple partial seizure and 1 case psychomotor seizures.All cases had mental retardation.Cranial MRI showed left hippocampal sclerosis in 4 patients and CT brain scan showed right cerebral hemiatrophy in 1 case.The EEG showed abnormality in all patients.Epileptiform discharges were found in 4 cases,and the damage hemisphere showed slowing and low voltage of background activity in 1 case.All cases received mainly carbamazepine therapy,and the seizures were satisfactorily controlled or partly controlled.Conclusions HHE syndrome is recognized as hemiplegia-epilepsy syndrome after prolonged hemiconvulsion.The hippocampal sclerosis may be the consequence of repeated seizures,but not the cause.Better understanding of the syndrome,early and adequate treatment of prolonged seizures,especially of febrile convulsion,will reduce the incidence of HHE syndrome.