Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Toluene ; poisoning ; Xylenes ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Ethane ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Nitroparaffins ; analysis ; Uncertainty ; Workplace

Acute Disease ; Atropine ; therapeutic use ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo establish a ion chromatography method for determination of phosphorus oxychloride in the air of workplace.

METHODThe phosphorus oxychloride in the air of workplace was collected by absorb liquid and turned into hydrochloric acid, then separated in column and detected with conductivity detector, qualified by elution time and quantified by peak height or peak area.

RESULTSThe linear range of phosphorus oxychloride in air of workplace was 0.72 ∼ 5.76 µg/ml with its correlation coefficient 0.9999. The detecting limit of the method was 0.12 µg/ml. The smallest detecting concentration of the method was 0.08 mg/m(3) for 15 L sampling air. Relative standard deviation was 3.3% ∼ 6.2% and the recovery was 97.8% ∼ 103.8%. The sample could be resaved at room temperature at least for seven days.

CONCLUSIONThe indicators of the method correspond GBZ/T 210.4-2008«Guide for establishing occupational health standards-Part 4: Determination methods of air chemicals in workplace». It is a good method to determine phosphorus oxychloride in the air of workplace.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Ions ; analysis ; Phosphorus Compounds ; analysis ; Workplace

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the uncertainty of measurement result of urinary fluoride and to provide quality assurance for determinations.

METHODThe investigation was conducted, according with principles and methods for uncertainty evaluation.

RESULTSThe uncertainty of the combined standard of present method was 2.86 %. For the sample containing 4.47 mg/L urinary fluoride, the expanded uncertainty was 0.26 mg/L.

CONCLUSIONThe uncertainty of the present method was mainly from the sample repeatability, the preparation of standard solution, the linearity of the calibration curve and instruments and so on.

Fluorides ; urine ; Ion-Selective Electrodes ; standards ; Quality Control ; Uncertainty ; Urinalysis ; methods

ObjectiveTo analyze and evaluate the responsiveness and feasibility of the quality of life instrument for patients with systemic lupus erythematos(SLE).Methods143 cases of SLE patients were measured by QLICD-SLE before and after treatment and the data were analyzed with the traditional hypothesis test and combining the effect size,standardized response mean,the relative efficiency,the standard effect size and the feasibility analysis methods.Results(1)Paired t test before and after treatment indicated that there were significant differences between after treatment and before treatment in physical(t=2.39,P<0.05) and specific module domain(t=2.22,P<0.05),while there were no significant promotion in the scores of psychological function,social function and total score after treatment.There were no significant changes of SES,SRM and CR after treatment.(2)Most patients could understand the meaning of the instrument well and spent 15-20 minutes to finish it.The rate of recovery and completed were 98.0% and 97.8% respectively.ConclusionsThe QLICD-SLE can detect clinical change of treatment with good responsiveness and feasibility.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of Ghrelin and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in the serum and the intestinal tissue of sepsis model rats, and to evaluate the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST36) on the expression of HMGB1 and Ghrelin.

METHODSForty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, i.e., the sham-operation (sham), the cecal ligation and puncture group (CLP), the CLP + EA at Zusanli (ST36) group (EA), and the CLP + Ghrelin receptor blocking agent + EA group (GHSRA), 12 in each group. A sepsis rat model was prepared by CLP. The incision of the abdominal wall was immediately sutured along the ventral midline for rats in the Sham group. In the EA group EA at Zusanli (ST36) was performed 20 min after CLP surgery with the constant voltage (2 - 100 Hz, 2 mA) for 30 min. In the GHSRA group, Ghrelin receptor blocking agent, [D-Arg1, D-Phe5, D-Trp79, Leu11]-substance P (700 nmol/kg), was administered through intravenous injection immediately after CLP, and 20 min later, EA at Zusanli (ST36) was performed in the same way as for rats in the EA group. Blood samples were withdrawn 12 h after CLP. The serum levels of Ghrelin and HMGB1 were detected using ELISA. Ghrelin expressions and the number of Ghrelin immunopositive cell in the jejunum were determined by immunohistochemistry. HMGB1 contents of the jejunum tissue were detected by Western blotting.

RESULTSCompared with the Sham group, the number of serum immunopositive cells and the expression of HMGB1 in the jejunum tissue significantly increased and levels of Ghrelin and the expression rate of immunopositive cells significantly decreased in the CLP group (P < 0.05). Compared with the CLP group, the number of serum immunopositive cells and the expression of HMGB1 in the jejunum tissue significantly decreased, but levels of Ghrelin and the expression rate of immunopositive cells significantly increased in the EA group (P < 0.05). Compared with the EA group, the number of serum immunopositive cells and the expression of HMGB1 in the jejunum tissue significantly increased in the GHSRA group (P < 0.05), but there was no statistical difference in levels of Ghrelin between the two groups (P > 0.05). The serum level of HMGB1 was negatively correlated with Ghrelin in the Sham group, the CLP group, and the EA group (r = -0. 528, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSEA at Zusanli (ST36) could inhibit the expression of HMGB1 in the jejunum of septic rats, and promote the expression of Ghrelin. The expression of HMGB1 was inhibited by Ghrelin receptor blocking agent, which suggested that the anti-inflammation of EA at Zusanli (ST36) might be associated with Ghrelin.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroacupuncture ; Ghrelin ; metabolism ; HMGB1 Protein ; metabolism ; Jejunum ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sepsis ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo establish a gas chromatographic method for detecting 2-butoxy ethanol in the air of workplaces.

METHODSAfter the air samples were collected with activated carbon tubes and desorbed with methylene chloride/methanol, the target toxicant was separated with FFAP capillary columns and detected with flame ionization detector, qualified by retention time and quantified by peak area.

RESULTSThe linear range of 2-butoxy ethanol in air of workplace was 56.3 ∼ 901.0 µg/ml, the correlation coefficient was 09999. The limit of detection was 2.0 µg/ml. The limit of quantity was 5.0 µg/ml. The minimal detecting concentration was 0.27 mg/m(3) in the condition of 7.5L sampling volume and 1ml desorbed volume. Relative standard deviation was 3.04% ∼ 7.93% and the recovery was 92.7% ∼ 95.5%.

CONCLUSIONIn present study the detecting method with high sensitivity, precision and accuracy can be used to determine 2-butoxy ethanol in the air of workplaces.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Ethylene Glycols ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective To compare the diagnostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and 64 multi-slice spiral CT (64-MSCT) for coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Fifty-two patients with suspected or known CAD were included in the study. Each patient underwent both stress and rest MPI,MSCT as well as conventional coronary angiography (CAG) within 1 month. The stress and rest MPI were scored by a 5-grade criteria (0 ～ 4) based on 17 coronary artery segments. The difference between summed stress and rest scores ＞ 1 was defined as myocardial ischemia. Stenosis in one main vessel or one main branch of the main vessel ≥50% was defined as myocardial ischemia by MSCT. CAG was used as the reference for comparison. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13. 0 software. Kappa value was used to test the accordance of MPI and MSCT results. X2 test was used to evaluate the difference between MPI and MSCT results. Results The patient-based sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of MPI and MSCT for the diagnosis of CAD were 86.7% (26/30), 77.3% ( 17/22),83.9% (26/31), 81.0% ( 17/21), 82.7% (43/52) and 83.3% ( 25/30), 86.4% ( 19/22), 89.3%( 25/28), 79.2% ( 19/24), 84.6% (44/52), respectively. The vessel-based sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of MPI and MSCT were 74.5% (38/51), 81.0% (85/105 ), 65.5% (38/58), 86.7% ( 85/98), 78.8% ( 123/156 ) and 90.2% (46/51 ), 88.6% ( 93/105 ),79.3 % (46/58), 94.9% (93/98), 89.1% ( 139/156), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between MPI and MSCT for either patient or lesion-based diagnosis (X2 =0.44, 0.21, both P ＞0.05 ). 96.0% (24/25) patients with both abnormal MPI and MSCT positive were valified by CAG while 83.3% (15/18) patients with both MPI and MSCT negative were excluded by CAG. Conclusions Both MPI and MSCT are reliable diagnostic modalities for CAD. They also provide complementary diagnostic value to each other.

OBJECTIVETo test the corrosion behavior of three kinds of dental casting alloys and to investigate the effect of the released metal ions on the DNA damage of dog buccal mucosal cells.

METHODSThree kinds of frequently used dental casting alloys were used to make full crowns for dogs. The concentration of the released metal ions was measured after the restoration of 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months and 3 months. The DNA damage of buccal mucosal cells was studied by the method of SCGE.

RESULTSThe metal ions released from NiCr and NiCrBe were detected in buccal mucosal cells while the amount of the ions released from noble alloy (gold 58%) was too small to be detected. The DNA damage of mucosal cells increased after restoration of NiCr and NiCrBe crowns.

CONCLUSIONThe noble alloy (gold 58%) is most corrosion resistant of the three alloys and has good biocompatibility. The NiCr and NiCrBe are prone to corrode and have cytotoxicity to cells.

Alloys ; Animals ; Corrosion ; Crowns ; DNA Damage ; Dental Alloys ; Dogs ; Gold ; Ions ; Mouth Mucosa