Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Cell Death ; Genetic Vectors ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Interleukins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Catalytic ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Botulinum Toxins ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Female ; Head ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; surgery ; Otolaryngology ; methods ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE:To study the mechanism of improvement effects of exenatide on mitochondrial function of H9c2 cells under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) condition. METHODS:H9c2 cells were cultured in vitro and were divided into blank control group,drug control group(exenatide 200 nmol/L),model group(H/R),pretreatment group(exenatide 200 nmol/L+H/R),gluca-gon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) inhibitor [Exendin-(9-39) 100 nmol/L+exenatide 200 nmol/L+H/R], cAMP inhibitor (Rp-cAMPS 1 μmol/L+exenatide 200 nmol/L+H/R)group and PKA inhibitor(H-895 μmol/L+exenatide 200 nmol/L+H/R)group. Except for first 2 groups,H/R model was established in other groups,and they were given exenatide 30 min before modeling and relevant inhibitor 10 min before giving exenatide. Morphology of mitochondria was observed by TEM,and mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+m)and the mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm)were determined by flow cytometry. Cellular ATP content was measured by microplate reader. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group, mitochondrial cristae swelling was enhanced in model group,while density decreased,showing vacuolization;Ca2+m level increased while ΔΨm and ATP decreased (P<0.05). Com-pared with model group,mitochondrial cristae swelling relieved in pretreatment group,while density increased,showing vacuoliza-tion relieved;Ca2+m level decreased,while ΔΨm and ATP increased(P<0.05). Compared with pretreatment group,the levels of Ca2+m increased in 3 kinds of inhibitors group,while ΔΨm and ATP decreased(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Exenatide attenuates H9c2 cell mitochondria Ca2+m accumulation,increases ΔΨm and ATP production. Which indicate its mechanism may be associated with activating GLP-1R/cAMP/PKA pathway.

Objective To quantitatively evaluate the left ventricular systolic synchrony in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE). Methods Thirty patients with CRF and twenty-five normal subjects were enrolled in this study.The M-mode ejection fraction (M-EF), left ventricular end diastolic internal diameter (LVIDd), interventricular septum diameter (IVSd), left ventricular posterior wall diameter (LVPWd) were obtained on two-dimension. The global and regional volume-time curves were obtained on three -dimensional. The end diastolic volume (LVEDV),end systolic volume (LVESV) and ejection fraction (LVEF) of left ventricule, the time to minimal systolic volume (Tmsv) of 16,12,6-segmental standard deviation (Tmsv16, 12, 6-SD), maximal difference (Tmsv16, 12, 6-Dif) were derived from Qlab software . The above parameters as a percentage of the cardiac cycle with different heart rates between patients were also calculated from the Qlab software, which were Tmsv16, 12, 6-SD% and Tmsv16, 12, 6-Dif %, rspectively. Results The indices of HR, LVIDd, IVSd, LVPWd and LVESV were significantly higher while LVEF was significantly lower in the CRF group than those of the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01); The indices of systolic asynchrony of Tmsv16,12-SD%, Tmsv16,12-Dif, Tmsv16 ,12 ,6-SD/R-R%,Tmsv16,12,6-Dif/R-R% were significantly larger in the CRF group than those of the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions RT-3DE provides a simple, intuitional and noninvasive approach to assess the systolic synchrony of all the LV segments simultaneously and LVEF in patients with chronic renal failure.

Objective To explore the method of endovascular therapy for complicated aortic dissections.(Methods) The clinical data of 25 patients with complicated aortic dissections were analysed retrospectively.Results The patients′ ages ranged from 31-72 years with a mean of 50.2 years.Among the 25 cases,6 cases had severe ischemia of mesenteric artery,5 cases had renal artery ischemia,4 cases had severe(ischemia) of both legs,3 cases had renal arteries ischemia combined with superior mesenteric artery ischemia,2 had complicated aortic dissection combined with AAA,and in 5 cases the true aortic lumen was totally(compressed) by the false aneurysmal lumen.All patients underwent endovascular therapy,and the instant(technique) was successfully performed in all patients.Endoleak occurred in 3 cases after the stent-graft(deployment),it stopped spontaneously in 2 of them 7 days later,and 1 case with endoleak waiting for(treatment).In the other 22 patients,angiography after the operation showed that all the diseased area were sealed completely,and the viscera arterial blood supply was restored mainly via the true lumen.All the(patients) were cured and discharged.Conclusions In the management of complicated aortic dissections,(endoluminal) technique is simple,less traumatic,safe and has less complications as compared to the traditional operation.Improvement of the endoluminal technique is essential for successful treatment of these complicated cases.

BACKGROUND: Edaravone can alleviate brain injury and improve neurological functions and symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of edaravone on the p38Mitogen-activated protein kinases/Caspase-3 (p38MAPK /Caspase-3) pathway after diffuse brain injury (DBI) in rats. METHODS: DBI models were established according to the description of Marmarou's method. A total of 250 rats were divided (random number) into four groups: control group (CG, n=45), model group (MG, n=77), low-dose edaravone group (n=67, dosage 5 mg/kg) and high-dose edaravone group (n=61, dosage 10 mg/kg). After 1, 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours after injury, brain tissues were collected. The changes of neuron morphous in the hippocampal region were observed through Nissl staining. The expression levels of phosphorylated p38MAPK and caspase-3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting respectively. Learning and memory function were tested with Morris water maze from the 3rd to 7th day after injury. RESULTS: Some neurons had histopathologic changes of necrosis and apoptosis in the model group compared with the control group. The phosphorylated p38MAPK expressions increased at 1, 6, 4, and 48 hours (P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed at 72 hours (0.54±0.19 vs. 0.40±0.14, P>0.05). Caspase-3 expressions increased at 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours respectively (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference at 1 hour (0.59±0.29 vs. 0.40±0.17, P>0.05). From the 3rd to 6th day during the Morris water maze test, the latency to find the platform was significantly prolonged (P<0.05) and times of rats crossing the platform was decreased on the 7th day (2.28±1.18 vs. 8.20±1.52, P<0.05). The phosphorylated p38MAPK expressions decreased at 6, 24 and 48 hours respectively in the low dose edaravone group compared with the model group (P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was seen at 1 hour (1.66±0.80 vs. 1.85±0.86, P>0.05). Caspase-3 expression decreased at 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours (P<0.05). The latency to find the platform was significantly shortened (P<0.05), and times of rats crossing the platform increased (4.17±1.15 vs. 2.28±1.18, P<0.05). The above mentioned parameters changed more significantly in the high-dose edaravone group than in the low-dose edaravone group. CONCLUSION: Edaravone can alleviate brain tissue damage after DBI, inhibit p38MAP signal activation after early injury, reduce the expression of caspase-3, and promote the recovery of neurological function in the late period.

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy of intracoronary nitroglycerin and verapamil for patients with the coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP).

METHODSSixty-four patients with CSFP without stenotic lesions during diagnostic coronary angiography were enrolled and divided into the nitroglycerin group (n = 35) and verapamil group (n = 29), 29 patients with normal coronary flow served as normal control. CSFP was defined when 4 or more heart beats were needed for contrast media to opacify the distal vasculature. Intracoronary injection of 100 - 400 microg nitroglycerin or verapamil through the diagnostic catheter was applied to patients with CSFP to improve coronary flow. The coronary blood flow was evaluated by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (TFC) method.

RESULTSClinical characteristics were similar among the three groups. The basic TFCs of left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex artery (LCX) and right coronary artery (RCA) were 78.3 +/- 19.4, 57.2 +/- 14.6, 56.9 +/- 12.5 in the verapamil group, and were 70.8 +/- 21.7, 55.3 +/- 12.5, 51.1 +/- 15.4 in the nitroglycerin group, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal controls (LAD 29.2 +/- 4.4, LCX 23.1 +/- 3.5 and RCA 19.7 +/- 1.8, respectively). After the administration of drugs, the TFCs of LAD, LCX and RCA were 42.3 +/- 8.9, 36.7 +/- 6.8, 30.3 +/- 5.9 respectively (all P < 0.01 vs. baseline) in the nitroglycerin group and 37.7 +/- 9.3, 31.5 +/- 11.3, 24.6 +/- 4.4 respectively (all P < 0.01 vs. baseline) in the verapamil group. The TFCs after drug administration in both therapy groups were significantly higher than that in normal controls (all P < 0.05). The TFCs decrease in the verapamil group were more significant than that in the nitroglycerin group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIntracoronary administration of verapamil could result in more coronary flow improvement in patients with CSFP than nitroglycerin, although the post therapy coronary flow was still slower than normal.

Adult ; Aged ; Coronary Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitroglycerin ; therapeutic use ; No-Reflow Phenomenon ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Verapamil ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo investigate the predictive factors and the best prognostic parameter of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS).

METHODS71 patients with cirrhosis who underwent HRS were included for multivariate Cox regression analysis. 35 possible predictive factors that included clinical and biochemical features contributing to the survival of these patients were analyzed.

RESULTSOnly Child-Pugh's score at the time of diagnosis was the only dependent risk factor of HRS, RR=1.333, 95% CI (1.026, 1.731).

CONCLUSIONChild-Pugh's score at the time of diagnosis of HRS is the best parameter for predicting the clinical outcome of HRS.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hepatorenal Syndrome ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Survival Rate

The prevalence of thyroid cancer has shown an upward trend in China in recent years. Advances in thyroid ultrasound and fine needle puncture cytology have improved the accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Also,the application of endoscopy-assisted techniques and intraoperative nerve monitoring technology and the further understanding of thyroid lymph node metastasis have made the thyroid surgeries safer and less invasive. This article summarizes the recent advances in the surgical therapy of thyroid cancer.
Carcinoma, Papillary ; surgery ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; therapeutic use ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy

Objective To study the effect of ulinastatin on no reflow or slow flow in the infarct related artery in patient with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary interventional therapy (PCI).Methods 180 STEMI patients were divided into the control group (n=100) and the ulinastatin treatment group (n=80).The control group received conventional PCI treatment and the treatment group received conventional PCI treatment plus ulinastatin. The level of serum inflammatory factors IL-6,IL-10,superoxide converting enzyme,the infarct related coronary artery reperfusion TIMI flow grade (TFG) and myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG),the results of postoperative cardiac ultrasound examination and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the level of IL-6 was decreased,while the levels of IL-10 and superoxide converting enzyme were increased significantly in the ulinastatin treatment group(P<0.05).The TFG and TMPG of the infarct related vessels were increased significantly in the ulinastatin treatment group. The left ventricular end diastolic diameter[(54.6 ± 5.2 mm vs. (50.4±4.6) mm,P=0.046)]and left ventricular ejection fraction [(58.4±10.2) % vs. (62.2±9.8) % P=0.048] showed statistical difference between the two groups.Compared to the control,the major cardiovascular event rate of the treatment group during hospitalization (1% vs. 5%, P=0.038), after one month (1.2% vs. 3%,P=0.046) and 6 months (3% vs 12%,P=0.018) were all significantly lower .There was no significant difference in mortality between the 2 groups.Conclusion Ulinastatin may lower the incidence of no flow and slow flow after emergency PCI,improve heart function and the lower the rates of MACE.