Animals ; Male ; Methyl Chloride ; therapeutic use ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; poisoning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Humans ; Infant ; Inpatients ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; etiology ; mortality ; therapy ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Ginkgo biloba ; Glutathione ; analysis ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Paraquat ; toxicity ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Poisoning ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Superoxide Dismutase ; analysis ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the scope and degree of short-term adverse reactions of peginterferon alfa-2a in treatment of chronic hepatitis in adults and children to provide basis for anti-viral treatment in clinical practice. Methods A prospective study was conducted in adults and children with chronic hepatitis treated with pegintefferen aifa-2a. Meanwhile, the reactions in the patients were recorded with a table designed by ourselves and statistically analyzed. Results The short-term adverse reactions included increase in body temperature and aching pain in joints and muscles. The increase in body temperature was the major reaction and accounted for 54.11%. The increase in body temperature began to appear in 47.6% of the patients. The body temperature was 37.3℃-38.9℃ in most of the patients and mediate and low increase was found in 85.4% of the patients, which was decreased to 70% in the 4th week. However, the percentage of patients with high temperature was increased from 14.5% in the 1st week to 30% in the 4th week. The increase of body temperature began to appear in 9-12 h and 3-5 h after injection of peginterferon alfa-2a in the 1st and later, respectively. The duration of fever was 3-4 h in most of the patients. It appeared once in 1 week after the rejection in most of the patients. For management of fever, coohng with medication was conducted in 45.5% of the patients. Conclusion The short-term adverse reactions in patients with chronic hepatitis treated with pegintefferon alfa-2a include the increase in body temperature etc. The severity of the adverse reactions gradually reduces with continuation of the treatment. Of the adverse reactions, the increase in body temperature is the major (47.6%) and others only account for 1%- 16.9%. The increase in body temperature is mainly transient and no management is needed in 50% of the patients. Since the "ladder-type" dose-adding method is used for administration of peginterferon alfa-2a in group of patients, the adverse reactions is low in number and mild in degree.

OBJECTIVETo investigate NF-kappaB activity and the expression of phosphorylated p38 MAPK protein in lung tissue of acute paraquat poisoned rats and the effect of MT.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: poisoned group, MT group and control group. On the 1st, the 3rd, the 7th and the 14th day after exposure, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were detected, NF-kappaB activity in the lung tissues was assessed by electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA), the expression of the phosphorylated p38 MAPK was evaluated by Western blot method, the lung pathological changes of rats were observed.

RESULTSThe level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum increased significantly in poisoned group on the 1st day (4.45 +/- 1.23), the 3rd day (3.77 +/- 1.12) and the 7th day (2.84 +/- 0.96) nmol/ml compared with that in control group (1.36 +/- 0.52) nmol/ml (P < 0.01). There was a significant decrease in MT group on the 1st day (2.68 +/- 0.85), the 3rd day (1.97 +/- 0.74) and the 7th day (1.53 +/- 0.62) nmol/ml compared with poisoned group (P < 0.05). The expression of the phosphorylated p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB activity in lung tissue of poisoned group significantly increased compared with control group (P < 0.01). There was a significant decrease in NF-kappaB activity and expression of the phosphorylated p38 MAPK in the lung tissues in MT group compared with poisoned group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNF-kappaB and p38 MAPK could play an important role in lung injury of poisoned rats. MT may inhibit the expression of NF-kappaB and phosphorylated p38 MAPK, and therefore might have the therapeutical effect on acute paraquat poisoning.

Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Phosphorylation ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

AIMTo study the MS/MS fragmentation mechanism of Taxol, and based on it to establish HPLC-ESI-MS/MS technique to separate and identify Taxol in the crude extracts of Taxus cuspidata and its callus culture, consequently to provide a fast and credible method for the analysis of Taxol in natural products.

METHODSOptimized the HPLC-ESI-MS/MS parameters for the sample analysis, and then discussed the ionization and cleavage mechanism of Taxol in ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS, finally identified the Taxol in the samples with retention time, molecular weight and MS/MS spectra.

RESULTSElucidated the MS/MS fragmentation mechanism of Taxol, and developed HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method to analyze Taxol in the two samples.

CONCLUSIONThe HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method is rapid, highly sensitive and specific, so it is suitable for the separation and identification of Taxol in natural products.

Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Paclitaxel ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Taxus ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of therapy of clearing heat,percolating dampness and lowering turbidity combined with Silibin Meglumine Tablets in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)patients with abnormal alanine aminotransferase(ALT)level of damp-heat accumulation type.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.According to the medication,80 patients with NASH with abnormal ALT level of damp-heat accumulation type were divided into control group and observation group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with Silibin Meglumine Tablets,and the observation group was treated with therapy of clearing heat,percolating dampness and lowering turbidity on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment covered 12 weeks.The changes of liver function indicators of ALT,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT),blood lipid indicators of total cholesterol(CHOL)and triglyceride(TRIG),and the degree of hepatic steatosis in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.After treatment,the clinical efficacy and safety of the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)After 12 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 95.00%(38/40),and that of the control group was 77.50%(31/40).The curative effect of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the levels of ALT,AST and GGT in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of ALT,AST and GGT in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the levels of CHOL and TRIG in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of CHOL and TRIG in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the degree of hepatic steatosis in the two groups was significantly lower than that before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of the degree of hepatic steatosis in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(5)During the treatment,no obvious adverse reactions occurred in the two groups,indicating high safety.Conclusion The therapy of clearing heat,percolating dampness and lowering turbidity combined with Silibin Meglumine Tablets exerts certain effect in the treatment of NASH patients with abnormal ALT level of damp-heat accumulation type,and the therapy can significantly enhance the clinical efficacy of Silibin Meglumine Tablets alone for NASH.

Objective To investigate the compliance and medication satisfaction in patients who received antiviral therapy.Methods Chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C patients who had antiviral therapy from January 2008 to May 2011 in Center of Diagnosis,Treatment and Research for Teenagers Liver disease,302 Mihtary Hospital of China were chosen,and their compliance,medication satisfaction and reasons of bad treatment compliance werc investigated.Results Among chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C patients who received antiviral therapy,82.80％ had good compliance,in which,91.86％ of hepatitis C patients and 80.57％ of hepatitis B had good compliance.Hepatitis C patients were better than hepatitis B patients in compliance,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =6.177 3,P ＜ 0.05).The medication satisfaction of hepatitis B patients who had good compliance was lower than that of hepatitis C patients [(58.38 ±9.17) vs (59.62 ± 9.81)],and the difference was statistically significant (t =-1.050 1,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Treatment compliance and medication satisfaction degree are not as good as expected in patients who receive antiviral therapy,which are due to side effects of drugs,low therapeutic efficacy,lacking of medication monitoring and mistaken understanding of the diseases.

Objective To determine whether the combination of traditional risk factors and quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) assessment could provide accurate prognostic information on a population-based study including 1137 adults with subclinical artherosclerosis and with coronary risk factors. Methods Participants underwent coronary angiography examination before the minimal stenotic diameters, segment diameters, percent stenosis, plaque areas. Other parameters were analyzed by the computer-assisted Coronary Angiography Analysis System. The Framingham Risk Score for each participant was assessed. During the 1 year follow-up period, all kinds of endpoint cardiovascular events were screened. Endpoint events were defined as death from coronary heart disease, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) or unstable angina pectoris. Results During the 1 year of follow-up period, a total of 124 participants developed an endpoint event, which was significantly associated with the Framingham Risk Score, calcium of plaques and the plaque areas (all Ps＜0.05).The QCA score incorporated with the QCA parameters was related to the endpoint events. The Framingham Risk Score was combined with QCA score through logistic regression for prediction of end-point events. Data from the ROC analysis showed the accuracy of this prediction algorithm was superior to the accuracy when variables themselves were used. The event-free survival rate was inferior to the control group in participates under high risk, when being screened with this prediction algorithm (P＜0.05). Conclusion The risk of cardiovascular attack in subclinical artherosclerosis individual seemed to be associated with the Framingham Risk Score, calcium of plaques and the plaque areas. When the traditional risk factors (the Framingham Risk Score) were combined with QCA, the new method could provide more prognostic information on those adults with subclinical artherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVETo identify zebrafish mutants with myelopoiesis defects by ENU mutagenesis and large-scale forward genetic screening.

METHODSMale zebrafish were mutagenized with N-ethyl N-nitrosourea to induce mutations in the spermatogonial cells to generate the founders, which were outcrossed with AB to raise F1 fish. The F1 fish from different founders were mated to generate the F2 families. The F3 embryos from F2 sibling crosses were screened by Sudan black B staining and neutral red staining.

RESULTSA total of 350 F2 families from F1 sibling crosses were screened, and 1424 F2 crosses were analyzed. Six mutations were identified resulting in abnormal Sudan black B staining and neutral red staining, indicating the involvement of neutrophil deficiency or macrophage abnormalities.

CONCLUSIONIt is simple and cheap to induce and screen myelopoiesis deficiency in zebrafish by ENU chemical mutagenesis and Sudan black B staining and neutral red staining. These mutants shed light on the identification of the genes important to myelopoiesis in zebrafish.

Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; genetics ; Genetic Testing ; Male ; Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; Myeloid Progenitor Cells ; physiology ; Myelopoiesis ; genetics ; Zebrafish ; genetics