Based on vector auto-regression (VAR) model, this paper takes advantage of Granger causality test, variance decomposition and impulse response analysis techniques to carry out a comprehensive study of the factors influencing the price of Chinese herbal, including herbal cultivation costs, acreage, natural disasters, the residents' needs and inflation. The study found that there is Granger causality relationship between inflation and herbal prices, cultivation costs and herbal prices. And in the total variance analysis of Chinese herbal and medicine price index, the largest contribution to it is from its own fluctuations, followed by the cultivation costs and inflation.
Agriculture ; economics ; Commerce ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; economics ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Regression Analysis

Phospholipid fatty acids are the major constituents of the membranes of all living cells, and different groups of microorganism synthesize a variety of PLFA through various biochemical pathways. Several PLFAs can be used as "signatures" to analyze changes in microbial biomass and microbial communities structure. More and more PLFA method was used in soil microbial analysis. This article briefly reviewed the applications of PLFA methods in soil microbial analysis.

Objective To systematically review the efficacy and tolerance of levofloxacin-based rescue regimens for H.pylori eradication failures.Methods A search of Medline,Embase,Cinahl, CBM-disc was performed.Randomized controlled trials comparing levofloxacin-based triple therapy with bismuth-based quadruple therapy were selected for meta-analysis.Assessment of study quality and ex- tracting data to calculate eradication rate and side effect rate.Results Seven randomized controlled stud- ies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited.Ten-day levofloxacin-based triple therapy was more effective(86.9% vs 61.8% P

Objective To evaluate the effect of 36-neuro-motorial examination on early diagnosis of children with cerebral palsy within 1 year-old.Methods36-neuro-motorial examination was analysed in 210 children with cerebral palsy from 2 to 12 months. Results4-29 items reflecting the abnormity of reflex, muscle tone, posture and motion were observeed in patients with cerebral palsy.If these abnormities were laid according as frequency among 2-6 months,reflex abnormities are knee tendon reflex, palmar grasp reflex,Babinski sign,asymmetrical tonic neck reflex,ankle clonus,sitting equilibrium reflex,stepping reflex,crossed extension reflex,tonic labyrinthine reflex,trunk incurvation reflex,Moro reflex; posture abnormities are head to back≥15°,from supine to the side position, axillar suspension reflex,posterior neck fovea≥1cm in the supine position,landau reflex,Vojta reflex,traction reflex,tonic torticollis,abnormal spontaneous posture;muscle tone abnormities are foot dorsiflexion angle,scarf sign,tonic palmar grasp,to up the foot heel≥30° in the stand position,thumb decussation to the palm,poples angle,adductor angle,heel-ear angle; others are head cycle≤-2s, squint, active movement attenuation or abnormity, auditory abnormity, visual abnormity, ophthalmodonesis, epilepsy.Conclusions 36-neuro-motorial examination is effective for early diagnosis of cerebral palsy within 1 year.

Objectives To investigate the effect of magnetron sputtered niobium nitride (NbN) on the bonding strength of commercially pure cast titanium (Ti) and low-fusing porcelain (Ti/ Vita titankeramik system).Methods Sixty Ti specimens were randomly divided into four groups, group Tl, T2, T3 and T4.All specimens of group Tl and T2 were first treated with 120 μm blasted Al2O3 particles, and then only specimens of group T2 were treated with magnetron sputtered NbN film.All specimens of group T3 and T4 were first treated with magnetron sputtered NbN film and then only specimens of group T4 were treated with 120 μm blasted Al2O3 particles.The composition of the deposits were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD).A universal testing machine was used to perform the three-point bending test to evaluate the bonding strength of Ti and porcelain.The microstructure of NbN, the interface of Ti-porcelain and the fractured Ti surface were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy depressive spectrum (EDS) , and the results were compared.Results The XRD results showed that the NbN deposits were cubic crystalline phases.The bonding strength of Ti and porcelain in Tl to T4 group were (27.2±0.8) , (43.1±0.6) , (31.4±1.0) and (44.9±0.6) MPa.These results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and differences between groups were compared using least significant difference test Significant inter-group differences were found among all groups (P<0.05).The results of SEM showed that with treatment of Al2O3 or NbN, alone, pre-cracks were found in the interface of Ti-porcelain, while samples treated with both Al2O3 and NbN had better bond.EDS of Ti-porcelain interface showed oxidation occurred in T1, T2 and T3, but was well controlled in T4.Conclusions Magnetron sputtered NbN can prevent Ti from being oxidized, and can improve the bonding strength of Ti/Vita titankeramik system.Al2O3 blast can also improve the bonding strength of Ti/Vita titankeramik system.

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is characterized hy the secretion of calcitonin that is derived from parafollicular cells.20％-25％ of MTC are hereditary.Compared with other types of thyroid cancer,MTC is prone to recurrence,metastasis,and younger onset age.RET gene germline mutation accounts for the hereditary MTC,and somatic mutation is responsible for part of sporadic cases.A good correlation between phenotype and genotype is reported.We present in this article a case of medullary thyroid cancer patient with genetic diagnosis and treatment as well as postoperative follow-up together with RET gene screening results in her family members in order to call attention to the diagnosis and treatment of MTC.

Objective To analyze clinical charaCteristics and diagnostic experience on thyrotropinoma (TSHoma).Methods Clinical characteristics,laboratory findings,diagnostic experience,and surgical outcome were summarized from 16 cases of TSHoma in our hospital from January 2006 to September 2011.Results ( 1 )Among 16 cases ( 9 male,7 female ) aged ( 51.63 ± 13.23 ) years,14 ( 87.5 ％ ) cases presented with hyperthyroidism and 2 were diagnosed by physical examination. None of them had exophthalmos, acropachy, or pre-tibial myxedema.( 2 ) Serum FT4 and FT3 levels were all above normal range with serum TSH ( 4.37 ± 2.77 ) μIU/ml.There were 25％ (4/16) cases with positive serum thyroglobulin antibody and/or thyroid peroxidase antibody,none with positive TSH receptor antibody.TRH stimulating test was performed in 9 cases,3 were with positive response ( peak TSH level increased by 5.45-9.20 μIU/ml compared with baseline),and 6 without response (peak TSH level increased by -0.01-3.15 μIU/ml compared with baseline).TSH was suppressed to 27.15％ (5.19％-99.15 ％ ) of the baseline in 11 cases in which somatostatin suppression test was carried out.Prolactin and insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ levels were increased in 2 cases.MRI performed in 15 patients showed 10 cases of microadenomas and 5 cases of pituitary adenoma.A mass in nasal cavity was found in one case,where no mass was found in the pituitary.( 3 )Surgery was made in 11 cases ( 9 patients underwent transsphenoidal operation,one craniotomy,and one underwent operation via endoscopic nasal septum ). All patients (11/11) were proved to yield pituitary adenoma pathologically.Conclusion Thyrotropinoma should be considered in hyperthyroidism with unsuppressed TSH level,and dynamic tests facilitated early diagnosis.Ectopic thyrotropinoma shoull be considered when normal pituitary morphology was shown by MRI.

Objective To evaluate the effects of 131 adrenoceptor anfisense on blood pressure and?1 adrenoceptor mRNA and protein levels in 2 kidney 1 clip(2K1C)rats.Method 2KIC hypertensive rots were produced by clipping renal artery of SD rats.Liposome/AS-ODNs 2.0 were tested intravenously in rats with 2KIC hypertension.Animals were divided into 5 groups(n=18 in each group):?1-AS-ODN group,?1-IN-ODN group,2K1C group,Sham group and SD group.Blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method,the levels of myocardial?adreneceptor mRNA and protein were tested by RT-PCR and binding assay.Results On the basis of the magnitude and duration of hypotension,?1-AS-ODN decreased blood pressure by 39 mmHg at the most for 4 weeks.Compared with the 2KIC group,?1-AS-ODN did not significantly change the levels of myocardial?1 adrenoceptor mRNA but significantly decreased the levels of myocardial?1 adrenoceptor protein at 2,7,30 days (P

[Summary] Graves'ophthalmopathy ( GO) is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves disease ( GD) . It is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder. The estimated incidence of GO in the general population is 16 women and 3 men per 100,000 population every year. Approximately 3%-5% of patients with GO are exposed to the potential of losing their sight and requiring optimized medical intervention. For the clinicians it is helpful to assess the degree of activity and severity of GO;both are important in deciding whether a patient requires intervention and which type of intervention is indicated. These interventions include management of hyperthyroidism, measures to relieve local symptoms, immunosuppressive therapies for active moderate and severe GO, and finally rehabilitative surgery for inactive patients.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Humans ; Infant ; Inpatients ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; etiology ; mortality ; therapy ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate