AIM: To study the effectiveness of hyaluronidase periocular injection combined with α - lipoic acid and Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic vitreous hemorrhage.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 67 patientswith proliferative diabetic retinophathy ( PDR ) and vitreous hemorrhage, were divided into two groups: treatment group and control group. There were 32 cases in every group, the treatment group were giving hyaluronidase periocular injection combined with α - lipoic acid intravenously and with traditional Chinese medicine in promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, control group were only given Chinese medicine treatment in promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis.
RESULTS: Followed up 2-3mo, the total efficiency of treatment group ( 78%) was better than control group (57%), there was statistically significant difference ( P<0-05 ) . The efficiency of the two groups' patients with vitreous hemorrhage more than 2wk time was 22% and 25% respectively, there was no statistically significant difference in the two groups (P>0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Hyaluronidase periocular injection combined with α-lipoic acid and Chinese medicine in the treatment of PDR combined with vitreous hemorrhageis more effective than only use Chinese medicine. But it only has effect for the early, over 2wk, it has no significant effect.

·Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) are common outer retinal degenerative problems, which are also the predominant causes of most blinding retinal diseases. Retinal prosthesis is a promising solution for such photoreceptor degeneration diseases.Most of current concepts for a retinal prosthesis are based on neuronal electrical stimulation. In the past twenty years, retinal prosthesis has been developed in two different directions: epiretinal prosthesis and subretinal prosthesis. Each prosthesis technique has its advantages and disadvantages. For epiretinal prosthesis, it is easier to be implanted and has the advantage of keeping most of the electronics in the vitreous cavity, off the retinal surface, which greatly helps in dissipating the heat generated by the implant device. In this paper, a brief overview of retinal prostheses concepts is introduced. After that, several important aspects of epiretinal electrical stimulation will be discussed. Moreover, some practical epiretinal prosthesis devices developed by researchers in United States, Germany and Japan in the past have been reviewed. We hope that the devices will be used widely in the near future.

Background Chronic administration with inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (N_?-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester,L-NAME) induces persistent hypertension,cardiovascular remodeling,surrounding vascular fibrosis, necrosis and hypertrophy of myocardium,and inflammation in cardiovascular system.Local RAS involves in hyper- tension and remodeling of cardiovascular system,via increasing production of oxygen free radicals (OFR).Objec- tive To elucidate the preventive and therapeutic effect of antioxidant Ebselen and/or VitE on hypertensive heart damage in NO~- deficient rats induced by L-NAME.Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were administered with L- NAME 50 mg/(kg?d) by gavage for 8 weeks,and randomized to received a placebo(L),or Ebs(S,30 mg/kg?d), or VitE(V,40 mg/kg?d) or Ebs 30 mg/(kg?d)+VitE 40 mg/(kg?d),with 8 normal Wistar as control. Body mass and SBP were measured fortnightly.Plasma and homogenate of heart were collected for NO,Ang Ⅱ, GSH-PX,MDA and O_2~- determination.Results Eight weeks after L-NAME administration,SBP in experimental groups was obviously higher than that of control (P

Objective　To study the effects of irradiation and W11-a12，a kind of repair-promoting drug，on anion-selective channel in membranes of mouse peritoneal macrophage. Methods　The activity of anion-selective channel was recorded from cell-attached patches with patch clamp techniques． Results　The effects of irradiation on anion-selective channel in membranes of peritoneal macrophage included：①decreasing the mean number of activated channels by the presence of zymosan; ②prolonging the mean time from stimulus to the opening of channels; ③depressing the opening of channels by decreasing open-state probability，shortening open-time and prolonging close-time． The effects of irradiation could partly be depressed by W11-a12. Conclusion　Irradiation will depress the anion-selective channel of peritoneal macrophage, which may be an important way to depress the function of macrophage．

Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Personal and Social Performance scale (PSP-CHN) in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Totally 165 out-patients and in-patients meeting the DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia were entered in the study.Ten of subjects was included the intra-rater reliability training.The Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) was regarded as the' gold standard' to investigate the validity of PSP-CHN,and the Positive and Negative Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of disease to explore the correlative validity,in the other 155 subjects.Five to seven days after the first PSP-CHN interview,the second PSP-CHN was evaluated by another investigator to assess the test-retest reliability among 66 subjects.Twenty-seven subjects with the score of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) more than 60 were followed up for 8 weeks of standardized pharmacotherapy.By the end of 8 week of treatment,the PANSS and PSP-CHN were assessed again to explore the sensitivity of PSP-CHN.Results:The internal consistency (Cronbach α=0.84) and the inter-rater reliability (κ value=0.56,ICC=0.94 for PSP-CHN total score) were good.The test-retest reliability was high [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.95].The scale showed good construct validity with statistically significant correlations with the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) (ICC of 0.95).The PSP-CHN score had a good negative correlation with the PANSS total score(r=-0.79,-0.57,-0.63 and -0.71,respectively,P<0.01).After 8 week treatment,PSP-CHN total score was increased with the improvement of PANSS,and the responder showed higher increasing of PSP-CHN total score (21.2) than those partial responder(10.2),significantly.Conclusion:The Chinese version of the PSP-CHN is a convenient and valid instrument to assess the personal and social functions of stabilized and acute patients with schizophrenia.

Picornaviridae 2C gene is relatively conservative,whose encoded protein is a non-structural protein.The 2C protein is in an earlier detection and only can be detected during virus replicatin.The 2C protein has multiple fuctions:the role of AAA+ helicase activity,invasion cells by autophagy pathway,abduction cells on inflammation and apoptosis;the interaction with other proteins such as 2B and 3C that might be induced by 2C protein,which can participate in the pathogenic process in a way.Above all,we mainly outline the reseach advances on Picornaviridae 2C gene and its encoded protein,in order to provide some superficial reference for its further study.

Objective: To investigate the potential value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in predicting the survival of patients with primary tracheal malignant tumors. Materials and Methods: An analysis of FDG PET/CT findings in 37 primary tracheal malignant tumor patients with a median follow-up period of 43.2 months (range, 10.8–143.2 months) was performed. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to assess the associations between quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters, other clinic-pathological factors, and overall survival (OS). A risk prognosis model was established according to the independent prognostic factors identified on multivariate analysis. A survival curve determined by the Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess whether the prognosis prediction model could effectively stratify patients with different risks factors. Results: The median survival time of the 37 patients with tracheal tumors was 38.0 months, with a 95% confidence interval of 10.8 to 65.2 months. The 3-year, 5-year and 10-year survival rate were 54.1%, 43.2%, and 16.2%, respectively. The metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), maximum standardized uptake value, age, pathological type, extension categories, and lymph node stage were included in multivariate analyses. Multivariate analysis showed MTV (p = 0.011), TLG (p = 0.020), pathological type (p = 0.037), and extension categories (p = 0.038) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Additionally, assessment of the survival curve using the Kaplan-Meier method showed that our prognosis prediction model can effectively stratify patients with different risks factors (p < 0.001). Conclusion This study shows that 18F-FDG PET/CT can predict the survival of patients with primary tracheal malignant tumors. Patients with an MTV > 5.19, a TLG > 16.94 on PET/CT scans, squamous cell carcinoma, and non-E1 were more likely to have a reduced OS.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical value of sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma patients with clinically negative neck (cN0) by lymphoscintigraphy method and blue dye.

METHODSForty patients with cN0 laryngeal neoplasms and ten patients with cN0 hypopharyngeal carcinoma scheduled for tumor resection and neck dissection, were eligible for the study. single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT lymphoscintigraphy was performed with injection of radioactivity isotope ⁹⁹Tc(m) labeled sulfur colloid (⁹⁹Tc(m)-SC). Methylthioninium was injected into the same points as ⁹⁹Tc(m)-SC during surgery, and the patients underwent lymphatic mapping with a handheld gamma-detecting probe. All removed lymph nodes were examined by routine histopathology.

RESULTSThirty-five patients with laryngeal carcinoma and six patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma detected SLN by radiolabeled tracer method, the detection rate of SLN was 82.0%. Twenty-nine patients with laryngeal carcinoma and 4 patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma detected SLN by blue dye method, the detection rate of SLN was 66.0%. There were significant difference between two groups (chi² = 2.769, P < 0.05), and the number of SLN were respectively 96 and 83 by radiolabeled tracer method and blue dye (chi² = -2.098, P < 0.05), The sensitivity of SLN detection were respectively 83.3% and 66.7%. Twelve (24.0%) patients had lymph node metastasis.

CONCLUSIONSEither lymphoscintigraphy or blue dye mapping can be used to detect the SLN in cN0 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The lymphoscintigraphy not only preoperatively can locate the accuracy of SLN detection, but also has higher detection rate and sensitivity than dye method.

Aged ; Coloring Agents ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of compound whole grain complex antioxidant chain on oxidative stress to the hyperlipidemia population.

METHODSFrom March 2008 to March 2009, 418 hyperlipemia residents (45 to 75 years of age) of Han group were screened from 3 main districts in Nanjing, according to the community, blood lipids and oxidative indicators, stratified into intervention and control group by quasi-experimental design. The intervention group (212 individuals) were provided with compound whole grain and health education while only health education was provided for the control group (206 individuals). Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and oxidative indicators (including T-AOC, MDA, SOD, GSH-Px) were measured before and after the one-year intervention period. Analyses of the correlation between posture, biochemical markers and oxidative stress indicators before and after intervention were carried out.

RESULTSAfter intervention, BMI ((25.53 ± 2.77) kg/m(2)), WHR (0.82 ± 0.03), TC ((4.60 ± 0.98) mmol/L), TG ((1.26 ± 0.88) mmol/L) in the intervention group were decreased significantly compared to the levels of BMI ((26.60 ± 3.18) kg/m(2)), WHR (0.93 ± 0.05), TC ((4.97 ± 1.02) mmol/L), TG ((1.98 ± 1.11) mmol/L) in the control group (all P values < 0.05); while HDL-C ((1.34 ± 0.26) mmol/L) in the intervention group was increased significantly compared to the level of HDL-C ((1.18 ± 0.17) mmol/L) in the control group (P < 0.05); After intervention, levels of T-AOC (19.52 ± 0.81), SOD ((85.42 ± 21.65) U/ml) and GSH-Px ((128.26 ± 33.65) µmol/L) were increased significantly compared to the levels of T-AOC (11.11 ± 1.30), SOD ((78.68 ± 30.48) U/ml) and GSH-Px ((118.48 ± 24.19) µmol/L) in the control group (all P values < 0.05); while MDA ((1.78 ± 1.16) nmol/ml) decreased significantly compared to the level of MDA ((2.12 ± 1.37) nmol/ml in the control group (P < 0.05); Pearson product moment correlation analysis showed that: T-AOC with TC, TG, BMI showed a negative correlation (r values were -0.258, -0.266, -0.230, respectively, all P values < 0.05), while with HDL-C was a positive correlation (r values was 0.194, P < 0.05); SOD with TC, TG, BMI showed a negative correlation (r values were -0.282, -0.311, -0.217, respectively, all P values < 0.05), while with HDL-C was a positive correlation (r values was 0.169, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompound whole grain could improve lipid metabolism to the hyperlipidemia population. There was a correlation between common human metabolism and the levels of oxidative stress.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antioxidants ; China ; epidemiology ; Diet ; Diet Surveys ; Edible Grain ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Lipid Metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxidative Stress

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical value of radiolabeled tracer method, methylene blue method and combination of these two methods in detection of sentinel lymph node (SLN), and to evaluate the accuracy of SLN in predicting the cervical lymph nodes status in laryngeal carcinoma patients with clinically negative neck lymph nodes (cN0 ).

METHODSForty-one patients with cN0 laryngeal neoplasms underwent SLN detection using both of radiolabeled tracer and methylene blue. SLN imaging was performed with laryngoscope-guided injection of radioactive isotope 99Tc(m)-sulfur colloid (SC) into the laryngeal carcinoma before surgery, then all these patients underwent intraoperative lymphatic mapping with a handheld gamma-detecting probe. After mapping of SLN, methylene blue was subsequently injected at the same spots around the tumor in order to identify SLN during surgery. The results of SLN detection by isotope tracer, dye and combination of both methods were compared.

RESULTSThe SLN detection rates by radiolabeled tracer, methylene blue and combined method were 87.8%, 70.7% and 92.7%, respectively (P < 0.01). The number of detected SLN was significantly different between radiolabeled tracer method and combined method (P < 0.05), and also between blue dye method and combined method (P < 0.01). However, no statistically significant difference was found between methylene blue method and radiolabeled tracer method (P > 0.05). Nine patients were found to have lymph node metastasis by final pathological examination. The sensitivity, accuracy and negative predictive values of SLN detection by the combined method using radiolabeled tracer and methylene blue were 88.9%, 97.4% and 96.7%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe combined method using radiolabeled tracer and methylene blue can improve the accuracy of sentinel lymph node detection. Furthermore, sentinel lymph node detection can accurately predict the cervical lymph node status in cN0 laryngeal carcinoma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Larynx ; Lymph Nodes ; diagnostic imaging ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Methylene Blue ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult