Objective To study the influence of valproate sodium(VPA)on neuroprotective effects of topiramate(TPM).Methods For-ty-eight 3-4 week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 12 rats each.Group A was negative control rats,and groups B-D were rat model of epilepsy,induced by pentylenetetrazol(PTZ).The rats in 2 experimental groups were adminstered intragastrically with TPM 40 mg/kg and TPM 40 mg/kg+ VPA 200 mg/kg;2 control groups(groups A and B)with the equal amount of distilled water administration.After 2-month administration,changes of the behavior,levels of serum neuron-specific enolase(NSE)and the pathological in hippocampus were examined.Results The level of NSE in the group of TPM were significantly lower than that in masculine group,but no difference between masculine group and the TPM plus VPA.The pathological change in hippocampus were abatement in the group of TPM.Conclusion TPM plus high dosage of VPA will impaire the neuroprotective effects of TPM.

Objective To evaluate the association between interleukin-I(IL-1)loci polymorphisms and increased risk of gastric carcinoma in samples from northern Chinese population.Methods Blood sam- ples from 126 patients with gastric cancer and 125 controls with chronic gastritis were collected.Genomic DNA was extracted and polymorphisms at -31(C to T),-511(C to T)and at intron 2(86-bp VNTR)of IL-I RN were genotyped by PCR-CTPP,PCR-RFLP and PCR.For detection of Hp infection fast urenase test,~(14)C breath test and serum anti-Hp IgG antibody assay were used.Results Five kinds of polymorphism of IL-IRN were found as 1/1,1/3,1/4,1/2 and 2/2,and the frequencies in patients were 76.19%、4.76%、6.35%、11.90% and 0.79%,respectively.However,the frequencies in controls were 76.00%、4.00%、4.80%、13.60% and 1.60%.No significant differences were observed between cases and controls in each genotype.The polymorphism of IL-IB-31 allele was C/C,C/T and T/T.The frequencies in patients were 12.70% ,47.62% and 39.68%,and in controls 28.00%,48.80% and 23.20% respectively.IL-1B- 31 T/T carriers were at an increase risk of gastric cancer with an odds ratio of 3.772(95% CI,1.786- 7.966).IL-IB-511 alleles were C/C,C/T and T/T.The frequencies in patients were 19.20%,56.80% and 24.00% and in controls,23.38%,49.19% and 27.42% respectively.No significant differences were observed between cases and controls in each genotype.Conclusion In Chinese population,the polymor- phism of IL-1B-31 alleles may be associated with the susceptibility of gastric cancer.However,no evidence was found to support that the polymorphisms of IL-1RN and IL-I B-511 alleles had relationship with gastric cancer.

Objective To explore protective effect of topiramate (TPM) and folic acid (FA) on mitochondrial damage in hippocampal CA3 neurons during pentylenetetrazol- induced kindling in immature rats.Methods Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) - induced kindling in rats was used to establish rat models of epilepsy.Forty-eight 3-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: two therapy groups with TPM 40 mg/(kg?d) or TPM 40 mg/(kg?d) and FA 5 mg/(kg?d) administration, 2 control groups (positive control group and negative control group) with the equal amount of distilled water administration. The seizure behaviors of rats were evaluated. Two months later, the rats were killed and the brain sections were made. The mitochondrial ultrastructures of neurons in hippocampal CA3 region were observed with transmission electron microscope.Results In the positive control group, the frequency of seizure was (48.4 ? 3.7)times, while in TPM group (44.3 ? 3.1)times and in TPM and FA group(40.8 ? 3 .7)times.The differences were significant among three groups (Pa

Objective To identify the genotypes of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from the First Affiliated Hospital,Shantou University Medical College.Methods The MICs of 10 antibiotics were determined by agar-dilution against the clinical isolates of ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae.PCR were performed with specific primers for blaTEM,blaSHV, blaCTX-M and blaOXA respectively.PCR products were cloned and sequenced.Results The results of PCR showed that a- mong the 83 strains of ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae,75 were positive for blaTEM,41 positive for blaSHV,25 poitive for blaCTX-M,9 positive for hlaOXA.Three genotypes were found in 13 strains(15.7%),2 genotypes in 59 strains (71.1%) and single genotype in only 11 strains(13.2%).The genes of CTX-M-3,TEM-1 and SHV were found co-existent in 9 strains. The strains carrying 2 or 3 ESBL genes were more resistant to antibiotics than those carrying only 1 ESBL gene.Conclusions The genotypes of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in this hospital are blaTEM,blaSHV,blaCTX-M and blaOXA. Most strains carry 2 or 3 ESBL genes.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of different doses of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) and different lacation ways on children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with BTX-A were employed in our study;these patients were performed locations of electromyography (n=60) and reverse stretching hand (n=60), and then, they were equally sub-divided into 6 groups, respectively: receiving injection of BTX-A at doses of 3, 4 and 5 U/kg, respectively (n=20).After injection, they were commenced functional training for 3 months. The gross motor assessment scale (GMFM) was used to assess the motor function of functional areas in these children 3 months after the training. The modified Ashworth scale was used to assess the degree of muscle spasticity. Results The scores of GMFM in patients received treatment with location of electromyography increased as compared with those with reverse stretching hand (P< 0.05), but the scores had no statistically significances among different doses of BTX-A treatment groups (P> 0.05). The Ashwort grade in patients received treatment with location of electromyography alleviated as compared with those with reverse stretching hand (P<0.05), but no statistically significance of grading was noted among different doses of BTX-A treatment groups (P>0.05). Conclusion All parameters in patients received treatment with location of electromyography improve better than those with reverse stretching hand after injection of same dose of BTX-A.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the fruits of Psidum littorale Raddi.METHODS The ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of 90％ ethanol extract from P.littorale were isolated and purified by silica,Sephadex LH-20,D-101 macroporous resin and preparative HPLC column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by spectral data.RESULTS Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as lupeol (1),betulin (2),nigaichigoside F1 (3),2oα-hydroxybetulinic acid (4),(-)-episyringaresinol (5),(+)-syringaresinol (6),(+)-isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-glucopyranoside (7),(7S,8R)-urolignoside (8),benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (9),butanedioic acid (10),β-sitosterol (11),daucosterol (12).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-9 are isolated from genus Psidium for the first time.

Objective To explore effect of fetal lymphocyte on pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP).Methods Twenty pregnant women with ICP and 20 normal pregnant women were enrolled in the study.The single mixed lymphocyte culture/reaction(MLC/MLR)was conducted using inactive lymphocyte obtained from maternal peripheral blood and lymphocyte of cord blood from fetus.Antigen-induced-lymphocyte-proliferation-reaction was used for dermic soluble antigen and decidual soluble antigen obtained from maternal blood and cord blood from fetus.The intense of proliferation was calculated and compared between normal and ICP-complicated pregnancies.Results(1)The level of intense of proliferation of fetal lymphocyte was significantly increased in ICP group 2.75?0.36 than those of normal control group 1.45?0.19 in single mixed lymphocyte culture(P＜0.05).(2)The level of intense of proliferation of fetal lymphocyte was significantly increased in ICP group 1.45?0.19 than those of normal control group 0.67?0.24 in decidual soluble antigen induced lymphocyte proliferation reaction(P＜0.05). (3)The level of intense of proliferation of fetal lymphocyte was significantly increased in ICP group(1.22?0.44)than those of normal control group(0.66?0.27)in dermic soluble antigen induced lymphocyte proliferation reaction.Conclusions(1)The fetal lymphocyte may be one of the effector cells in pathogenesis of ICP.(2)The disturbance of fatal-maternal immune-tolerance is one of the important mechanisms underlying ICP.

Objective　To explore the role of acute infection of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) in respiratory diseases. Methods　Microimmunofluorescence test was used to detect IgG antibodies for Cpn in serum obtained from 93 inpatients and PCR was used to test Cpn in detection of Cpn DNA in throat specimens from 55 of the 99 patients. Results　Acute Cpn infection was diagnosed in 35.5% of the respiratory diseases. Antibodies for Cpn (titer of ≥512) were present in 47.6% of the pneumonia group, which may suggest that during 1998 to 1999, Cpn caused an epidemic in Beijing. They were also present in 50% of asthma group, 50.0% of pulmonary heart disease group and 26.3% of lung cancer group. Only five patients (9.1%) were positive by PCR. There exists discrepancy between serological and PCR results. Conclusion　Detection of IgG antibodies for Cpn conduces to diagnosis of acute Cpn infection and give advice for appropriate therapy.

OBJECTIVETo study the neuroprotective effects of topiramate (TPM) alone or together with folic acid (FA) on young rats with kindling-induced epilepsy.

METHODSRat models of epilepsy were prepared by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling. Seventy-two 3-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: four TPM-treated epilepsy groups (TPM 20, 40 or 80 mg/kg/d and TPM 40 mg/kg/d + FA 5 mg/kg/d), a positive control group (untreated epilepsy group) and a negative control group (normal control group). After two months of administration, behaviors of the rats were recorded; serum levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were measured using ELISA; pathological changes in the hippocampus were observed.

RESULTSThe frequency of convulsion seizures in the 20, 40 and 80 mg TPM treatment and TPM+FA groups was 44.7 +/- 2.9, 44.3 +/- 3.1, 42.7 +/- 3.2, and 40.8 +/- 3.7 respectively, which were significantly lower than that in the positive control group (48.4 +/- 3.7) (P <0.01). Twenty, forty and eighty mg TPM treatment and TPM+FA treatment significantly reduced NSE levels from 35.71 +/- 5.97 microg/L of the control group to 27.40+/- 6.40, 24.79 +/- 6.22, 21.47 +/- 6.87 and 22.55 +/- 7.02 microg/L respectively (P <0.05). Neuronal apoptosis in the CA3 and CA1 regions were alleviated in the four TPM treatment groups compared with positive control. The number of necrotic neurons was progressively reduced with the increased dose of TPM. The 40 mg TPM+FA treatment group showed less necrotic neurons in the CA3 and CA1 regions than the 40 mg TPM alone treatment group.

CONCLUSIONSTPM has protective effects against epilepsy-induced neuronal damage. The effect is dose-dependent. A combination of TPM and FA can produce a synergistic effect.

Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epilepsy ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Folic Acid ; pharmacology ; Fructose ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Kindling, Neurologic ; drug effects ; Male ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo seek a safe, efficient, and cost-effective technique for local thermo-ablation of hepatic cancer.

METHODSThe livers from 16 healthy rabbits were thermocoagulated by diode-laser with scanner fiber tip, 6 w for 10 mins. At the same time, the temperatures were measured at 0, 5 and 10 mm from laser tip. The pre-thermocoagulative liver function was compared with that of 7 days post-thermocoagulation. The pathologic changes were also observed 1 month after laser thermocoagulation.

RESULTSAll the rabbits survived and hepatic tissue temperatures at 0, 5, 10 mm from laser tip reached 96.39 degrees C +/- 3.97 degrees C, 60.79 degrees C +/- 6.21 degrees C, 46.10 degrees C +/- 4.58 degrees C respectively after 10 minutes of thermocoagulation. There were no significant differences in liver function parameters between rabbits of pre-laser thermocoagulation and of post-laser thermocoagulation. Thermocoagulated necrosis of liver tissue with surrounding fibrosis in a diameter of 26.0 mm was formed. Light microscopy revealed coagulative necrosis in the center of the coagulated area without surviving hepatic cells.

CONCLUSIONThe hepatic tissue can be coagulated safely and effectively by diode-laser with scanner fibertip, and such a technique may provide a new method for the treatment of hepatic carcinoma.

Animals ; Female ; Laser Coagulation ; methods ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Rabbits