Objective To investigate the retrieval mechanism of prospective memory,spatiotemporal patterns of event-related potentials (ERP) were used to reveal neural correlates of the prospective interference effect. Methods A task of matching two sequential patterns was taken as the ongoing task and the detection of patterns with two salient levels as prospective memory tasks. Experiments were performed in blocks for single ongoing task block and two prospective memory blocks. Results No significant behavioral effect was found for prospective interference [reaction time(ms):control blocks 750.29±161.33,high salience blocks 770.94±174.89,low salience bocks 764.79±174.12,F(1.52,25.82)=0.48,P =0.57 and correction rate(%):control blocks 85.89±8.07,high salience blocks 88.26±7.00,low salience blocks 87.91±7.28,F(1.50,25.57)=2.46,P =0.12].But significant ERP effect was found at bilateral frontal regions from 160 ms to 240 ms for both two prospective memory blocks. Moreover,greater negativity at the right frontal polar region appeared significantly at 360'440 ms for higher salient patterns. Conclusion Prospective memory is retrieved based on strategic monitoring and high salient stimuli may enhance to keep the prospective goal and improve task switching.

Functional constipation(FC) in childhood is characterized by a low defecation frequency in combination with either involuntary loss of stools(encopresis),passage of large amounts of stool,retentive posturing,or hard and often painful defecation.It represents 3%-5% of general pediatric outpatient visits and up to 25% of pediatric gastroenterology consultations.FC is a diagnosis made by history and physical examination.No testing is necessary or desirable.The decision to seek medical care for symptoms arises from a parent′s or caretaker′s concern for children.The caretaker′s threshold for concern varies with his or her experiences and expectations,coping style,and perception of illness,till now there is not an universal native criteria established in spite of much has been done in it.The criteria used are still to draw assistance from the foreign standard,among which the classic criteria,the Rome Ⅱ and Rome Ⅲ criteria are considered commonly used.The purpose of this paper is to descript the several foreign criteria,and to make comparison among them,and to explore their applicability and effectiveness in childhood FC

Animals ; Hypertension ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; genetics ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Adult ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; RNA ; administration & dosage ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Adult ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy and safety of prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH) in high-risk aged males.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 21 high-risk BPH patients aged 77-91 (mean 80) years treated by PAE.

RESULTSPAE was successfully performed in all the 21 patients, with the operation time of 90-120 min. At 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery, the International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS) were 18.3 ± 3.1, 9.8 ± 2.7, 9.4 ± 2.5, and 10.1 ± 2.2, the quality of life scores ( QOL) were 4.6 ± 1.4, 4.3 ± 1.2, 4.6 ± 1.1, and 4.9 ± 0.6, the maximum urinary flow rates ( Qmax) were (12.5 ± 2.5), (15.8 ± 2.4), (16.6 ± 2.2), and (16.3 ± 1.8) ml/s, and the postvoid residual urine volumes (PVR) were (35.0 ± 3.4), (13.0 ± 3.3), (10.0 ± 3.0), and (8.0 ± 2.5) ml, respectively, markedly improved as compared with the baseline (IPSS: 24.5 ± 3.7, QOL: 5.7 ± 1.6, Qmax: [8.3 ± 2.1] ml/s, and PVR: [98.0 ± 11.0] ml), with statistically significant differences in IPSS, QOL, Qmax, and PVR (all P < 0.05). The maximal velocity of blood flow in the prostate was obviously decreased and the prostate volumes were (74.4 ± 4.8), (42.5 ± 4.4), (38.3 ± 4.0), and (36.7 ± 3.5) cm3 at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months, respectively, also significantly reduced in comparison with (84.3 ± 5.4) cm3 preoperatively (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPAE is a safe and effective option for the treatment of BPH in high-risk aged males.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arteries ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; blood supply ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; therapy ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Urination

Objectives: To assess the feasibility and stability of right ventricular outflow tract (ROVT) pacing under current technology by comparing the results of ROVT pacing with the traditional right ventricular apex (RVA) pacing. Methods: A total of 42 patients (at mean age of 63.5±10.4 years) without structural heart disease were randomly divided into two groups. RVA pacing group (n=14),and RVOT pacing group(n=28). An active fixation lead was implanted in all patients whose pacemaker could automatically measure the pacing threshold every day. The operation time,X-ray exposure time and lead parameters detected during the operation were collected to evaluate the feasibility of RVOT pacing. The complications related to lead and implantation procedure and the trend of threshold change during the follow-up time were used to assess the stability of RVOT pacing.Results: There were no statistic differences between RVA pacing group and RVOT pacing group in terms of operation time,X-ray exposure time and lead parameters. In RVOT group,the change of threshold during acute period was similar to those in RVA group (P=0.23). Chronic pacing threshold was also comparable between two groups,mean threshold at 6 months follow-up time was 0.55±0.11V and 0.54±0.09V at 0.4 pulse width in RVA group and RVOT group respectively (P=0.787).Conclusion: RVOT pacing was feasible and stable in operation time and lead characteristics compared with the conventional RVA pacing under current pacing technology.

Animals ; Eye Diseases ; parasitology ; surgery ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Sparganosis ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Sparganum

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment value of laparoscopic surgery in tubal obstruction infertility patients with endometriosis.Methods Retrospective analysis was done in 381 cases underwent laparoscopic treatment for tubal obstruction from May 2005 to May 2010,,of which 119 cases were combined with endometriosis.The treatment results were analyzed,including the decomposition of the umbrella side tubal obstruction adhesions,lesions of endometriosis electrocoagulation,endometriosis cystectomy and pregnancy and so on.Results Hysterosalpingography(HSG)showed tubal occlusion in both side or one side in the distal end in 381 cases,and these patients were treated with laparoscopic surgery.There were 262 cases showed distal tubal occlusion not companied with endometriosis,of which 82 cases clinically pregnanced,accounting for 31.3％.Surgical treatment of endometriosis found in 119 cases,accounting for 31.2％ ; and 29 cases pregnaced,which accounted 24.4％.We found 42 cases of tubal adhesions grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ and endometriosis stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ,16 cases of clinical pregnancy,accounting for 38.1％ ;Twenty-six cases of tubal adhesions grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ and endometriosis stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ,7 cases of clinical pregnancy,accounting for 26.9％ ;Twenty-eitht cases of tubal adhesions grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ and endometriosis stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ,4 cases of clinical pregnancy,accounting for 14.3％ ;Twenty-three cases of tubal adhesions grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ and endometriosis stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,2 cases of clinical pregnancy,accounting for 8.7％.The clinical pregnancy rate in the first group was significantly higher than the other groups,chnical pregnancy rate of the last group was the lowest.Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery is an effective treatment of tubal obstruction infertility combined with endometriosis.After laparoscopic surgery,the clinical pregnancy rate is significantly higher in Tubal obstruction without endometriosis than patients with endometriosis.After surgery,the clinical pregnancy rate in patients with the light stage tubal adhesions and endometriosis is better than those severely.

Objective To discuss the clinical methods and curative effect of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis ( MIPPO) technique applied in the treatment of humeral shaft fractures. Methods A retrospective analysis was applied on 14 patients with humeral fracture underwent the MIPPO operation in our department from April 2012 to March 2013. There were 8 males and 6 females, with their ages ranging from 28 to 64 years. Results Fourteen cases were followed up for 2 months to 12 months (an average of 6 months) . Their incisions got primary healing. The fracture segments got satisfactory reduction with good apposition and alignment radiologically, and the radial never function recovered well. UCLA score concluded as excellent in 13 cases and good in 1 case. Conclusion MIPPO is a safe and effective treatment for the humeral fracture with the benefits of less invasion, fewer complications and higher union rate.