Cauda Equina ; injuries ; Decompression, Surgical ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Emergency Medical Services ; methods ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion

Objective To study characteristic findings and the diagnostic value of MRI in pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS). Methods Twenty-one patients with PSIS were included. Small field of view (FOV) MR1 scanning and clinic hormone detection were performed in all patients. Moreover, fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR)T,1 WI with fat-suppression sequence was performed in 8 cases. The appearance on FLAIR T1 WI and T2 WI were recorded. The shape of pituitary stalk and antehypophysis, and the signal intensity of posthypophysis were analyzed simultaneously. Results Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) was confirmed by clinic hormone detection in all 21 cases. The level of basal GH varied from 0. 03 μg,/L to 1.50 μg/L. The peak value under GH provocation was from 0. 13 μg/L to 4. 14 μg/L, and the GH was absolute default in all patients. Seventeen cases of them were combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD), and 4 cases were isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD). The height of antepituitary was in the range from 1 mm to 3 mm, and the average value was (1.9±1.2) mm. Pituitary stalk was absent in 18 cases and showed as linear and discontinuous stalk in the other 3 cases. The high signal intensity was invisible in normal position in all cases, the high signal intensity spot in the region of infundibular recess of the third ventricle was shown in 19 cases, while it could not be found anywhere in 2 patients with diabetes insipidus. Conclusion PSIS often shows characteristic appearance on MRI, and a definite diagnosis can be made by using MRI combined with clinic hormone detection.

After the limitations of modeling scientific literature novelty assessment were analyzed in light of the de-velopment of scientific literature novelty assessment, comprehensive assessment of the innovations and overall develop-ment of the projects was proposed with combined traditional literature retrieval and multivariate analysis according to the competitive information theory and integrated comprehensive assessment theory in combination with bibliometrics and special case analysis of literature novelty assessment.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Fatigue ; prevention & control ; Male ; Mice ; Physical Exertion ; physiology ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Swimming ; physiology

Background Pupil atresia increases the difficulty of cataract surgery.The improper enlarging pupil will lead to many complications.The appropriate method of pupil dilation is very important to improve the postoperative effect.Objective This study was to evaluate the pupillary function after manually enlarged pupil to different sizes for pupil atresia complicated cataract.Methods A retrospective case-controlled study was designed.Thirty-eight eyes of 30 cases suffered from pupil atresia complicated cataract induced by chronic uveitis were enrolled in Shandong Eye Institute from May 2006 to May 2012.The eyes underwent pupil forming and phacoemulsification and assigned to the pupil enlarged to ≥6.0 mm group (15 eyes) and 4.5-5.5 mm group (23 eyes).The fibrosis membrane at pupil zone was removed,and the fibrosis strip at pupil collar was cut evenly by 23G intraocular microscissors as zigzag shape.Then the pupil was enlarged in multipoint by a pair of left and right iris hook from the main and lateral incisions.The pupils of 15 eyes in the pupil enlarged to ≥6.0 mm group were dilated above 6.0 mm and 23 pupils in the 4.5-5.5 mm group were dilated to 4.5-5.5 mm and followed by routine phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation.Topical and systemic corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs combined topical mydriatic were applied before and after operation.The pupil diameter,light reflex and photophobia symptom in postoperation were compared between the two groups.The visual acuity before and after operation and intra-and post-operative complications were recorded.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Shandong Eye Hospital,and written informed consent was obtined from each patient before operation.Results The pupil diameter in the pupil enlarged to ≥6.0 mm group was dilated to (6.9±0.4) mm and that of the 4.5-5.5 mm was dilated to (5.1 ±0.3) mm intraoperatively,with a statistical significance between them (t =16.100,P =0.000).Three months later,the pupil diameter in the pupil enlarged to ≥ 6.0 mm group was (4.9 ±0.4)mm,with different degrees of lacerated pupillary margins,and that in the pupil enlarged to 4.5-5.5 mm group was (3.5 ±0.5) mm,with rare lacerated pupillary margins,showing a statistically significant difference (t =9.820,P =0.000).The unresponsive or obtuse light reflex in the pupil enlarged to ≥6.0 mm group was significantly higher than in the pupil enlarged to 4.5-5.5 mm group(11 eyes vs.6 eyes) (x2 =8.200,P =0.005).The subjective photophobia symptom of 2-3 grades in the pupil enlarged to ≥6.0 mm group was in 12 eyes,which was higher than that in the pupil enlarged to 4.5-5.5 mm group (2 eyes) (H=19.840,P=0.000).The iris haemorrhage were seen in 3 eyes in the pupil enlarged to 4.5-5.5 mm group and 7 eyes in the pupil enlarged to ≥6.0 mm group (x2 =5.290,P=0.030).The visual acuities of the operated eyes in the two groups improved at different degrees.Conclusions Approximate physiological pupil and good visual quality can been obtained by manual releasing and enlarging pupil to less than 5.5 mm evenly during the surgery for pupil atresia complicated cataract induced by chronic uveitis.

Background Eyes with filamentary keratitis present with serious clinical symptoms.This disease is easy to relapse and the treatment is tricky.At present,its pathogenesis is still unclear,and few works were done on filamentous composition.Objective This study was to analyze the composition of corneal filament by imageological and histopathological method,and discuss the formation mechanism of filamentary keratitis.Methods Eighty-eight eyes of 82 cases who suffered from filamentary keratitis were collected in Shandong Eye Hospital between January 2008 and January 2011.The etiologies of the patients were classified and the clinical data were recorded.Firstly,the corneal filiform strip was detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM),and the corneal structure was examined by high-definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT).Then the composition of filamentary strip was analyzed by Giemsa and Masson trichrome staining of stretched preparation of filiform strip.Results Etiological study showed that filamentary keratitis occurred after penetrating keratoplasty in 40 eyes,after cataract surgery and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in 18 eyes,dry eye and neural dystrophic corneal disease in 14 eyes,acute conjunctivitis in 10 eyes.HD-OCT revealed that filament lesion developed to Bowman layer.Filament was composed of epithelial cells,inflammatory cells,mucus and the high reflective strip core with spiral arrangement under the LSCM,and epithelial cells,inflammatory cells and fibrous tissue were seen in the strip core.Giemsa staining exhibited that filament contained corneal epithelial cells,inflammatory cells,mucus and dark blued strip core with helical arrangement.Masson trichrome discovered that the strip core was red fibrous tissue surrounding by blue mucus.Conclusions Epithelial cells,inflammatory cells,mucus and the high reflective strip core with spiral arrangement are the main elements of filament in filamentary keratitis.The lesion can reach Bowman layer.The results contribute to reveal the formation mechanism of corneal filament and assist treatment.

In the previous study, a high-throughput screening method was established to find the antagonists of CD36. In the present study, a new compound named IMB-1680 was found using this method. The anti-atherosclerotic activities of IMB-1680 were then evaluated. Dose-dependent activities of IMB-1680 were detected by using Sf9 [hCD36] and CHO [hCD36] models. Fluorescence microscopic photography and flow cytometry were used to analyze uptake of mLDL. Foam cell test with RAW264.7 macrophages was used to examine lipid accumulation. The results showed that IMB-1680 inhibited CD36 activity with IC50 of 2.80 and 8.79 micromol x L(-1) in Sf9[hCD36] and CHO [hCD36] cells, respectively. Fluorescence microscopic photography and flow cytometry revealed that IMB-1680 could significantly reduce DiI-AcLDL uptake. Meanwhile, IMB-1680 also could reduce lipids accumulation in RAW264.7 macrophages. In all, the data indicated that IMB-1680 might be a potent effective anti-atherosclerotic leading compound.
Animals ; CD36 Antigens ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; CHO Cells ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetulus ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Foam Cells ; cytology ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Structure ; Plasmids ; Receptors, Scavenger ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Sf9 Cells ; Spodoptera ; Transfection

Objective To evaluate the development of fetal cerebellar vermis using 3D transabdominal ultrasound,and provide evidence for prenatal screening fetal cerebellar vermis anomalies.Methods Totally 387 normal fetuses at 20～36 gestation weeks were examined by three-dimensional extended imaging(3DXI) to observe the fetal cerebellar vermis.The width,anteroposterior diameter,craniocaudal diameter of the cerebellar vermis,the angle between brain stem and vermis,a ratio between the area of anterior vermis and posterior vermis were measured,and the relationship between the gestational age and parameters mentioned above were analyzed.Results The multi slice view of 3DXI and 3D reconstructed sagittal section well evaluated the integrity of vermis morphous and vermis size,identified characteristic signs of vermis:the fourth ventricle apex and vermis crack.In normal fetus,brain stem and vermis were almost parallel,the angle between them was 3.97°±1.65°.There was no significant correlation between the angle and the gestational age.The area of the anterior vermis was smaller than that of posterior vermis,with a ratio of 0.76±0.06,which was also not related to gestational age.The width,anteroposte rior diameter and craniocaudal diameter of the cerebellar vermis were positively correlated with gestational age.Conclusions The multi slice view of 3DXI and 3D reconstructed sagittal section should help evaluate the development of the cerebellar vermis,accurately show the cerebellar vermis and its surrounding strutures,and provide a new way to evaluate the fetal cerebellar vermis.

To investigate the anticancer effects of ring C in 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a series of GA derivatives featured with 9(11)-ene moiety in ring C were designed and synthesized. The structures were confirmed by IR, LC-MS and 1H NMR. Their inhibitory effects towards human prostate cancer PC-3 and leukemia HL-60 cell lines were determined. Most of the derivatives displayed stronger antiproliferative activities than GA. Particularly, compound 14 showed promising anticancer activity with the GI50 values of 4.48 µmol · L(-1) and 1.2 µmol · L(-1) against PC-3 and HL-60 cells respectively, which is worth further study.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drug Design ; Glycyrrhetinic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; HL-60 Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective: To uncover new transcriptional regulators by screening putative transcriptional regulators in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) through genome informatics and molecular biology analyses. Methods: S. Typhimurium genome informatics was analyzed and 30 putative transcriptional regulators were screened out. All candidate genes were deleted by λ-Red system. The log-phase acid tolerance response (ATR) ability was compared between knock-out (KO) strains and wild type (WT) strain. Cell model was used to detect the invasion ability and intracellular ability of KO strains that showed differences in acid stress compared to WT strain. The transcription level of phoP was detected by realtime-PCR in the mutants involved in both ATR and cell infection. Results: All 30 deletion mutants were successfully constructed. ΔSTM14_0739, ΔSTM14_2717 and ΔSTM14_1646 showed increased log-phase ATR ability, while ATR abilities of ΔSTM14_4338, ΔSTM14_1965 and ΔSTM14_1878 decreased, compared with WT. ΔSTM14_0739 and ΔSTM14_2717 mutants showed weaker invasion ability in HeLa cells than WT, and ΔSTM14_1878 and ΔSTM14_2717 mutants showed stronger replication ability in RAW264.7 cells than WT. Realtime-PCR suggested STM14_2717 deletion had no effect on phoP transcription. Conclusion: This work discovers unknown transcriptional regulators, and provides clues for future research in S. Typhimurium pathogenesis.