AIM:To investigate the effect of the size of cataract surgical incision on original astigmatism and tear film stability of corrected cornea.METHODS: Totally 92 cataract patients (92 eyes) who were admitted to our hospital from July 2014 to July 2016 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,46 cases (46 eyes) in each group.Both groups were treated by clear corneal tunnel incision phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation.The incision of the control group was 3.0mm while of the observation group was 1.8mm.The uncorrected visual acuity,corneal astigmatism,Schirmer I test (SⅠt) and break-up time (BUT) were detected before surgery and at 1d,1wk,1mo and 3mo after surgery.The surgery induced astigmatism (SIA) was recorded at 1d,1wk,1 and 3mo after surgery.RESULTS: There were significant differences in the uncorrected visual acuity between the two groups at 1 and 3mo before surgery (P<0.05),but there were no significant differences at different time points before and after surgery (P>0.05).At 1wk,1 and 3mo after surgery,SIA of two groups decreased continuously,and the SIA of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 1d,1wk and 1mo after surgery (P<0.05).At 1wk after surgery,SⅠt and BUT in the two groups were less or shorter than those before surgery (P<0.05),but there were no significant differences at 1mo,3mo after surgery,compared with those before surgery (P>0.05).SⅠt and BUT in the observation group were less or shorter than those in the control group at 1wk after surgery (P<0.05) but there were no significant differences at 1 and 3mo after surgery (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Compared with 3.0mm standard incision,1.8mm clear corneal incision can reduce SIA and shorten the time for corneal stability recovery.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety of Polyisobutylene (PIB) Gutong plaster by transdermal administration. METHODS:66 rabbits were randomly divided into a normal group,a group with intact skin and a group with damaged skin. The latter two groups were respectively re-divided into PIB group,the groups of low,medium and high-dose PIB Gutong plaster and Gutong plaster group. An acute toxicity test was conducted on the rabbits,which 14 d of continuous observation was made 24 h af-ter transdermal administration. Another 60 rabbits were divided into several groups as above except for a normal group. A single pri-mary skin irritation test was conducted on them,where skin irritation reactions were recorded 6 h after a single administration based on intra-individual left/right self comparison method. 70 guinea pigs were randomized into a negative control group (vase-line),a PIB group,a positive control group(2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene),a Gutong plaster group and the groups of low,medium and high-dose PIB Gutong plaster,which were dosed for sensitization,followed by a skin sensitization test. RESULTS:No obvi-ous toxicity symptoms could be seen after administration of PIB Gutong plaster. The rabbits’intact or damaged skin had no irrita-tion response to PIB and low and medium-dose PIB Gutong plaster. PIB Gutong plaster caused no irritation response in the rabbits’ intact skin,but slight irritation in damaged skin 1 h after administration. The allergic reaction incidence of the positive control group of guinea pigs was 100% while that of any other groups was 0. CONCLUSIONS:The PIB Gutong plaster is safe for trans-dermal administration.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the apoptosis and proliferation activity of Tca8113 cells.

METHODSThe vector that involves short hairpin RNA of iNOS was transfected to Tca8113 cells. The change of iNOS expression was observed using immunohistochemistry technique, the apoptosis rate examined by flow cytometry, and the proliferation Tca8113 cells examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT).

RESULTSThe expression of iNOS in Psilencer-iNOS group was lower than that in control groups (P < 0.01), the apoptosis rate was higher than that in control groups (P < 0.01); whereas the proliferation activity of Tca8113 cells in Psilencer-iNOS group was lower than that in control groups.

CONCLUSIONSDown expression of iNOS by RNAi can promotes apoptosis of Tca8113 cells and has an anti-proliferation activity effect.

Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; Tongue Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVEIdiopathic collapsing glomerulopathy (ICG) is a clinically and pathologically distinct variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, which is characterized by proteinuria (often nephrotic range) and rapid progression to end-stage renal failure. The typical pathological changes are global/segmental glomerular collapse, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of podocytes and severe tubulointerstitial lesions. Most ICG patients who have been reported in previous published papers are adults. ICG in children is rare. The study aimed to analyze and investigate clinical manifestations, renal histopathological findings, treatment and outcomes of ICG in children.

METHODSData of two cases of ICG, a 7-year-old boy and a 12-year-old girl, were analyzed. Both of them were Chinese and Han. Clinical characteristics, results of laboratory tests, renal histopathological findings, treatment, outcomes and prognosis of the two children with ICG were retrospectively analyzed. Results were compared with published data.

RESULTSThese two children presented typical clinical features of nephrotic syndrome. The quantity of 24 hr urine protein was 7.6 g/d (0.47 g/kg x d for boy) and 10.67 g/d (0.35 g/kg x d for girl). Both of them had hypertension (blood pressure ranged from 130/90 to 150/110 mmHg) and hypercholesterolemia (15.4 mmol/L for the boy and 11.3 mmol/L for the girl). The serum albumin was 12 g/L for girl and 23 g/L for boy. The creatinine clearance rate gradually decreased from normal range to 30 ml/min for the girl. The histopathological changes in renal biopsy of them were focal segmental or global glomerular collapse, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of podocytes and severe tubulointerstitial lesions. These two cases were steroid-resistant and were treated with pulse intravenous methylprednisolone and pulse intravenous cyclphosphamade in one case, who rapidly progressed to end-stage renal failure and died half a year later. Another one was treated with cyclosporine. He showed continuous hypertention and heavy proteinuria for eight months.

CONCLUSIONICG in the 2 children was a severe disease which presented steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and rapidly progressive renal failure. The pathological characteristics was global/segmental glomerular collapse, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of podocytes and severe tubulointerstitial lesions. In children with ICG treatment was difficult and the prognosis was poor.

Child ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Glucosinolates ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; etiology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; pathology ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; etiology ; Proteinuria ; etiology ; Treatment Outcome

Aneurysm, False ; therapy ; Child ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Male ; Situs Inversus ; complications

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of aerosols on the expression of cyclin B(1), cyclin C and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in wound tissue healing of burned rat models.

METHODSSprague Dawley (SD) rats were inflicted as the deep partial thickness burn models. Rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group were treated with aerosols. Samples were collected in 1 approximately 10 postburn days. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis methods were conducted to examine the expression of cyclin B(1), cyclin C and PCNA in both experimental and control groups.

RESULTSThe expression of cyclin C in experimental group was detected in nucleus of skin basal cell on the second postburn day, increased evidently at the fifth days and sustained at high expression level up to the tenth days after treatment. The expression of cyclin C in experimental group was significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05). The expression of PCNA was first observed in skin basal cell nucleus and hair follicle cell nucleus in both experimental and control group on the third postburn day. The expression of PCNA increased evidently at the fifth days in experimental after treatment and that increased evidently at the seventh days in control group, which showed there were lots of active proliferation cell. And the difference of the expression of PCNA between experimental and control group was significant (P < 0.01). The expression of cyclin B(1) was detected in nucleus and cytoplasm of skin basal cell in both groups on the third postburn day, and no difference between the experimental and control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAerosols can up-regulate the expression of cyclin C and PCNA in skin basal cell nucleus. Therefore the aerosols can accelerate wound tissue healing.

Aerosols ; Animals ; Burns ; metabolism ; therapy ; Cyclin B ; biosynthesis ; Cyclin B1 ; Cyclin C ; Cyclins ; biosynthesis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; methods ; Female ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Wound Healing ; physiology

OBJECTIVEStudying on G6PD polymorphism from Hakka population in Guangdong province.

METHODSIdentifying the variants of G6PD gene and determining the frequencies respectively with the use of amplified refractory mutation system(ARMS), polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP) and ABI 3100 DNA sequencing technologies.

RESULTSMutations of G6PD gene in cDNA 1388 (G-->A), 1376 (G-->T), 95 (A-->G), 392 (G-->T), 1024 (C-->T), 1311 (C-->T) have been found.

CONCLUSIONG6PD cDNA 1388 (G-->A), 1376 (G-->T), 95(A--> G), 392 (G-->T), 1024 (C-->T) and 1311 (C-->T) accompanied with intron 11 (93 T-->C) are the common mutations in Chinese population. cDNA 1388 (G-->A), cDNA 1376 (G-->T) are the most popular G6PD gene variants in Hakka population. In this study, no new type of G6PD gene mutation was found in the Hakkas of Guangdong.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; ethnology ; genetics ; Humans ; Introns ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and timing of re-transplantation for hepatic artery complications after orthotopic liver transplantation.

METHODSBetween December 2003 and December 2006, the clinical data of 13 patients diagnosed as hepatic artery complications after liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThere were no significant difference in duration of operation and anhepatic phase between the initial transplantation and the second transplantation (P = 0.291, P = 0.312). However, intra-operative blood loss [(3.1 +/- 1.1) L vs. (1.5 +/- 0.9) L, P = 0.005] and intensive care unit stays [(4.3 +/- 1.8) d vs. (3.2 +/- 2.5) d, P = 0.015] were significantly increased in the re-transplant patients. No perioperative mortality occurred. The postoperative mortality of liver re-transplantation was 38.5% (5/13) including acute renal failure in two patients, severe infection in two and heart infarction in one. The other 8 patients were followed from 6 months to 51 months, with a median survival time of 22.5 months.

CONCLUSIONSLiver re-transplantation is the only viable option for patients with irreversible graft dysfunction secondary to hepatic artery complications after liver transplantation. Proper indication and optimum time of re-transplantation, reasonable individual immunosuppression regime and effective perioperative care program contribute to the increase of the survival rate of the patients performed liver re-transplantation.

Adult ; Aged ; Feasibility Studies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the regular pattern of the distribution of skin epidermal stem cells (ESCs) in the different parts of a healthy human body, and to evaluate the feasibility of the identification of ESCs by P63 and CD29 with single and double labeling.

METHODSFull-thickness skin samples from 21 parts (including scalp, dorsum of foot, sole of foot, pubic region, and scrotum) of 5 healthy persons were harvested for the study. Immunohistochemistry method with biotin-streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (SP) was employed with P63 and CD29 as the first antibody to carry out single and double labeling. The staining results were subjected to image analysis. The distribution of the ESCs in the skin from the above parts was observed and expressed as positive unit (PU) value.

RESULTSIt was found by P63 single labeling and P63 and CD29 double labeling that the PU value in the dorsum of foot was the lowest while that in the scalp was the highest among all the parts of a healthy body. It was also found by CD29 single labeling that the PU value in the dorsum of foot was the lowest [(11.9 +/- 1.5)%] while highest in the scalp [(29.1 +/- 5.0)%]. The PU value in the hairy region of a human body was evidently higher than that in the non-hairy region (P < 0.01), when examined by P63 and CD29 single and double labeling. But there was no difference in the PU values between the trunk and limbs by means of P63 and CD29 single and double labeling (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere are more ESCs in the skin from the scalp, mons pubis and scrotum than other parts of the body. Single P63 or CD29 labeling exhibits higher sensitivity but lower specificity in the identification of ESCs. While the double labeling method exhibits higher specificity but lower sensitivity. Above all, it seems that the double labeling may be a simple and effective method for the identification of ESCs.

Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Integrin beta1 ; Male ; Skin ; cytology ; Stem Cells

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of combined CsA and FK506 with 5-FU on hepatocellular carcinoma rats.

METHODSA syngeneic rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma was used. Control group (A) underwent 4 ml 5% GS. Treatment group was divided into 3 groups namely, group B: only 5-FU and 5% GS; group C: 5-FU, CsA and 5% GS; group D: 5-FU, FK506 and 5%GS. Cell cycle, apoptosis, necrosis and mitochondrial transmembrane potential were measured by flow cytometry, laser scanning confocal microscopy, and electron transmission microscopy. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 10.0 for Windows software. Statistical comparisons were made with ANOVA followed by Dunnett's T3 or LSD test.

RESULTSCompared to the control group, the percentage of apoptotic cells including trifle necrotic cells was significantly higher, and among the treatment group, group D was the highest, and group C was higher than group B. In the treatment group, cell cycle of hepatoma cells was mainly arrested at S phase, but in group D, G0/G1 phase cells were significantly decreased and S phase cells significantly increased. Compared to the control group, mitochondrial transmembrane potential was significantly decreased in the treatment group, among with, group B was the lowest, group C was higher than group D. Morphological changes demonstrated by electron microscopy included dispersed nuclear chromatin, loss of nucleoli, membrane bleeding, cell shrinkage, typical apoptotic bodies and marked swelling of mitochondria in the treatment group. In the control group, however, they were characterized by normal cell ultrastructure.

CONCLUSIONSThe present study reveals that 5-FU combined with CsA or FK506 demonstrated a synergistic effect on hepatocellular carcinoma rats. For FK506, the powerful mutual effect is related to the increase of tumor cell's quantity in S phase. Both CsA and FK506 can provide protection on mitochondrial transmembrane potential reduction against hepatoma cells damage from 5-FU.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; Cyclosporine ; administration & dosage ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; Mitochondria ; drug effects ; physiology ; Necrosis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tacrolimus ; administration & dosage