Adult ; Aged ; Antitubercular Agents ; adverse effects ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; epidemiology ; etiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; drug therapy

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytarabine ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fever ; blood ; chemically induced ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; blood ; drug therapy ; Teniposide ; therapeutic use

In view of the effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of clinical depression, the mechanism is not clear, this study attempts to research the cause of depression in a complex situation to lay the foundation for the next step of TCM curative effect evaluation. Based on the brain wave of 120 depression patients and 40 ordinary person, the change regulation of acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine, depression neurotransmitters and excited neurotransmitters in the whole and various encephalic regions' multi-neurotransmitters of depression patients-serotonin are analysed by search of encephalo-telex (SET) system, which lays the foundation for the diagnosis of depression. The result showed that: contrased with the normal person group, the mean value of the six neurotransmitters in depression patients group are: (1) in the whole encephalic region of depression patients group the dopamine fall (P < 0.05), and in the double centralregions, right temporal region and right parietal region distinct fall (P < 0.01); (2) in the right temporal region of depression patients group the serotonin rise (P < 0.05); (3) in the right central region, left parietal region of depression patients group the acetylcholine fall (P < 0.05), left rear temporal region fall obviously (P < 0.01). The correlation research between antagonizing pairs of neurotransmitters and neurotransmitters: (1) the three antagonizing pairs of neurotransmitters-serotonin and dopamine, acetylcholine and norepinephrine, depression neurotransmitters and excited neurotransmitters, in ordinary person group and depression patients group are characterizeed by middle or strong negative correlation. Serotonin and dopamine, which are characterized by weak negative correlation in the right rear temporal region of ordinary person group, are characterized by strong negative correlation in the other encephalic regions and the whole encephalic (ordinary person group except the right rear temporal region: the range of [r] is [0.82, 0.92], P < 0.01)/(depression patients group:the range of [r] is [0.88, 0.94], P < 0.01); acetylcholine and norepinephrine, in the whole and various encephalic region are characterized by middle negative correlation(ordinary person group:the range of [r] is [0.39, 0.76], P < 0.01 or P < 0.05)/(depression patients group: the range of [Ir] is [0.56, 0.64], P < 0.01); depression neurotransmitters and excited neurotransmitters are characterized by middle strong negative correlation (ordinary person group: the range of [r] is [0.57, 0.80], P < 0.01)/(depression patients group: the range of [r] is [0.68, 0.78], P < 0.01). (2) The two neurotransmitters which are not antagonizing pairs of neurotransmitters, serotonin and excited neurotransmitters, or acetylcholine and depression neurotra-nsmitters, or dopamine and depression neurotransmitters in the various encephalic regions are characterized by weak negative correlation. Serotonin and excited neurotransmitters are characterizeed by weak negative correlation (ordinary person group: in the right central region, left parietal region, double front temporal regions, right rear temporal region, the range of [r] is [0.25, 0.50], P < 0.01 or P < 0.05)/(depression patients group: in the whole encephalic regions, double parietal regions, double occipital regions, right front temporal region, left central region, left frontal region, the range of [r] is [0.18, 0.37], P < 0.01 or P < 0.05); acetylcholine and depression, neurotransmitters are characterized by weak negative correlation (ordinary person group: in the double frontal regions, left parietal region, left front temporal region, right rear temporal region, the range of [r] is [0.31, 0.46], P < 0.01 or P < 0.05)/(depression patients group: in double rear temporal regions, right front temporal region, double occipital regions, left central region, the range of [r] is [0.20, 0.32] , P < 0.01 or P < 0.05); do-pamine and depression neurotransmitters are characterized by weak middle negative correlation (ordinary person group: in left parietal region, right central region, left frontal region, left occipital region, double front temporal regions, the range of [r] is [0.33, 0.68], P < 0.01 or P < 0.05)/(depression patients group: in the whole region and other various regions except the left frontal region, right central region, the range of Irl is [0.21, 0.34], P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Dopamine and acetylcholine or norepinephrine and serotonin are characterized by weak positive correlation in all encephalic regions. Dopamine and acetylcholine are characterized by weak positive correlation (ordinary person group: in left frontal region, right parietal region, left front temporal region and left rear temporal region, the range of [r] is [0.37, 0.46], P < 0.01)/(depression patients group: in the whole region and the orther various regions except the double central regions, the range of [r] is [0.23, 0.5], P < 0.01 or P < 0.05); norepinephrine and serotonin are characterized by weak positive correlation (ordinary person group: in double front temporal regions, double rear temporal regions, right frontal region and left parietal region, the range of [r] is [0.34, 0.48], P < 0.01 or P < 0.05)/(depression patients group: in the whole and various regions, the range of [r] is [0.18, 0.42], P < 0.01). The main differences between the depression patients group and ordinary person group are: (1) In the whole regin, left frontal region and right central region of depression patients group, the six neurotransmitters all fall normally (P < 0.05). (2) The percent of dopamine falling or including dopamine falling, or including dopamine falling and serotonin rising in depression patients group increases. The percent of dopamine falling or including dopamine falling in the whole region, right frontal region, right central region increases (P < 0.01), such as dopamine decreasing, serotonin increasing dopamine decreasing, serotonin increasing acetylcholine decreasing dopamine decreasing, dopamine decreasing norepinephrine increasing depression neurotransmitters decreasing, serotonin increasing acetylcholine decreasing dopamine decreasing neurotransmitters increasing and so on. (3) The percent of acetylcholine falling, or including acetylcholine falling, or including acetylcholine falling and neurotransmitters (beta)-receptor)rising in depression patients group increases. The percent of acetylcholine falling, or including acetylcholine falling in the right temporal region, double central regions increases (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), such as acetylcholine decreasing, acetylcholine decreasing neurotransmitters increaseng, acetylcholine decreasing neurotransmitters increasing depression neurotransmitters decreasing, serotonin increasing acetylcholine decreasing dopamine decreasing neurotransmitters increasing and so on. It's showed in research that depression patients' brain are characterized by multi-neurotransmitters abnormal, the synchronous change of multi-neurotransmitters has some certain regularities, which are not the simple linear relation. It's conformed that the three antagonizing pairs, neurotransmitters-serotonin and dopamine, acetylcholine and norepinephrine, depression eurotransmitters and excited neurotransmitters of ordinary person group and depression patients group, are both characterized by strong antagonizing relation, that the two neurotransmitters which are not antagonizing pairs of neurotransmitters are characterized by weak positive correlation or negative correlation, prompt maybe has the indirect causal relationship. And the change of six neurotransmitters in depression patients' various encephalic regions is rather complex. It's conformed preliminarily that the right frontal region and right central region are characterized by dopamine decreasing, acetylcholine decreasing, serotonin increasing dopamine decreasing, serotonin increasing acetylcholine decreasing dopamine decreasing, dopamine decreasing norepinephrine increasing excited neurotransmitters decreasing, serotonin increasing acetylcholine decreasing dopamine decreasing neurotransmitters increasing, acetylchoine decreasing neurotransmitters increasing, acetylcholine decreasing neurotransmitters increasing excited neurotransmitters decreasing and so on. Contrasted with the ordinary person group, the depression patients group have the notable difference.
Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Depression ; metabolism ; Dopamine ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Norepinephrine ; metabolism ; Serotonin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Aim The therapeutic effect of "shen-bing NQ 5", a preparation of traditional Chi-nese medicine on adenine-induced chronic nephritis in rats was studied. MethodsChronic nephritis in rats was induced by giving adenine 80 mg?kg-1?d-1 orally. Themodel rats were treated by "shen-bing No 5" in different dosages. Levels of urea ni-trogen(BUN), creatinine (Cr), total protein(TP), and Na+ in serum and or urine weredetected and the changes of kidney were obseraed. Results The "shen-bing No 5"markedly lowered the levels of urine protein in 24 hours, BUN in urine and BUN, Na+in serum (P

AIMTo prepare rifapentine (RIF) liposomes modified by surfactants for studying their the water-solubility, drug loading effeciency, release rate and pulmonary drug delivery.

METHODSThe film method was used to prepare RIF liposomes. Of verious RIF liposomes morphology by lauric diethanolamide (LDEA), Tween 80 and azone, the properties were studied, envolving morphology, entrapment drug release rate and dissected lung-membrance penetration rate of swine. Pulmonary delivery study was carried out through bronchoscope.

RESULTSThe particle size of RIF-LDEA liposomes was between 15 - 50 nm. The top entrapment efficiency reached 83.0%. The apparent coefficient of membrane penetration (Kp) was 44.29. LD50 was 675 mg x kg(-1) by iv.

CONCLUSIONLDEA increased the water-solubility, loading effeciency and release rate of RIF liposomes. The prepared RIF-LDEA liposomes were suitable for the treatment of pulmonary tubrculosis through bronchoscope.

Animals ; Antibiotics, Antitubercular ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Ethanolamines ; chemistry ; Lauric Acids ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; Lung ; metabolism ; Particle Size ; Permeability ; Rifampin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Swine

OBJECTIVETo observe amplitude changes of low frequency fluctuation in brain spontaneous nervous activities induced by needling at Hand Taiyin Lung Channel, and to preliminarily explore the possible brain function network of Hand Taiyin Lung Channel.

METHODSBy using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 16 healthy volunteers underwent resting-state scanning (R1) and scanning with retained acupuncture at Hand Taiyin Lung Channel (acupuncture, AP). Data of fMRI collected were statistically calculated using amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF).

RESULTSUnder R1 significantly enhanced ALFF occurred in right precuneus, left inferior parietal lobule, bilateral superior temporal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, left medial frontal gyrus. Under AP significantly enhanced ALFF occurred in right precuneus, bilateral superior frontal gyrus, cerebellum, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus, and so on. Compared with R1, needing at Hand Taiyin Lung Channel could significantly enhance ALFF in right gyrus subcallosum and right inferior frontal gyrus. Significant decreased ALFF appeared in right postcentral gyrus, left precuneus, left superior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, and so on.

CONCLUSIONNeeding at Hand Taiyin Lung Channel could significantly change fixed activities of cerebral cortex, especially in right subcallosal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, and so on.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Brain ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

OBJECTIVETo screen and evaluate the active constituents of Chinese medicinal herbs as potent inhibitors of Cdc25 phosphatase.

METHODSThe affinity chromatography purified glutashione-S-transferase/Cdc25A phosphatase fusion protein and Cdc2/cyclin B from the extracts of starfish M phase oocytes are used as the cell cycle-specific targets for screening the antimitotic constituents. We tested 9 extracts isolated from the Chinese medicinal herbs and vegetables including the agents currently used in cancer treatment by measuring the inhibition of Cdc25A phosphatase and Cdc2 kinase activity. The antitumor activity of the extracts was also evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and flow cytometry.

RESULTSCdc25A inhibitory activity and antitumor activity are detected in the extracts isolated from three Chinese medicinal herbs Agrimona pilosa; Herba solani lyrati; Galla chinesis.

CONCLUSIONWe found three extracts isolated from Chinese medicinal herbs have potential inhibitory activity of Cdc25 phosphatase using a highly specific mechanism-based screen assay for antimitotic drug discovery.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; pathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Mitosis ; drug effects ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; cdc25 Phosphatases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism

Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Rickets ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; complications

Objective To explore the role of apoptosis of neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells and changes of relative cytokines and thrombotic factors in the pathogenesis of traumatic sepsis at the advanced stage.Methods The venous blood was collected from the patients with traumatic sepsis at advanced stage and traumatic patients without sepsis and healthy subjects.The peripheral hlood mononu- clear cells(PBMC)and neutrophils were isolated and cultured.The apoptosis of neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells was assayed,and the level of IL-4,IL-10 in PBMC culture supernatants were deter- mined,and the tissue factor(TF)and vW factor(vWF)of peripheral plasma were measured.Results The percentages of apoptosis of neutrophils and numbers of apoptotic circulating vascular endothelial cells were higher than that of traumatic patients without sepsis and healthy controls significantly.And the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4,IL-10 and thrombotic factors TF,vWF in traumatic sepsis were elevated than that of traumatic patients without sepsis and controls too.Conclusion Immune suppres- sion and abnormal thrombotic state may be one characteristic of traumatic sepsis at advanced stage,which perhaps involveds in the pathogenesis of traumatic sepsis at the advanced stage and multiple organ dys- function syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo explore the quality variation and genetic diversity of Desmodium styracifolium from different provenances, and lay a foundation for rational exploitation on germplasm resources and fine variety breeding of D. styracifolium.

METHODAmplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were developed to analyze genetic diversity in D. styracifolium from 18 resources. NTSYSpc-2. 11F software was used to analyze the similarity among the D. styracifolium germplasms and construct the genetic phylogenetic tree. The schaftoside content in D. styracifolium from different provenances was determined by HPLC.

RESULTA total of 844 fragments were amplified with 8 primers, in which 717 were polymorphic bands, accounting for 84. 27% of the total detected variation. All the specimens from 18 resources could be grouped into 3 clusters by cluster analysis. The schaftoside contents of D. styracifolium germplasms differed significantly, with the highest content in the germplasm from Sanya, Hainan.

CONCLUSIONSignificant quality variation and genetic diversity can be observed among D. styracifolium germplasms. The diverse germplasm resources should be explored and the fine variety should be selected to breed.

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis ; Fabaceae ; classification ; genetics ; Genetic Variation ; genetics