OBJECTIVE:To analyze the chemical constituents of the essential oil extracted from Mosla chinensis seeds. METHODS: The essential oil was extracted from Mosla chinensis seeds by steam distillation method and identified by GC-MS, and its relative content was determined using normalization method. RESULTS: A total of 20 chromatographic peaks were detected and 17 chemical compounds were identified, which made up 99.06% of the total essential oil content. The major chemical constituents were carvacrol(57.01%), thymol(30.72%), thymol acetate(2.56%), carvacrol acetate(2.14%) and ?-caryophyllene(1.62%). CONCLUSION: The results in our study provides scientific basis for further exploitation and utilization of Mosla chinensis and serves as reference for establishing quality standard of Mosla chinensis herbal medicine.

Objective To study the chemical kinetics characteristics in a new revised method with low usage amount of arsenic trioxide for determining urinary iodine by arsenite-ceric catalytic spectrophotometry using ammonium persulfate digestion,and to study the impact of operating bias in arsenite-ceric reaction temperature and reaction time on final results in this method.Methods The absorbances (A) of arsenite-ceric reaction of iodine standard series were measured at different reaction temperature and time,and the results were analyzed according to the chemical kinetics equation.The change values and half-life of A values of the new revised method and the current standard method were calculated.The chemical kinetics model of reaction system for this new revised method was deduced from experimental results.The calculation formula of result relative error for urinary iodine determination was deduced based on constants reaction temperature and reaction time and reaction rate constant factor.The result relative errors caused by operation deviation of reaction temperature or reaction time in the determination of urinary iodine were calculated.Results The usage amount of arsenious acid solution in the new revised method was only a quarter of usage amount of the current standard method(WS/T 107-2006).A values of each concentration of standard curve series at different reaction time t were obtained,the lnA to t mapping was a straight line,the linear correlation coefficients were-0.9995--0.9999.These results were in accord with the characteristic of chemical first-order reaction.Relationships between the reaction rate constant K and the reaction temperature T in the temperature range of 20-35 ℃ were well accord with Arrhenius equation.The A values and iodine concentrations (C) at various experimental temperatures showed good C =a + blnA linear relation,the absolute value of the linear correlation coefficient(｜ r ｜) ＞ 0.9990.After calculation and comparison of changes in the half-life of A values in the new revised method and in the original standard method at 20,25,30,35 ℃ reaction temperature,half-life of A values of 0-300 μg/L iodine standard series in the new revised method and in the original standard method were 191.0-11.4 min and 66.8-10.2 min at 25℃,respectively.Under the same conditions of 25 ℃ for 40 min,the gradient of A values of 0-300 μg/L iodine standard curve in the new revised method was similar to that of the original standard method(slope-133.7,-139.2,respectively).But differences between A values of standard curve and the reaction initial absorbance(A0) in the original standard method were 1.4 to 3.7 times those of the new revised method.A chemical kinetics model of reacting system for this method was established.A series of urinary iodine results relative error data were obtained when reaction temperature deviation was ± 1,± 0.5,± 0.3 ℃ or reaction time deviation was ± 1 min for sample test tubes.Data showed that relative errors of urinary iodine results caused by reaction temperature deviation or reaction time deviation in the new revised method were less than those of the original standard method.Conclusions The iodine-catalyzed arsenite-ceric reaction in the new revised method is a first-order reaction,when measuring 0-300 μg/L urinary iodine at 20-35 ℃,and 300-1200 μg/L urinary iodine at 20-30 ℃,the calibration relation of C =a + blnA is established when arsenite-ceric catalytic spectrophotometry is kept at a certain stable temperature and in certain stable reaction time.Compared with the original standard method,using the revised method with low usage amount of arsenic trioxide for measuring urinary iodine,the arsenite-ceric reaction rate is slow down.As a result,this method is easier to operate and has better precision and accuracy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the intima-media thickness and cardiac remodeling in patients with prehypertension and impaired glucose tolerance.

METHODThree-hundred patients were divided into four groups: normal control (NC, n = 61), prehypertension (PH, n = 83), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, n = 91), prehypertension and impaired glucose tolerance (PH + IGT, n = 65). Intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured by doppler ultrasonography. Left ventricle mess (LVMI), midwall fractional shortening (mFS), peakE/peakA (E/A) were measured by echocardiography.

RESULTS(1) IMT was significantly increased in PH, IGT and PH + IGT groups than in NC group [(0.7 ± 0.1) mm, (0.7 ± 0.1) mm and (1.0 ± 0.1) mm vs.(0.6 ± 0.1) mm, all P < 0.01], which was significantly high in PH + IGT group than in PH or IGT group. Regression analysis demonstrated that high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were independent predictors to increased IMT. (2) LVMI was higher in PH and PH + IGT groups than in NC group [(97.0 ± 3.3) g/m(2), (97.1 ± 2.8) g/m(2) vs.(87.0 ± 2.0) g/m(2), (87.9 ± 1.5) g/m(2), all P < 0.01], and positively related with SBP, DBP. (3) mFS was lower in PH and PH + IGT groups [(14.0 ± 0.8)%, (14.0 ± 0.8)% vs. (18.3 ± 1.0)%, (18.2 ± 0.5)%, P < 0.01], negatively related with SBP and DBP. E/A was similar among groups and lower E/A was associated with higher SBP.

CONCLUSIONVascular and left ventricular structure remodeling and systolic dysfunction could be detected in prehypertension patients. Impaired glucose tolerance could enhance vascular remodeling in prehypertension patients.

Aged ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Glucose Intolerance ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prehypertension ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Ventricular Remodeling

Adolescent ; Adult ; Atrial Appendage ; diagnostic imaging ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; physiopathology ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; physiopathology ; Thromboembolism ; etiology

Objective To provide reference for formulating scarlet fever prevention and control strategies by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics and predicting the incidence trend of scarlet fever. Methods Spearman correlation analysis, clustering analysis, seasonal index model and seasonal ARIMA model were used for analysis and prediction. Results The average annual incidence of scarlet fever in 2010-2018 was 1.37/100 000, and there was a positive correlation between annual incidence and year (rs=0.817,P=0.007). April-June and November-December were high incidence months. The clustering analysis was significant(F=4795.30，P<0.001), showing that the high-incidence areas are Shennongjia, Yichang, Enshi, Wuhan. Reported cases were concentrated in 1-14 years old, mainly for students, child care children and scattered children. The incidence rate of males was higher than that of females. The optimal model is ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,0)12. The prediction showed that the monthly incidence characteristics of 2019 were consistent with previous years, and the annual incidence rate was 10.22/100 000(95% CI:2.33/100 000-30.43/100 000), which was higher than the incidence of 2018. Conclusions The incidence of scarlet fever in Hubei Province is generally on the rise from 2010 to 2018. The incidence is bimodal. Students are the main disease group. The incidence rate of males is higher. The incidence is mainly concentrated in the mountainous areas of southwest and capital cities. The ARIMA model has a good applicability in the prediction of scarlet fever. The incidence level will continue to rise in 2019, and it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and control measures with reference to epidemiological characteristics.

Child ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Histocompatibility Testing ; standards ; Humans ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; therapy ; Transplantation, Homologous ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the variance and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from children with infectious diseases seen between 2001 and 2006 in Chengdu area.

METHODSA total of 2888 pathogenic bacterial strains isolated from children in Chengdu Children's Hospital from 2001 to 2006 were analyzed. Tests were performed according to the guidelines of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) of the United States.

RESULT(1) Of the 2888 strains, 1845 (63.9%) were Gram negative bacteria. The main pathogenic bacteria included Escherichia coli (Ec, 718 strain, 24.9%), Hemophilus (H, 476 strain, 16.5%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp, 412 strain, 14.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp, 369 strain, 12.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (Sa, 353 strain, 12.2%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (Se, 278 strain, 9.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa, 146 strain, 5.1%) and other non-zymocyte (Onz, 136 strain, 4.7%). (2) The common pathogens found in blood specimen were 158 strain, which included Se (78 strain, 49.4%), Ec (23 strain, 14.6%), Kp (17 strain, 10.8%), Sa (14 strain, 8.9%), Onz (14 strain, 8.9%), Sp (7 strain, 4.4%) and Pa (5 strain, 3.2%). (3) The number of common pathogens isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infection was 2018, including Ec (441 strains, 21.9%), H (430 strains, 21.3%), Sp (368 strains, 18.2%), Kp (253 strains, 12.5%), Sa (207 strains, 10.3%), Se (149 strains, 7.3%), Pa (97 strains, 4.8%) and Onz (73 strains, 3.6%). (4) There were 120 strains of common pathogens isolated from urine specimens, including Ec (78 strains, 65%), Kp (25 strains, 20.8%), Onz (7 strains, 5.8%), Pa (5 strains, 4.2%) and Se (5 strains, 4.2%). (5) There were 497 strains of common pathogens found in pus specimens, including Ec 167 strains, (33.6%), Sa (126 strains, 25.4%), Se (46 strains, 9.3%), H (44 strains, 8.9%), Onz (37 stains, 7.4%), Kp (31 strains, 6.2%), Sp (26 strains, 5.2%) and Pa (20 strain, 4.0%). The trend of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics deteriorated. The proportion of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 6.7% and the methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) rate was 20% in 2001 - 2003. The total proportion of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase stains (ESBL(S)) in Ec and Kp was 21.8%, and the rate of beta-lactamase production stains of Hemophilus influenzae (Hi) was 19.4% in 2001 - 2003.The proportion of MRSA was 17.2% and the MRCNS rate was 70.2%, the total proportion of ESBL(S) in Ec and Kp was 43.8%, and the rate of beta-lactamase producing stains of Hi was 39.7% in 2004 - 2006.

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of common pathogenic bacteria seen in Chengdu Children's Hospital has changed and the trend of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics deteriorated in recent three years. Regionally monitoring the changes in pathogenic bacteria and the trend of drug resistance to antibiotics is paramount in guiding the pediatric clinical treatment.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacterial Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; drug effects ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular basis for three pedigrees affected with hypophosphatemia vitamin D resistant rickets (X-linked hypophosphatemia, XLH).

METHODSPeripheral blood samples from the three pedigrees were collected. Following DNA extraction, the 11 exons and flanking regions of the PHEX gene were subjected to PCR amplification and direct sequencing. Pathogenicity of identified mutations was evaluated through genotype-phenotype correlation.

RESULTSFor pedigrees 1 and 2, pathogenic mutations were respectively identified in exon 8 (c.871C>T, p.R291X) and exon 15 (c.1601C>T, p.P534L) of the PHEX gene. For pedigree 3, a novel mutation (c.1234delA, p.S412Vfs*12) was found in exon 11 of the PHEX gene, which caused shift the reading frame and premature termination of protein translation.

CONCLUSIONThe three mutations probably account for the XLH in the affected pedigrees. The discovery of novel mutations has enriched the spectrum of PHEX gene mutations.

To discuss the application of complex networks models in preventing and controlling communicable disease, analyze and control the spread of infectious diseases by using the models and the software of complex networks based on its basic properties. Compared with conventional epidemiological approach, the complex networks theory, as a new theory, not only can describe the dynamic process of infections diseases spreading but also forecast the situation of infectious disease. The influence of the network's topology on the infections diseases transmission can be deeply understood through the research on disease spreading by its theory, so to control the spread of diseases. Complex networks theory approach can be used in epidemiological research for having much advantage compared with those conventional epidemiological approaches.

BACKGROUNDMutations of the LMNA gene encoding lamin A and C are associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), conduction system defects and skeletal muscle dystrophy. Here we report a family with a mutation of the LMNA gene to identify the relationship between genotype and phenotype.

METHODSAll 30 members of the family underwent clinical and genetic evaluation. A mutation analysis of the LMNA gene was performed. All of the 12 exons of LMNA gene were extended with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the PCR products were screened for gene mutation by direct sequencing.

RESULTSTen members of the family had limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) and 6 are still alive. Two patients suffered from DCM. Cardiac arrhythmias included atrioventricular block and atrial fibrillation; sudden death occurred in 2 patients. The pattern of inheritance was autosomal dominant. Mutation c.73C > G (R25G) in exon 1 encoding the globular domains was confirmed in all of the affected members, resulting in the conversion of arginine (Arg) to glycine (Gly).

CONCLUSIONSThe mutation R25G in exon 1 of LMNA gene we reported here in a Chinese family had a phenotype of malignant arrhythmia and mild LGMD, suggesting that patients with familial DCM, conduction system defects and skeletal muscle dystrophy should be screened by genetic testing for the LMNA gene.

Adult ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; genetics ; Exons ; Humans ; Lamin Type A ; genetics ; Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle ; genetics ; Mutation