Protamex,flavorzyme and neutrase were used for bienzyme hydrolysis of Mytilus edulis.Protamex and flavorzyme were determined as the optimal hydrolases by analysis of hydrolysis effects.After bienzyme hydrolysis,ester forming yeast fermentation was used to prepare seasoner.The effects of fermentation of single or compound strains on the value of FAN were detected by formaldehyde titration method.The results showed that the value of FAN was 0.65% when the conditions of ester forming yeast 1274 were as follows:inoculation volume 5%(v/v),fermentation temperature 28℃ and culture time 72h after bienzyme hydrolysis;the value of FAN was 0.78% when the hydrolytic solution was fermented by compound strains including ester forming yeast 1274 and 1202 under the same fermentation conditions.After fermentation of ester forming yeast,the seasoner gave a full-bodied smell of ester with fermentation flavour.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical outcomes of posterior malleolar fractures with medial-extension type through posterioromedial and posteriorlateral incision.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to January 2011,25 patients with posterior malleolar fractures with medial-extension type were treated by hollow lag screw. Among them, 15 patients were treated through posteromedial incision,including 9 males and 6 females,aged from 21 to 67 years old with an average of 48.1 +/- 1.3; there were 5 cases with type A, 6 cases with type B and 4 cases with type C,according to Denis-Weber classification. Ten patients were treated by through posterior-lateral incision,including 6 males and 4 females, aged from 23 to 64 years old with an average of 46.9 +/- 1.5; there were 3 cases with type A, 5 cases with type B and 2 cases with type C,according to Denis-Weber classification. Operation time, blood loss, length of incision, times of X-ray exposure and complications of two groups were recorded and compared, Baird-Jackson effective evaluation were applied for evaluate clinical outcomes.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 49 months with an average of 20.6 months. There were significant differences in operation time, blood loss, times of X-ray exposure and complications between two group (P < 0.05). While there was no obvious meaning in clinical outcomes between two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTreating posterior malleolar fractures with medial-extension type through posteromedial approach can expose and fix fracture under direct vision, has advantages of shorter operation time, less X-ray exposure and blood loss, is a good choice of surgical approach.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Fractures ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Tarsal Bones ; injuries ; surgery

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Ethanol ; toxicity ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism

In order to make students have integrative qualities and reform the shortage of former teaching methods in the food microbiology experiment,a new experiment teaching system was established,introducina the integrative and innovative experiment to the students gradually.The reformation of experiment in food microbiology has trained the students well and improved their special skills.Most important of all,it can offer them a chance to realize their own ideas.The students can design an innovative and integrative experiment to carry out their originalities.Good effects have been made since this system is very helpful to improve their consciousness of innovation and integrative abilities in doing experiments.

Objective To study in vitro the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the proliferation and differentiation of cultured myoblasts,and to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind any therapeutic effect of LIPUS.Methods Myoblasts were isolated from the skeletal muscles of mice and cultured in vitro.Treatment and control groups of proliferating and differentiating myoblasts were defined.The treatment groups were exposed to LIPUS at 1.5 MHz and a spatial and temporal average intensity of 30 mW/cm2,for 20 min daily,the proliferation group for 6 consecutive days and the differentiation group for 4 consecutive days.The cell proliferation kinetics of the proliferation group were analyzed using flow cytometry.The expression of myogenic regulation factor MyoD and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the proliferation group,and of myosin heavy chain (MHC) in the differentiation group were examined by immunofluorescent staining.Myoblast fusion indexes were analyzed.Results In the LIPUS treatment groups the proliferating myoblasts had a higher ratio of active cells in the G2 and S phases (19.30％ ±5.14％,37.00％ ±8.72％),compared with the controls (10.33％ ± 1.53％,25.00％ ±4.36％),and the proliferation index increased significantly.The expression of HO-1 was up-regulated,while MyoD staining was unchanged.During the induction of differentiation,the myoblasts of the treatment group fused into smaller myotubes and the myoblast fusion index (18.73％ ± 6.81％) was significantly lower than that of the control group (37.52％ ± 11.23％),while MHC expression did not change markedly.Conclusion LIPUS can promote myoblast proliferation while inhibiting their differentiation,but it does not affect the cells' myogenic properties.HO-1 may be involved in the regulation process.

Objective To investigate the effects of high flow hemodialysis (HFHD) on cardiac function in uremia patients. Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. Sixty patients who were diagnosed with uremia, taken maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and 30 healthy controls admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Guiyang from December 2014 to June 2015 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups:HFHD group (HFHD three times a week) and the routine hemodialysis group (HD group, HD three times a week), with 30 in each group. Patients in each group were received hemoperfusion and hemofiltration once a month. Before the treatment and 6 months after the treatment, venous blood from all the patients were collected for testing the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and the ultrasound cardiograph were done at the same period by a special person, the left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), the left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), interventricular septum thickness (IVST), early and late diastolic blood flow to the largest ratio (E/A), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were recorded. Results Compared with the health control group, BNP, cTnT, LVEDD, LVESD, LVESV, LVPWT, IVST were significantly increased, LVEDV were significantly lowered before treatment in the HD group and HFHD group. But no significant differences in the above indexes and E/A, LVEF, LVMI between two groups were found. Compared with the data before treatment, the BNP, LVPWT were significantly lowered after treatment in HD group [BNP (ng/L): 641.50±60.09 vs. 2676.20±454.30, LVPWT (mm): 10.57±1.16 vs. 12.57±1.41, both P < 0.05]. The BNP, LVPWT were significantly lowered in HFHD group as compared with HD group [BNP (ng/L): 253.10±48.77 vs. 641.50±60.09, LVPWT (mm): 9.29±1.08 vs. 10.57±1.16, both P < 0.05]; in addition, the cTnT, IVST, LVMI were significantly lowered after the treatment in HFHD group compared with those before treatment [cTnT (μg/L): 0.014±0.005 vs. 0.028±0.011, IVST (mm): 7.81±1.69 vs. 11.04±2.23, LVMI (g/m2): 149.10±15.77 vs. 158.70±17.25, all P < 0.05], and the LVEF were significantly increased in HFHD group as compared with those before treatment (0.574±0.068 vs. 0.528±0.082, P < 0.05). Conclusion HFHD has obvious advantages than the routine HD in improving cardiac function of uremia patients.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases

Adult ; Aged ; Brucellosis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; therapy

Animals ; Carcinogens ; toxicity ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urethane ; toxicity

Adult ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; blood ; Humans ; Lead ; toxicity ; Male ; Occupational Exposure