Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature

Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Points ; Humans ; Meridians

Acupuncture Points ; Humans

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians

Acupuncture Points ; Head ; anatomy & histology ; Humans

The integrin is a family of membrane receptor proteins composed of heterologous dimer , it can identify the sequence RGD .Integrin excessive expressed in tumor cells and angiogenesis .Using their special relationship a-mong them, the RGD as the carrier, combined with the radioactive tracer , antineoplastic drugs and other substances,which has tumoraffin imaging ,targeted anticancer therapy ,anti-inflammatory,anti depression effect and bone and nerve repair , and so on .

After reading the article, Tracing Origin and Development of "Fenglong (ST 40) for Phlegm": Examination and Verification published in Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion, the authors collected the original evidences also for the effect of Fenglong (ST 40) on phlegm disorders by tracing from 9 ancient books of acupuncture and moxibustion, explored the standardized expressions of its indications and analyzed the changes of its indications. In that article, it was viewed that the effect of Fenglong (ST 40) started to be generalized in treatment of phlegm disorders since the Ming Dynasty. On contrary, we believes that Fenglong (ST 40) works on strengthening the spleen and resolving dampness for the disorders caused by the broad meaning of "phlegm/damp". Based on it, since the Ming Dynasty, the effect of Fenglong (ST 40) is extended specifically for the disorders caused by the visible sputum from the lung, the narrowing mean of "phlegm". Hence, if "Fenglong (ST 40) for phlegm" is considered as an academic point of view, it needs an adequate evidences to expound and prove.
Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Moxibustion ; Mucus

BACKGROUNDUsing tissue Doppler imaging and conventional echocardiographic technique, we examined the cardiac function and synchronicity in individuals with isolated right bundle branch block (RBBB) or left bundle branch block (LBBB) and assessed the relationship between QRS duration and synchronicity.

METHODSSubjects with isolated RBBB (n = 20), LBBB (n = 10) and normal controls (n = 20) were studied with conventional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging. The difference between aortic and pulmonary preejection intervals was defined as interventricular delay. Parameters in septum and lateral wall were measured using tissue Doppler imaging, including peak sustained systolic velocity (S(M)), peak early (E(M)) and late (A(M)) diastolic velocities as well as time to peak velocities (T(S), T(E) and T(A)).

RESULTSSubjects with LBBB had lower S(M) and longer T(S) than did the RBBB and control groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.001 respectively). A significant difference was observed in E(M), being the lowest in the LBBB and the highest in the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, T(E) was longer in the LBBB group compared with the other two groups (P < 0.001). Both A(M) and T(A) were similar among three groups (P > 0.05). In the bundle branch block groups, one ventricle lagged about 40 ms behind the other. A significant correlation was found between interventricular delay and QRS duration (r = 0.713, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSCardiac ventricles were not well synchronized with one ventricle lagging about 40 ms behind the other in subjects with LBBB or RBBB, even though only LBBB group showed barely perceptible, impaired cardiac function. In addition, QRS duration and cardiac asynchronicity were positively correlated.

Adult ; Aged ; Bundle-Branch Block ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Diastole ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; methods ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Systole

Previous studies proposed that the synergistic effect of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) and insulin may be due to the improvement of insulin sensitivity by FGF-21. However, there is no experimental evidence to support this. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of synergistic effect of FGF-21 and insulin in the regulation of glucose metabolism. The synergistic effect of FGF-21 and insulin on regulating glucose metabolism was demonstrated by investigating the glucose absorption rate by insulin resistance HepG2 cell model and the blood glucose chances in type 2 diabetic db/db mice after treatments with different concentrations of FGF-21 or/and insulin; The synergistic metabolism was revealed through detecting GLUT1 and GLUT4 transcription levels in the liver by real-time PCR method. The experimental results showed that FGF-21 and insulin have a synergistic effect on the regulation of glucose metabolism. The results of real-time PCR showed that the effective dose of FGF-21 could up-regulate the transcription level of GLUT1 in a dose-dependent manner, but had no effect on the transcription level of GLUT4. Insulin (4 u) alone could up-regulate the transcription level of GLUT4, yet had no effect on that of GLUT1. Ineffective dose 0.1 mg kg(-1) FGF-21 alone could not change the transcription level of GLUT1 or GLUT4. However, when the ineffective dose 0.1 mg x kg(-1) FGF-21 was used in combination with insulin (4 u) significantly increased the transcription levels of both GLUT1 and GLUT4, the transcription level of GLUT1 was similar to that treated with 5 time concentration of FGF-21 alone; the transcription level of GLUT4 is higher than that treated with insulin (4 u) alone. In summary, in the presence of FGF-21, insulin increases the sensitivity of FGF-21 through enhancing GLUT1 transcription. Vice versa, FGF-21 increases the sensitivity of insulin by stimulating GLUT4 transcription in the presence of insulin. FGF-21 and insulin exert a synergistic effect on glucose metabolism through mutual sensitization.
Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; Drug Synergism ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; metabolism ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; metabolism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Insulin ; pharmacology ; Insulin Resistance ; Liver ; metabolism ; Mice