Objective To investigate the alterations of serological endothelin(ET) in patients with kawasaki disease(KD) and its relation with coronary dilatation(CAD).Methods Serological ET were measured in 50 cases of patients with KD in acute phase as well as subacute phase; 30 cases of patients with acute febrile infection(IC) in infective phases and 30 healthy children(HC).Results 1.ET in subacute phase significantly increased than that in acute phase.2.In both acute and subacute phases of KD, ET significantly elevated higher than that in HC; and ET in subacute phase significantly elevated than that of IC. 3. Fifty-four percentage patients with KD were complicated with CAD. For CAD subgroup, ET had no difference with CAD subgroup in subacute phase.Conclusion ET has still increases in subacute of KD,which indicates the relation with coronary artery lesion.

Objective To observe the dynamic change of cerebral blood flow of newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods Cerebral blood flow of middle cerebral artery and pulsatility index(PI) on 75 newborns with HIE and 50 normal infants were examined with transcranial doppler sonography at different time points,and the relations between cerebral blood flow and clinic indexes were analyzed.Results The blood velocity of normal infants increased gradually, and PI decreased from 2 to 5 days.The velocities were lower than that of normal infants,and PI was higher at 12th hour and 1st day, but during 2-5 days,the velocities got higher and PI got lower, in which the decrease of velocities correlated positively with Apgar scores and the increase of velocities were negatively correlative to Apgar scores.Compared with the neonates who had poor prognosis retrospectively with those had good prognosis, the velocity changes were found to be more significant.Conclusion The change of cerebral blood flow can show the pathophysiology of HIE and prognosticate the prognosis of neonates with HIE.

Aim The relative bioavailability of domestic ibudilast sustained release capsules in healthy volunteers was observed.Methods A single oral dose of 20 mg of imported and domestic ibudilast sustained release capsules and 10 mg of ibudilast raw material was separately given to 12 healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover study. Ibudilast concentration in plasma was determined by HPLC method.Results The Cmax were (54.9?9.7),(60.7?9.1) and (62.2?11.5) ?g?L-1; the tmax were (3.8?0.8),(3.9?0.8) and (1.8?0.3) h;the t1/2(ke) were (1.5?1.4),(12.1?1.0) and (3.5?0.5) h,and the AUC(0～t) were (618.1?57.7),(588.1?66.6) and (233.0?46.4) ?g?h?L-1 in imported capsule group, domestic capsule group and raw material group respectively. The relative bioavailability of domestic sustained release capsules of ibudilast is (95.6?11.0)%. Conclusion The results of statistical analysis demonstrate that the imported and domestic sustained capsules have significant character of significantly sustained release and are bioequivalent.

Objective To observe the expression of matrix metalloproteinases(MMP)-1,MMP-3 and iNOS in cartilage of experimental rabbit osteoarthritis at different time intervals after anterior cruciate ligament transection(ACLT)operation.The aim of this study is to provide the theoritical evidence for using ACLT rabbit model in Osteoarthritis(OA)research.Methods Unilateral ACLT was performed on 27 randomly selected while rabbits and underwent unilateral arthrotomy was performed on the other 9 white rabbits as the control group.Nine randomly selected white rabbits in experimental group were killed and 3 white rabbits in the control group at 4th,8th and 12th week respectively.Cartilage degradation of femoral condyles was evaluated macr-oscopically,mRNA expression level and protein expression level of MMP-1,MMP-3 and iNOS was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results Forepart OA cartilage degradation was observed at the 4th week and became more severe at the 8th week after ACLF.Afterpart cartilage degradation was evident at the 12th week after ACLT while cartilage still remained normal in the control group,mRNA expression level and protein expression level of MMP-1.MMP-3 and iNOS were increased at the 4th week and became higher gradually at the 8th,12th week after ACLT compared with the control group.Expression distribution of MMP-1,MMP-3 and iNOS bad different patterns respectively.Conclusion It is suggested that the process of OA cartilage degradation can be simulated by ACLT model and MMP-1,MMP-3 and iNOS may be good markers in therapeutical research of OA.

Objective To investigate the roles and significances of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis by repeated renal biopsy.Methods Seventeen patients diagnosed by renal biopsy as WHO typeⅣlupus nephritis were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining for MMP-2 and MMP-9. Double staining for MMP-2 and MT1-MMP,MMP-9 and CD68 were also performed.Patients had repeated renal biopsy after followed up for 2.5 years.The relationship between expressions of gelatinases and pathological activity index and clinical data were studied.Results MMP-2 immunoreactivity was detected in normal controls and was increased in diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis.MMP-9 staining,which was almost negative in normal giomeruli,was increased much more significantly in diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis. The immunoreactivity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was positive in MT1-MMP staining and CD68-positive macrophages, respectively.The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was reduced by 70% and 62% in 10 patients whose clinical condition was partially alleviated,while the expressions in 7 patients whose clinical condition was not alleviated,were only reduced by 27% and 32%.The staining for MMP-2 and MMP-9 were correlated with activity index of lupus nephritis and proteinuria.Conclusion Up-regulation of gelatinases expression in diffuse proliferate lupus nephritis is correlated to activity index of the disease.

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism and significance of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) of neonates infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV).

METHODSEighty-four HBsAg-positive and HBeAg-negative mothers and their newborns were recruited in this study. Sixteen hepatitis B virus markers (HBVM)-negative mothers and their neonates were served as control. All these cases had no symptoms of hepatitis, serious pregnancy complications and preexisting disease. Age, gestational age and the method of delivery were matched in two groups (P > 0.05). Five ml blood samples were taken from the peripheral vein of the pregnant women before delivery and from neonates within 24 hours after birth, before inoculation of HBV vaccine (HBVac). Serum and PBMC were isolated from 2 ml and 3 ml samples respectively. The sera, PBMC and the last supernatant of PBMC washing were stored at -80 degrees C. HBVM of neonates were detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HBV DNA in serum, PBMC and the last supernatant of PBMC washing of mothers and neonates were detected by using a nested-polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR). Two pairs of oligonucleotide primers, the outer primer pair for first PCR and inner primer pair for second PCR, designed according to region S of HBV genome were synthesized at Shanghai Cell Biology Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences. The neonates who were HBV DNA positive in PBMC but HBsAg and HBV DNA negative in serum were followed up for one year, HBsAb in serum and HBV DNA in PBMC were observed in the neonates.

RESULTS(1) The positive rate of HBV DNA in 84 serum and PBMC of mothers were 53.57% and 40.48%, respectively (chi(2) = 2.891, P > 0.05). All the results were weakly positive. (2) Twenty-four (28.57%) newborns in the study group were infected, including 7 who were only HBV DNA positive in serum, 11 only HBV DNA positive in PBMC and 6 in both, all the results were weakly positive. HBsAg was negative in all the newborns. None of the neonates in control group was infected with HBV. There was significant difference between the two groups (chi(2) = 4.55, P < 0.05). (3) Of all the study cases, 11 (13.10%) neonates were HBV DNA weakly positive in PBMC but HBsAg and HBV DNA negative in serum. Of their mothers, 5 were only HBV DNA positive in serum, 2 only positive in PBMC and 4 positive in both serum and PBMC. Seven of the 11 neonates were followed up for one year and at the end of follow-up, 4 were HBsAb positive and HBV DNA negative in PBMC; 3 were HBsAb negative, and among the 3 cases HBV DNA in 2 was still positive in PBMC, HBsAg and HBV DNA in serum were negative in all the 7 neonates.

CONCLUSION(1) HBV DNA positivity either in serum or in PBMC in mothers can result in infection of PBMC with HBV in their neonates. (2) PBMC infection with HBV can exist for a long time in neonates while HBsAg and HBV DNA are negative in serum, and may result in vaccination failure in neonates.

Case-Control Studies ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; virology ; Pregnancy

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; immunology ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; metabolism ; Th17 Cells ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of excessive fluoride,aluminum on Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg,Cuin rat blood.Methods Forty eight SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups matched with their weights:control group,high aluminum group,high fluorine group and high fluorine-aluminum group.Aluminum content in their drinking water was 0,90,0,90 mg/L respectively.Fluorine content of their feed was 5.2,5.2,106.0,106.0 mg/kg and aluminum Was 6.8,6.8,19.7,19.7 mg/kg respectively.90 days later,the level of blood Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg, Cu Was detected by the atomic absorption spectrometry.Results Compared among these groups,Zn,Fe,Mg and Cu content of the whole blood had significant difierences(F=46.25,14.74,6.10,2.93,P<0.05),while Ca content of the whole blood did not significantly change(F=2.81.P>0.05).Factorial analysis showed that excessive intake of aluminum could significantly decreased Zn,Fe,Mg content of the blood(F=42.66,5.41,7.04,P<0.05)and excessive intake of fluorine could significantly decreased Zn,Fe,Mg,Cu content of the blood(F=64.50,37.90,9.75,6.74, P<0.05).The coexistence offluorine and Muminum had interaction to the level of Zn(F=31.59,P<0.05)and did not obviously interact with other elements(F=0.91,1.63,1.51.0.00,P>0.05).Compared with the control group [(131.30 ±13.86)μmol/L,(10.24 ±1.02),(1.71 ±0.19)mmol/L,(20.43 ±4.42)μmol/L],Zn content in the high aluminum group[(90.84±9.98)μmol/L]decreased significantly(P<0.05),so did Zn,Fe,Mg content in tlle high fluorine group[(85.85 ±10.92)μmol/L,(8.49 ±0.68),(1.52 ±0.13)mmol/L],the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05)0Zn,Fe,Mg,Cu content in the high fluorine-aluminum group,being(82.82 ±11.00)μmol/L, (8.16±0.45),(1.46±0.09)mmoL/L,(15.69±2.38)μmol/L,respectively,all decreased signitlcarIdy(P<0.05). Compared with the high aluminum group[(9.43±1.09)mmol/L],Fe content of the high fluorine aluminum group[(8.16±0.45)mmol/L]decreased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusions Excessive fluoride can cause blood zn, Fe,Mg,Cu decline,so can excessive aluminum.Combination of excessive fluofine and aiuminum has 8ignificant synergic effect on the level of Zn but have rio influence on Ca.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the clinical features of hepatitis A in 1 629 children under 14 years of age treated in our department at various periods of time.

METHODSThe patients were divided into two groups: 1. Group A consisted of 883 patients treated from January 1984 to December 1990; 2. Group B consisted of 746 patients treated from January 1991 to December 2000. The clinical data of all the patients were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTS1. The average age was 7.17+/-3.27 and 8.78+/- 3.28 years (chi2=0.54, P>0.05) and the mean course of disease 26.25+/-16.96 and 25.65+/-12.58 days (chi2=0.29, P>0.05). 2. Double peak or multi-peak serum ALT was found in 89 patients. Four peaks of serum ALT was found in one patient. 3. HBsAg was found positive in 143 patients (8.80%). The mean course of disease was 34.40+/-25.86 and 25.20+/-15.43 days (chi2=146.5, P<0.001) in HBsAg positive and negative patients, respectively. 4. Liver puncture biopsy in 26 patients with hepatitis A showed that there was piecemeal necrosis in 2 patients.

CONCLUSIONS1. There was no significant delay in age of children with HAV infection in 1990s. There was no marked difference in the course of disease between the patients simultaneously receiving various drugs and those receiving one or two drugs. 2. The double peak or multi-peak of serum ALT in patients with hepatitis A might be related to liver damage caused by HAV and immune mechanism. 3. The major type of virus for combined infection in patients with hepatitis A is HBV. The course of disease was prolonged with combined infection of HBV. 4. Piecemeal necrosis might be seen in the liver of a small proportion of patients with hepatitis A alone, which may not be enough to suggest chronicity.

Adolescent ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hepatitis A ; diagnosis ; therapy ; virology ; Hepatitis B ; virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Superinfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of ionizing radiation on the expression of p16, CyclinD1, and CDK4 in mouse thymocytes and splenocytes.

METHODSFluorescent staining and flow cytometry analysis were employed for the measurement of protein expression.

RESULTSIn time course experiments, it was found that the expression of p16 protein was significantly increased at 8, 24, and 48 h for thymocytes (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05, respectively) and at 24 h for splenocytes (P < 0.05) after whole body irradiation (WBI) with 2.0 Gy X-rays. However, the expression of CDK4 protein was significantly decreased from 8 h to 24 h for thymocytes (P < 0.05-P < 0.01) and from 8 h to 72 h for splenocytes (P < 0.05-P < 0.01). In dose effect experiments, it was found that the expression of p16 protein in thymocytes and splenocytes was significantly increased at 24 h after WBI with 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 Gy (P < 0.05-P < 0.01), whereas the expression of CDK4 protein was significantly decreased with 2.0 Gy for thymocytes (P < 0.05) and 0.5-6.0 Gy for splenocytes (P < 0.05-P < 0.01). Results also showed that the expression of CyclinD1 protein decreased markedly in both thymocytes and splenocytes after exposure.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that the expression of p16 protein in thymocytes and splenocytes can be induced by ionizing radiation, and the p16-CyclinD1/CDK4 pathway may play an important role for G1 arrest of thymocytes induced by X-rays.

Animals ; Cyclin D1 ; biosynthesis ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; biosynthesis ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; biosynthesis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Flow Cytometry ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Radiation Dosage ; Spleen ; cytology ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Thymus Gland ; cytology ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; X-Rays