Objective To investigate the proportion and function of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ regulatory T cells (CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr)in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA).Methods(1)Proportion measurement:the proportion of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells in peripheral blood was measured by double-label flow cytometric analysis.The samples were taken from 15 URSA women,15 normal non-pregnancy women and 13 normal pregnancy women.(2)Function measurement:CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr ceils and CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T ce]ls were extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes by the microbeads separation.The purity of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells and CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry.The growth inhibitory effect of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells on CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T cells was assessed in vitro.Results The proportion of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells was decreased significantly in URSA women(6.9?1.8)% than that in normal non-pregnancy women[(10.8?1.1)%] (P0.05).Conclusion The results suggest that decrease in proportion and function of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells may be associated with URSA.

BACKGROUNDProteasome subunits (PSMB) and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) loci are located in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class II region play important roles in immune response and protein degradation in neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PSMB and TAP and Parkinson's disease (PD).

METHODSA case-control study was conducted by genotyping SNPs in PSMB8, PSMB9, TAP1, and TAP2 genes in the Chinese population. Subjects included 542 sporadic patients with PD and 674 healthy controls. Nine identified SNPs in PSMB8, PSMB9, TAP1, and TAP2 were genotyped through SNaPshot testing.

RESULTSThe stratified analysis of rs17587 was specially performed on gender. Data revealed that female patients carry a higher frequency of rs17587-G/G versus (A/A + G/A) compared with controls. But there was no significant difference with respect to the genotypic frequencies of the SNPs in PSMB8, TAP1, and TAP2 loci in PD patients.

CONCLUSIONChinese females carrying the rs17587-G/G genotype in PSMB9 may increase a higher risk for PD, but no linkage was found between other SNPs in HLA Class II region and PD.

ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 2 ; genetics ; ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 3 ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigen Presentation ; Case-Control Studies ; Cysteine Endopeptidases ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; immunology ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; genetics

Transcription factor EB(TFEB)is a member of the MiTF/TFE family and plays an important role in cell stress,metabolism,cancer and so on.There are relatively few studies on the role of TFEB in renal diseases.TFEB was initially found to be highly expressed in TFEB-fusion renal cell carcinoma and plays a key role in the development of re-nal cell carcinoma.Blocking the downstream signaling pathway activated by TFEB would be a promising treatment for TFEB-fusion renal cell carcinoma.On the contrary,the expression of TFEB in renal intrinsic cells is decreased in diabetic kidney disease,leading to a blockage in the autophagy-lysosome pathway.TFEB enhances the ability of cell stress and self-repair,and then delays the progress of diabetic kidney disease.In cystine nephropathy,TFEB expression is reduced in re-nal tubular epithelial cells and compensatory activation is insufficient as well.TFEB over-expression effectively eliminates intracellular cystine and repairs damaged lysosome,which is expected to alleviate or cure the Fanconi syndrome.In summa-ry,TFEB plays a key role in different kidney diseases,and targeted regulation of TFEB provides new hope for the treatment of kidney diseases.

OBJECTIVETo study the feasibility and effect of substituting esophagus with stomach or colon without thoracotomy in the treatment of cervical esophageal carcinoma with laryngeal function preserved.

METHODSTwenty-four patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. The esophagus was resected and substituted with 19 gastric pull-up and 5 colon interposition. Nineteen patients received radiotherapy postoperatively (dose 50 - 70 Gy).

RESULTSTwenty two patients were follow up over 3 years. The 3- and 5-year survival rates for T2 were 3 and 1, for T3, T4 8 and 3, respectively. The laryngeal function preservation rate was 77% (17/24) and the decannulation rate was 75% (12/16). The complication rate was 29%.

CONCLUSIONSurgical resection of cervical esophageal carcinoma with removal of the extraesophageal invaded tissues while preserving the laryngeal function is possible. The continuity of the esophagus is restored by stomach transposition and colon interposition. Combined with radiotherapy, the survival rate and life quality of the patient might be improved.

Adult ; Aged ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; mortality ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Esophagoplasty ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Larynx ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Survival Rate ; Thoracotomy

Objective To investigate the practices and experience in the organization and implementation process of prac-tical training drill for medical supply support .Methods To review and comment on the overall design ideas ,specific steps , practical effect and experience of medical supply support in practical training drill .Results Through six years of exploration and practice , we established a training method of implementation of practical training drill for medical supply support . Conclusion It is right and effective in the organization and implementation of practical training drill for medical supply support . It is necessary to continue improving the mode of organization and implementation with combination of practical teaching and re-search .

Objective To introduce the process and experience of construction of medical supplies support practice train-ing platform under informatization.Methods To review and comment the structure composition,functions implemented,ap-plications and experience of medical supplies support practice training platform.Results The medical supplies support practice training platform achieved four functions which are indoor deduction,simulation training,drill outdoor,participate in military health service exercise.Conclusion The medical supplies support practice training platform has achieved good effects in teach-ing and training,which has effectively promoted the teaching and training mode reform aimed at combat requirements.

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of chronic pain following breast cancer surgery and analyze the related factors.Methods Nine hundred and twelve patients following breast cancer surgery were enrolled in the Department of Breast Surgery,Affiliated Hospital,Academy of Military Medical Sciences.The Douleur Neuropathique-4 (DN-4) questionnaire was used to identify neuropathic pain,and the related factors were statistically analyzed.Results The follow-up was completed in 821 patients,including 263 (32％) patients with chronic pain.DN-4 score of 47 (17.9％)patients was over 4 points.There was significant difference between the painful group and the non-painful group in methods of surgery and axillary lymph node dissection (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Findings suggest that chronic pain after breast cancer surgery is a significant problem clinically.Proper surgery and psychological buildup are of clinical value in preventing post-surgery chronic pain.

BACKGROUNDMatrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) plays an important role in atherosclerosis. This study was to examine expression of MMP-1 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to explore its relationship with atherosclerosis in SLE.

METHODSFluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to examine the expression of MMP-1 mRNA in PBMCs in 80 SLE patients, including 39 prone to atherosclerosis (Group A) and 41 unprone to atherosclerosis (Group B). Meanwhile, 30 patients who were free of cardiovascular diseases and 30 healthy individuals were selected as disease and normal control group (Groups C and D). The changes of MMP-1 gene expression were analyzed by differences of cycle threshold (DeltaCt), with the following formula: DeltaCt = Ct(target) gene - Ct(reference) gene.

RESULTSThe expression level of MMP-1 mRNA in Group A was significantly higher than that of group B (DeltaCt = 8.64 +/- 2.43 vs DeltaCt = 12.09 +/- 2.26, t = 6.588, P < 0.01). The expression level of MMP-1 mRNA of SLE patients was significantly higher than that of Group C (DeltaCt = 10.41 +/- 2.90 vs DeltaCt = 12.29 +/- 2.51, t = 3.135, P < 0.01) and Group D (DeltaCt = 10.41 +/- 2.90 vs DeltaCt = 12.48 +/- 1.69, t = 3.675, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSIn comparison to disease and control group, expression of MMP-1 mRNA in PBMCs of SLE patients was significantly elevated, and significant difference of MMP-1 mRNA expression was also found between SLE patients prone and unprone to atherosclerosis, indicating that expression of MMP-1 mRNA may be correlated with the pathogenesis and activity of atherosclerosis in SLE.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; genetics ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; enzymology ; genetics ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDNurr1 plays an essential role in the development, survival, and function maintenance of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons, and it is a potential target for Parkinson's disease (PD). Nurr1 mRNA can be detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), but whether there is any association of altered Nurr1 expression in PBMC with the disease and DA drug treatments remains elusive. This study aimed to measure the Nurr1 mRNA level in PBMC and evaluate the effect of Nurr1 expression by DA agents in vivo and in vitro.

METHODSThe mRNA levels of Nurr1 in PBMC of four subgroups of 362 PD patients and 193 healthy controls (HCs) using real-time polymerase chain reaction were measured. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed to evaluate the differences between PD and HC, as well as the subgroups of PD. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent association of Nurr1 expression with Hoehn and Yahr scale, age, and drug treatments. Besides, the Nurr1 expression in cultured PBMC was measured to determine whether DA agonist pramipexole affects its mRNA level.

RESULTSThe relative Nurr1 mRNA levels in DA agonists treated subgroup were significant higher than those in recent-onset cases without any anti-PD treatments (de novo) (P < 0.001) and HC groups (P < 0.010), respectively. Furthermore, the increase in Nurr1 mRNA expression was seen in DA agonist and L-dopa group. Multivariate linear regression showed DA agonists, L-dopa, and DA agonists were independent predictors correlated with Nurr1 mRNA expression level in PBMC. In vitro, in the cultured PBMC treated with 10 μmol/L pramipexole, the Nurr1 mRNA levels were significantly increased by 99.61%, 71.75%, 73.16% in 2, 4, and 8 h, respectively (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSDA agonists can induce Nurr1 expression in PBMC, and such effect may contribute to DA agonists-mediated neuroprotection on DA neurons.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Dopamine Agonists ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 ; genetics ; Parkinson Disease ; drug therapy ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Young Adult

This paper reviews the research progress of nurses' resilience from the definition and classification, evaluation tools, influencing factors and intervention status. In addition, the paper also explores the current situation and development trend of nurses' resilience research to point out that further research on nurses' resilience in China can deepen the research on factors of nurses' resilience.We should strengthen the intervention of nurses' resilience, develop localized measuring tools of nurses' team resilience, and strengthen the direction of qualitative research and longitudinal research.