A better understanding of the function of spleen has been gained recently,owing to the in-depth studies on the structure,cellular function,secretion and innervation of spleen.It is generally accepted that the spleen is the important part of the regulation network between immune,nerve and endocrine system.The spleen has much more functions besides blood filtering and storing,haematogenesis,and immunization,and its immune function has characteristics of two-way and phase.But further study is still needed for the precise evaluation of function of the spleen,especially the spleen on the pathologic state,clarification of the pathogenesis of hypersplenism,and the relationship between spleen and other organs.Here we introduced the progress of fundamental research of the spleen from multiple perspectives.

Abstract: Objective　 This article aims to present a rare case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) complicated by with bacteraemia caused by Campylobacter jejuni, and to discuss the pathogenic characteristics, culture methods, clinical features and treatment points of Campylobacter jejuni and the patient's outcome, with a view to raising clinical awareness of blood culture and providing experience for the treatment of this disease. Methods　The clinical data of a case with SFTS complicated by bacteremia caused by Campylobacter jejuni admitted to Weihai Municipal Hospital were collected and the diagnostic process of the pathogenic bacteria as well as the treatment plan were retrospectively analysed. Results　The patient was a female who had been bitten by a tick bite half a month ago and presented to the hospital on 30th August with a fever, vague pain in the peribulbar abdomen and diarrhea for 5 days. Laboratory tests showed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and nucleic acid detection for SFTS was positive, resulting in a diagnosis of SFTS. After a week of antiviral treatment with ribavirin and symptomatic treatment, the patient suddenly experienced high fever at night, with a temperature reaching 39.5 °C. Blood cultures were immediately taken from both sides of the double bottle. Bilateral anaerobic bottles were tested for positive after 53.06 hours, and Gram-negative Campylobacter was cultured anaerobically in a transfer blood plate and further identified as Campylobacter jejuni using mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF MS. Vancomycin was stopped clinically on the basis of bacterial pathogenesis and meropenem was used for anti-infection and symptomatic treatment. During the treatment, blood culture and nucleic acid detection for SFTS turned negative, and the patient's symptoms improved. After normal results were achieved in the follow-up testing, the patient was discharged. Conclusions　This case serves as a reminder that Campylobacter jejuni not only causes intestinal infections, but can also lead to extra-intestinal infections in immunocompromised individuals. Clinical and laboratory personnel should increase their recognition of Campylobacter jejuni, prioritize blood culture methods, and utilize a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment.

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Colposcopy ; Conization ; Electrosurgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Vaginal Smears

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the expression function of substance P and the formation of osteoclasts in the periodontal tissues after the inferior alveolar nerve sectioned in rats.

METHODSThirty Wistar male rats were used in the experiment and were divided into six groups (n = 5) randomly: 0 d (normal), 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d, and 28 d. The periodontal tissues were removed from the denervation of the inferior alveolar nerve in rats. The periodontal tissues were checked by paraffin sections through immunohistochemical staining to trace the expression of substance P and through tratrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining to detect the osteoclasts. The average optical density and osteoclast were measured, and the obtained data was statistically analyzed.

RESULTSThe expression level of substance P in the first three days decreased significantly after the inferior alveolar nerve was cut. In addition, the lowest expression level was measured after 7 d. Normal levels in the periodontal tissue were measured after 21 d. In addition, we found that osteoclasts vary proportionally with the changes in substance P.

CONCLUSIONThe changes in substance P is positively correlated with the quantity of osteoclasts after the inferior alveolar nerve section. Therefore, we deduce that substance P may regulate the differentiation of osteoclasts formation, and thereby participate in the balancing of aveular bone metabolism.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal perioperative care pathway designed to achieve early recovery for patients undergoing major surgery.The ERAS programs aim to reduce traumatic stress and postoperative complications,improve full recovery of patients or combine and coordinate evidence-based perioperative care interventions that support standardizing and optimizing surgical care.The international working group assembled by the ERAS Society composed the 2014 Consensus guidelines for enhanced recovery after gastrectomy Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS(@)) Society recommendations in July 2014.This guideline is designed for optimal perioperative care for patients undergoing gastrectomy.This paper presented the understanding of hot issues of the guidelines in order to provide the clinical evidence of evidence-based medicine for the surgical field in China.

AIM: To investigate the cellular biological effects of matrine on K562 and K562/Vin cells and discuss the anticancer mechanism of matrine. METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect the IC_ 50 of matrine on these two cell lines and the reversal effect of matrine on K562/Vin cell's resistance to vincristine. In addition, the growth curve of cells was drawed. The p-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression was determined by immunohistochemistry analysis. The morphological changes of cells under light microscopy and the structural changes under transmission electron microscope were observed. RT-PCR assay was used to detect the hTERT-mRNA expression. RESULTS: The IC_ 50 of matrine was 3.4, 4.6 mmol?L -1 for K562 and K562/Vin cells, respectively. Matrine (4.0 mmol?L -1) inhibited the growth of K562, K562/Vin cells, 2.0 mmol?L -1 matrine inhibited expression of P-gp and with 492.4 reversal index. Matrine killed K562 cells by inducing the apoptosis and the same effect on K562/Vin cells was also observed. The hTERT-mRNA expression of K562 cells were also inhibited by matrine. CONCLUSIONS: Matrine enhanced the cytotoxicity of vincristine in K562/Vin cells, induced the apoptosis of K562 and K562/Vin cells, also inhibited the hTERT-mRNA expression in K562 cells. It shows that matrine would be an effective anticancer medicine.

Usually, the rape cases should include the evidence of both violence and sexual intercourse. These important evidences often were consist of mechanical injury, use of drugs and biological materials. Due to the rape pathway and the client behavior, there were some different showings in the type, feature, position of damage and also the biological species, legacy parts, legacy object etc. They were easily losed If ignored the process of collecting the biological materials. In this article, we summarized the elevant information and technical details related the ifnding, harvesting and testing of damage, drugs, biological examples. Meanwhile, we concerned the occurrence time, environment, regional, criminal methods, and the professional characteristics of suspects and victims. Hopefully the paper can give a hand to police.

A pyelonephritis model of mouse is made by c. albicans infection. The determination of im-mune functions in model show that, both proliferation response of T cell to ConA and IL-2 activ-iting of spleenocytes of model animal to inductionwith ConA increased at 30 days after injected.The proliferation response of B cell to stimulation with LPS inhanced from 15 through 30 days,primary Ab response of model animal to SRBC stimulation inhanced between 15-30 days afterimmunization. DTH response to stimulation with c. albicans protein Ag raised since 15 days andup to peak at 30 days. Agglutination titer of serum raised up 15 days, and remained at higherlevel untill 30 days.

Objective The recurrence and metastasis of malignant tumor could affect the survival of patients. Early detection of cancer cells in peripheral blood and effective therapy promptly are of clinical importance. The present study was to investigate the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA expression and serum CEA level in blood from patients with colorectal cancer and to evaluate its clinical significance. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 35 eligible patients with colorectal cancer and 9 post operative patients. CEA mRNA was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) and serum CEA was detected by time resolved fluorometric methods. Results The positive rate of CEA mRNA in blood samples of 35 patients with colorectal cancer was 45.7%, and 2.7% in healthy volunteers. Two of the nine post operative patients (22.2%) showed CEA mRNA positive. The positive rate increases with the pathological staging and showed no significant relation with the malignant extent of cell differentiation. Serum CEA mRNA positive rates in patients with CEA positivity (72.2%) were significantly higher than those in patients with negative CEA mRNA expression (42.3%).Conclusion The expression of CEA mRNA in peripheral blood cells correlates with the pathological staging of colorectal cancer and it could be of potential use to monitor the micrometastases of tumor. Long term follow up is needed to evaluate its clinical significance.

The genesis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC)is a complicated biology process involve in multiple factors.It has been paid more attention to the genetic susceptibility in the pathogenesis and development of PHC.As the third generation of molecular genetic marker,single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)becomes a hot topic in the research field of PHC.This article summarized the research evolution of the relationship between the susceptible gene SNP of PHC and PHC susceptibility.