Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Humans ; Periodontal Diseases ; immunology ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th17 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

Objective To investigate the proportion and function of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ regulatory T cells (CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr)in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA).Methods(1)Proportion measurement:the proportion of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells in peripheral blood was measured by double-label flow cytometric analysis.The samples were taken from 15 URSA women,15 normal non-pregnancy women and 13 normal pregnancy women.(2)Function measurement:CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr ceils and CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T ce]ls were extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes by the microbeads separation.The purity of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells and CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry.The growth inhibitory effect of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells on CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T cells was assessed in vitro.Results The proportion of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells was decreased significantly in URSA women(6.9?1.8)% than that in normal non-pregnancy women[(10.8?1.1)%] (P0.05).Conclusion The results suggest that decrease in proportion and function of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ Tr cells may be associated with URSA.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of calorie restriction on the high fat diet rats mRNA expressions of liver forkhead box O1(FoxO1), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-P) and to explore the possible mechanisms.

METHODS24 normal 6-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal chow group (NC, n = 7), high fat diet group (HF, n = 9) and calorie restriction group (CR, n = 8). They were fed for 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed and their fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin (INS), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) were measured. Their visceral fat (VF) and body weight (BW) were also measured and VF/BW was calculated. Gene expression was investigated by using semi-quantitative RT-PCR methods. Liver histology was studied with HE stained slides.

RESULTSCompared with the NC group, HF group rats developed visceral obesity which was accompanied by higher FBG, plasma INS, TG, and TC. The levels of FoxO1, PEPCK, and G-6-P increased by 18.9%, 33.8%, and 24.6%, respectively (P less than 0.01). Liver steatosis was observed with microscopy. The BW, VF FBG, INS, TG and TC of the CR group rats were lower in comparison to those of the HF group. The levels of FoxO1, PEPCK and G-6-P were lower by 26.6%, 35.0%, 34.3% (P less than 0.01). Meanwhile, liver steatosis was also milder.

CONCLUSIONCalorie restriction can inhibit the expressions of FoxO1, PEPCK and G-6-P, strengthen insulin signal conduction, suppress gluconeogenesis and thus regulate glycometabolism.

Animals ; Caloric Restriction ; Dietary Fats ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gluconeogenesis ; genetics ; Glucose-6-Phosphatase ; genetics ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Animals ; Female ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; parasitology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Pentoxifylline ; therapeutic use ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the response of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs and calvarial osteoblasts to mechanical strain and the consequent changes of cytoskeleton F-actin.

METHODSBone marrow MSCs and calvarial osteoblasts were isolated from SD rats and cultured in vitro. Mechanical stretch was performed on passage 3 cells at 2 000 microepsilon for 0, 2, 6 and 12 hours using four-point bending system. The response of cells and the distribution of F-actin were observed using fluorescent staining under laser scanning confocal microscope and the morphological parameters were quantified using image analysis software Laserpix.

RESULTSUnder mechanical stretch, the fluorescent staining decreased obviously at both MSCs and osteoblasts, and F-actin filaments were rearranged and became tenuous, thinner, and abnormally distributed. The outline of nucleus became unclear and apoptotic changes were observed at some of both cells. Cellular size decreased more significantly in MSCs than in osteoblasts. Quantity analysis showed that total area of cells, total fluorescent density and green fluorescent density (F-actin) were all significantly decreased in MSCs (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and total fluorescent density, green fluorescent density and red fluorescent density (nuclei) did also in osteoblasts (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMechanical stretch caused extensive response on both MSCs and osteoblasts which led to the rearrangement of F-actin filament and apoptosis in some of these cells. MSCs were more sensitive to mechanical strain than osteoblasts.

Actin Cytoskeleton ; metabolism ; Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoskeleton ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Microtubules ; Osteoblasts ; Rats ; Stress, Mechanical

Estrogen participates in many life activities through combination with estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) or estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) in the body. In order to establish an in vitro estrogen-like compound screening model, the coding region of human ERalpha and ERbeta was separately constructed into pET32-ERalpha and pET43-ERbeta prokaryotic expression vector and water-soluble recombinant ERalpha and ERbeta proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21. Western blotting revealed that both recombinant proteins have estrogen receptor binding sites. The proteins were purified using S-Tag affinity Purification Kit and digested with enterokinase to get the ERalpha and ERbeta proteins. About 0.90 mg of ERalpha and 0.65 mg of ERbeta were obtained at the concentration of 0.181 and 0.131 mg x mL(-1), respectively.
Binding Sites ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor beta ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Protein Binding ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) expression changes and the impact of ulinastatin (UTI) METHODS: Seventy-two healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, poisoning group and treatment group, with 24 rats in each group. The model of lung injury was established by intragastric PQ (80 mg/kg) administration in poisoning group and treatment group, and 1 mL saline was administered intragastrically in the control group. The rats in treatment group were injected intraperitoneally with UTI (100 000 U/kg) 30 minutes after PQ administration, and the rats in the control group and poisoning group were intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of saline. After different treatments, the pathological changes and the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue was detected in 12, 24, and 72 h in three groups.

RESULTSIn the poisoning group and treatment group, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue of rats were increased in 12 h after poisoning and reached the peak in 48 h; in 72 h after poisoning, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue were decreased, but they were still high. Compared with the control group, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue of rats were significantly increased in the poisoning group and treatment group (P < 0.05). And compared with the poisoning group, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue of rats were significantly decreased in the treatment group (P < 0.01). The pathological changes were observed, including alveolar capillary expansion, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and alveolar inflammation cell infiltration, were found in lungs of rats in poisoning group and treatment group. There is no significant change in the control group. Compared with the control group, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue significantly increased in poisoning group and treatment group (P < 0.01), but the expression in treatment group was lower than in poisoning group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of 4-HNE increased in PQ intoxicated rats. UTI may reduce the expression of 4-HNE and reduce lung injury in PQ intoxicated rats.

Aldehydes ; metabolism ; Animals ; Glycoproteins ; pharmacology ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

A case of a patient with subgingivally fractured incisor was presented. Two weeks after root canal therapy, the subgingival fragment was restored with fiber post, resin core and temporary crown. Gingivoplasty was performed around. after the subgingival fragment had been elevated in the axial direction by means of edgewise fixed appliance. Stabilized and held for 6 months, the incisor was restored with all ceramic crown. Optimal esthetic was achieved when restoration was performed after rapid orthodontic extrusion which had lifted up the fracture line above the level of the gingival line within 14 days. At 6-month follow-up, the periodontal tissues were normal and neither luxation nor relapse was noted.
Crowns ; Dental Porcelain ; Esthetics ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Incisor ; Orthodontic Extrusion ; Post and Core Technique ; Root Canal Therapy ; Tooth Fractures

OBJECTIVETo compare brain lead accumulation and neurotoxicity induced by lead under drinking purified water and tap water on rat.

METHODSAll 104 male weaning SD rats were randomly divided into eight groups, matched-four pairs according to drinking water: tap water, purified water, tap water with lead 50 mg/L(lead acetate water-solution), purified water with lead 50 mg/L, tap water with lead 200 mg/L, purified water with lead 200 mg/L, tap water with lead 800 mg/L. All were fed with normal food and environmental cognitions kept consistent Morris water maze(including Place Navigation, Spatial Probe Test, Visible Platform Trial) was measured to test rat spatial learning at the 12 and 24 week. At the end of the experiment (28 week), rats were killed and the lead of brain and blood was measured by Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method; the NR1, NR2A, NR2B of NMDAR (N-methyl-D-aspartame receptor) in hippocampus were analyzed by RT-PCR.

RESULTSUnder the same lead exposure, no significant differences were observed in blood lead, however, brain lead level showed higher in drinking purified water group than that in tap water group. Expression of NR1, NR2A and NR2B in hippocampus of the rats drinking purified water was lower than those drinking tap water, especially at low lead exposure (50 mg/L) (P < 0.05). In the 24 week Morris water maze, place navigation test's escape latency showed significantly prolonged at the rats drinking purified water as compared with those drinking tap water on the pairs of 50 mg/L and 200 mg/L pb2+ groups (P < 0.05), and the differences occurred in early 1-2 days.

CONCLUSIONCompared with drinking tap water, drinking purified water might increase the accumulation of brain lead, lower NR1, NR2A, NR2B expression and delay the spatial learning and memory ability under chronic lead exposure in water.

Animals ; Drinking ; Intelligence ; drug effects ; Lead ; toxicity ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; N-Methylaspartate ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; drug effects

Objective All news reports (NR) that were related to public health emergency (PHE) were collected from the Southern Metropolis Daily (SMD) to explore the characteristics of epidemiology in the fields.Methods Based on the theory of communication that including both case and text analysis,qualitative analysis on all the NR regarding PHE published in SMD from the years of 2008 to 2012,was carried out and input to database using the EpiData.Numbers of articles as indicators were compared to show the yearly change of different types of events.Various features of the NR including coverage,source of information,location of the incident,style and size of news,with or without editorials etc.were statistically analyzed by SPSS version 18.0.Results Among all the 998 reports related to PHE,higher proportion was found in the events of Infectious diseases (35.3％)and food safety (34.1％) respectively.Events on vaccines and drugs used for disease prevention and control (8.9％),environmental pollution caused incidents (8.0％) appeared to be less frequent.Events related to occupational disease,poisoning,bioterrorism and biochemical events were rare.Looking at the monthly distribution of reports,we noticed that the peaks occurred in 2008 and in 2009,which were caused by the Melamine-contamination events and the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.Between 2010 and 2012,figures of monthly reports were smooth,including some critical events from the interests of the media.Most events took place in Guangdong province (34.3％) and other provinces (50.9％),with some were from Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan regions (9.5％).However,international events (5.2％) were less seen.Extensive coverage accounted for 17.6％ of all of reports,and 11.5％ allotted the editorials or other forms of in-depth reports.Most of the source of reports on infectious diseases and food safety were from the official release,however.The main sources of occupational diseases and poisoning,vaccines and drug incidents,environmental pollution related incidents were reported by active journalists through interview.Reports on hand,foot and mouth disease,influenza,milk safety,AIDS and lead pollution showed continued concern in the past five years by SMD.Conclusion NR on public health emergencies by SM had encompassed all 10 categories-related events formulated by the Ministry of Health.Sustained and in-depth coverage were more commonly seen.Fieldepidemiologists should learn interdisciplinary sciences on the theory and methodology of communication.They also need to interact with media people during the whole processes of public health emergency preparedness and responses.