Retinal vein occlusion ( RVO ) is a common vascular disease of the retina and is one of the main reasons for blindness. ln recent years, there have been some new understanding about the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, especially some new researches about treatment,for example ,in the therapy of the intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide and anti-VEGFs as well as dexamethasone implant ( Ozurdex ) . This article will make a brief summarization of the progress about the diagnosis and treatment of RVO.

Objective To compare the prevention and control effects of binocular myopia after wearing orthokeratology lenses or glasses for correction in adolescents with low-to-moderate unilateral myopia.Methods The clinical data of 46 adolescents with unilateral myopia treated in First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University were retrospectively analyzed,the patients were divided into the orthokeratology lenses group and spectacles group according to the correction methods,with 23 cases in each group.The axial length(AL),changes in spherical diopter(SD)and anisometropia between the myopic eye and the control eye with orthokeratology lenses spectacles for unilateral myopia correction,and orthokeratology lenses for unilateral and binocular myopia were compared.Results There was no significant difference in baseline AL,SD or anisometropia between the two groups(P>0.05).One year after unilateral myopia correction,the increase of SD for the myopic eye in the orthokeratology lenses group was less than that in the spectacles group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the AL elongation of myopic eyes between the two groups(P>0.05);the elongation of AL for the control eyes in the orthokeratology lenses group was more than that in the spectacles group;the increase of SD for the myopic eyes in the orthokeratology lens group was lower than that in the spectacles group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the increase of SD for the control eyes between the two groups(P>0.05);the anisometropia of patients in the orthokeratology lenses group was less than that in the spectacles group(P<0.05).The biological parameters of the eyes before and after wearing orthokeratology lenses in the patients with monocular and binocular myopia in the orthokeratology lens group were compared,the elongation of AL for the myopic eyes with lens in one eye was less than that with lenses in both eyes(P<0.05),and the elongation of AL for the control eye was more than that with lenses in both eyes(P<0.05),the increases of SD in both myopic eyes and control eyes were more than those with lenses in both eyes(P<0.05),and the anisotropia was more than that with lenses in both eyes(P<0.05).Conclusion Orthokeratology lenses is better than spectacles in controlling the increase of myopia in low-to-moderate unilateral myopia,which can reduce anisometropia between eyes.However,the AL of the emmetropic eye increases rapidly during unilateral myopia correction by orthokeratology lenses,and the progression of binocular myopia can be significantly delayed after wearing orthokeratology lenses.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in expression of the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas receptor axis' components that occur during progression of liver fibrosis using a rat model system.

METHODSThirty-six adult male Wistar rats, were randomly assigned to groups of normal control (n = 6; no manipulation) and liver fibrosis (n = 30; given a subcutaneous injection of 40% chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)). At post-injection days 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75, 1 control rat and 6 modeled rats were sacrificed for analysis. Histopathological analysis of liver tissue was performed with hematoxylin-eosin and rapid Masson staining. Protein expression level of Ang(1-7) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and of ACE2 and Mas receptor was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of ACE2 and Mas receptor.

RESULTSThe expression levels of ACE2, Ang(1-7) and Mas receptor showed a statistically significant upward trend that followed the progression of fibrosis up to post-injection day 60 (P less than 0.01), but the significant increase was not seen from day 60 to day 75.

CONCLUSIONEach component of the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas receptor axis shows differential expression during the development of liver fibrosis and may contribute to disease progression.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the constitution and health status of the Beijing residents, and the primary influencing factors on nutrition and health, as to finding out the epidemiological characters and the changing trend of chronic diseases and to establish scientific basis for the establishment of public health and disease prevention policies of Beijing.

METHODSA stratified multi-stage cluster randomly sampling method was used. In total, 18 districts were surveyed, and among them, 9 were conducted dietary survey. The investigation was based on household, and all family members were surveyed at their home. After having got the compliance from the family members, question asking, medical examination, laboratory test and dietary investigation were carried out in these people.

RESULTSThe incidence rate of hypertension was 25.0% for the resident > or = 15 year-old, and over 50% for middle-aged and elderly people (> or = 45 years old). The incidence of diabetes for those not younger than 15 years old was 7.7%. The over-weight rate and the obesity rate for adults were 35.1% and 20.6%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe following risk factors of chronic disease, such as unreasonable diet pattern, deficient intake of some micronutrients, over-weight and obesity, lack of physical examination, smoking and over-drinking, should be the important factors influencing the health of Beijing residents severely.

China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Incidence ; Life Style ; Male ; Nutritional Status ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo screen and identify zebrafish mutants with erythropoiesis defects by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis and large-scale forward genetic screening using beta e 1 as the marker.

METHODSThe chemical mutagen ENU was used to treat healthy wild-type male fish (AB strain, F0). The surviving ENU-treated fish were mated with wild-type female fish to generate F1, and further F2 family was generated by F1 family intercross. The adult F2 fish were intercrossed within each F2 family and the resulting F3 embryos from each crossing were subjected to whole mount in situ hybridization (WISH) with the beta e 1 probe. Mutagenesis was performed by treating the male zebrafish with ENU to induce mutations in pre-meiotic germ cells to generate the founders, which were outcrossed to obtained the F1 fish. The F1 fish from different founders were mated to generate the F2 families. F3 embryos from the sibling cross in the F2 family were examined by whole mount in situ hybridization using beta e 1-globin probe. The putative mutants were then characterized with different hematopoiesis markers.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONWe identified 4 beta e 1-deficient mutants with erythropoiesis defects, including two with specific erythiod lineage defects and two with concurrent lymphopoiesis defects.

Animals ; Erythropoiesis ; genetics ; Ethylnitrosourea ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Male ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Mutation ; Zebrafish ; genetics

Objective To observe the improvement of motor dysfunction and serum levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),blood glucose and blood lipid in post-stroke patients treated with scalp acupuncture at different needle retention time.Methods A total of 120 patients with motor dysfunction after stroke were randomly divided into control group,observation group 1 and observation group 2,with 40 cases in each group.The patients in the 3 groups were treated with scalp acupuncture,body acupuncture and routine rehabilitation exercise,once a day and 6 times a week,lasting for 2 weeks.The control group was given scalp acupuncture with retaining of needles for 30 minutes,the observation group 1 was given scalp acupuncture with retaining of needles for one hour,and the observation group 2 was given scalp acupuncture with retaining of needles for 2 hours.Before and after treatment,the 3 groups were observed in the changes of the scale scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FM A),Berg Balance Scale(BBS)and modified Barthel Index(MBI),and the levels of laboratory indicators of peripheral blood CRP,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C).After treatment,the clinical safety of the three groups was evaluated.Results(1)After treatment,the scale scores of NIHSS in the three groups were lower(P＜0.01)and the scale scores FMA,BBS and MBI were higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The comparison of post-treatment scale scores showed that the differences among the three groups were statistically significant(P＜0.01).The intergroup comparison showed that the decrease of NIHSS score and the increase of FMA,BBS and MBI scores in the observation group 2 were significantly superior to those in the control group and the observation group 1(P＜0.01);the improvement of FMA score in the observation group 1 was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01),while the improvement of NIHSS,BBS and MBI scores tended to be superior to that in the control group without statistically significant differences(P＞0.05).The results indicated that the curative effect of scalp acupuncture plus exercise regimen was positively correlated with the duration of needle retention for scalp acupuncture.(2)After treatment,the laboratory indicator levels of CRP and FPG in the peripheral blood of the three groups,the levels of TG and LDL-C in the two observation groups and the level of HDL-C in the observation group 2 were improved compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Statistically significant differences were presented in the post-treatment levels of CRP and TG in peripheral blood among the three groups(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The intergroup comparison showed that the improvement of CRP and TG levels in the observation group 2 was significantly superior to that in the control group,and the improvement of CRP level in the observation group 2 was significantly superior to that in the observation group 1,the differences being statistically significant(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The TC level in the three groups after treatment did not differ from that before treatment,and there was no significant difference in TC level after treatment among the three groups either(P＞0.05).(3)During the treatment,no adverse reactions such as fainting,needle breaking and hematoma occurred in the three groups,the vital signs of the patients were stable,and there were no obvious abnormal changes in pulse,blood pressure and respiratory rate.Conclusion Scalp acupuncture can effectively improve the motor function of post-stroke patients in a pasitive time-effect relationship with the needle retention,and better the curative effect can be achieved by retaining of the needle for 2 h.

BACKGROUNDThe long term prognosis of unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenting is controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate the immediate and long term outcomes of LMCA stenting in Chinese patients and to determine which factors affect the outcomes.

METHODSFrom May 1997 to March 2003, 224 patients in 23 hospitals underwent elective unprotected LMCA stenting with bare metal stents. Their clinical records were analysed to ascertain immediate and long term outcomes of LMCA stenting as well as factors influencing the prognosis.

RESULTSStents were implanted into LMCA successfully in 223 cases (99.6 %). One death (0.5%) and one case of non-Q wave nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) occurred in hospital. The mean follow-up time was (15.6 +/- 12.3) months. Cardiac death developed in 10 cases (4.5%), noncardiac death in 2 cases (0.9%), nonfatal MI in 4 cases (1.8%), target lesion revascularization (TLR) of LMCA in 26 cases (11.7%) and TLR of nonLMCA in 37 cases (16.5%). Univariate analysis showed that cardiac death correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF < 40%), female gender and LMCA combined with multivessel disease; that major adverse cardiac events (MACE) correlated with LVEF < 40%, bifurcation lesion and incomplete revascularization. Logistic regression analysis revealed that LVEF < 40% and female gender were independent predictors of cardiac death and MACE. Follow-up angiography was performed in 102 cases (45.7%). The restenosis rate was 31.4%.

CONCLUSIONSLong-term outcomes of stenting for selected patients with unprotected LMCA stenosis is acceptable. It should be performed in inoperable or low risk patients with LVEF > or = 40% and isolated LMCA disease or LMCA combined with multivessel diseases in whom complete revascularization can be obtained.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Disease ; therapy ; Coronary Restenosis ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome

Anticoagulants/therapeutic use* ; Atrial Fibrillation/therapy* ; China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Registries ; Risk Factors ; Stroke

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of primary and secondary pancreatic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) . Methods: Clinical data of patients with pancreatic DLBCL admitted at Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from April 2003 to June 2020 were analyzed. Gene mutation profiles were evaluated by targeted sequencing (55 lymphoma-related genes). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to evaluate the prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) . Results: Overall, 80 patients were included; 12 patients had primary pancreatic DLBCL (PPDLBCL), and 68 patients had secondary pancreatic DLBCL (SPDLBCL). Compared with those with PPDLBCL, patients with SPDLBCL had a higher number of affected extranodal sites (P<0.001) and had higher IPI scores (P=0.013). There was no significant difference in the OS (P=0.120) and PFS (P=0.067) between the two groups. Multivariate analysis indicated that IPI intermediate-high/high risk (P=0.025) and double expressor (DE) (P=0.017) were independent adverse prognostic factors of OS in patients with pancreatic DLBCL. IPI intermediate-high/high risk (P=0.021) was an independent adverse prognostic factor of PFS in patients with pancreatic DLBCL. Targeted sequencing of 29 patients showed that the mutation frequency of PIM1, SGK1, BTG2, FAS, MYC, and MYD88 in patients with pancreatic DLBCL were all >20%. PIM1 (P=0.006 for OS, P=0.032 for PFS) and MYD88 (P=0.001 for OS, P=0.017 for PFS) mutations were associated with poor OS and PFS in patients with SPDLBCL. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the OS and PFS between patients with PPDLBCL and those with SPDLBCL. IPI intermediate-high/high risk and DE were adverse prognostic factors of pancreatic DLBCL. PIM1, SGK1, BTG2, FAS, MYC, and MYD88 were common mutations in pancreatic DLBCL. PIM1 and MYD88 mutations indicated worse prognosis.
Humans ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; Disease-Free Survival ; Retrospective Studies ; China/epidemiology* ; Prognosis ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Pancreas/pathology* ; Immediate-Early Proteins/therapeutic use* ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins

Abstract OBJECTIVE Linezolid(LZD) is a synthetic oxazolidone antibacterial drug that has activity against most Gram positive bacteria. LZD is widely used in pediatric patients, and its common adverse reactions include gastrointestinal reactions and bone marrow suppression, etc. In recent years, LZD-induced hyperlactatemia has gradually attracted attention. LZD-induced hyperlactatemia can exacerbate the condition of pediatric patients and is associated with high mortality rates in children. However, there is currently a lack of data on the risk factors for LZD-induced hyperlactatemia in pediatric patients. METHODS Therefore, this paper collected and retrospectively analyzed the information of hospitalized pediatric patients who received LZD treatment at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from October 2012 to February 2023, including demographic characteristics of pediatric patients and clinical treatment related records, etc. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, this paper identified whether the included pediatric patients had developed hyperlactatemia and evaluated the causal relationship between LZD and hyperlactatemia using the Naranjo's Scale. The risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and the dose-response relationship between risk factors and LZD-induced hyperlactatemia was further analyzed using a restricted cubic spline(RCS) model. RESULTS A total of 331 pediatric patients were included, of which 145 pediatric patients(43.8%) developed LZD-induced hyperlactatemia, including 122 cases of mild hyperlactatemia and 23 cases of severe hyperlactatemia; the causal relationship score of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia was “possibly related” in 87 cases(60.0%) and “highly likely related” in 58 cases(40.0%). The median age of pediatric patients was 3(0.92, 9) years old, with 55.29% males, 25.38% patients with liver disease, 8.76% pediatric patients with kidney disease, and 36.56% pediatric patients with cardiovascular disease; the median number of treatment days for pediatric patients receiving LZD was 13(8, 22) d, with pediatric patients with hyperlactatemia having a longer median number of LZD treatment days than those without hyperlactatemia[16(10, 28) vs 11(7, 18)]; 41.09% of pediatric patients used P-glycoprotein inducers in combination, with more pediatric patients(57.4%) experiencing hyperlactatemia; 53.47% of pediatric patients used P-glycoprotein inhibitors in combination; the median values of lactic acid baseline, creatinine baseline, and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) were 0.92(0.80, 0.92)mmol·L-1, 26(18.25, 34.90) μmol·L-1, 179.97(137.23, 222.70)mL·min-1·(1.73 m)-2, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pediatric patients received longer LZD treatment duration(OR=1.026, P=0.004), and the combination of P-glycoprotein inducers(OR=2.023, P=0.004), higher lactic acid baseline levels(OR=2.408, P=0.022), and lower eGFR(OR=0.997, P=0.047) were independent risk factors for LZD-induced hyperlactatemia. The RCS model showed that as the number of days of LZD treatment increases, the risk of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia increased nonlinearly(P-non-linear=0.041); when the lactic acid baseline value was -1, the risk of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia dramatically increased as the lactic acid baseline value increased, when it was >0.92 mmol·L-1, the risk of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia slowly increased as the lactic acid baseline value increased(P-non-linear=0.013). CONCLUSION This study explores for the first time the risk factors of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia in pediatric patients, including the impact of the interaction between LZD and drugs that affect mitochondrial function, P-glycoprotein inducers, and P-glycoprotein inhibitors on hyperlactatemia. RCS models are used to analyze the dose-response relationships between LZD treatment days, lactic acid baseline values, and the occurrence of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia. When LZD is combined with P-glycoprotein inducers(mainly isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol), the risk of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia increases, and its related mechanisms still need further research. In addition, pediatric patients with renal insufficiency may need to adjust the LZD dosage appropriately to avoid the occurrence of hyperlactatemia. In conclusion, when pediatric patients receive LZD treatment, attention should be paid to risk factors such as lactic acid baseline value, duration of LZD use, combined use of P-glycoprotein inducers, and renal dysfunction, in order to prevent the occurrence of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia based on the pediatric patient's treatment needs.