In response to viral infection, RIG-I-like RNA helicases detect viral RNA and signal through the mitochondrial adapter protein VISA. VISA activation leads to rapid activation of transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB, which collaborate to induce transcription of type I interferon (IFN) genes and cellular antiviral response. It has been demonstrated that VISA is activated by forming prion-like aggregates. However, how this process is regulated remains unknown. Here we show that overexpression of HSC71 resulted in potent inhibition of virus-triggered transcription of IFNB1 gene and cellular antiviral response. Consistently, knockdown of HSC71 had opposite effects. HSC71 interacted with VISA, and negatively regulated virus-triggered VISA aggregation. These findings suggest that HSC71 functions as a check against VISA-mediated antiviral response.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Aggregation ; genetics ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; metabolism ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; HEK293 Cells ; HSC70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Response ; genetics ; Humans ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Interferon-beta ; genetics ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; Prions ; metabolism ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; metabolism ; Viruses ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathogenicity

Objective To explore the problems in the introducing of complementary food in infants and provide a guidance for cli nical practice.Methods The questionnaire survey was carried out by childhood health doctors in mothers or caregivers on fixed outpatient health care day. The data of survey was entered into computer and analyzed with SPSS 11.5 software.Results 1.Earlier (

One Cryptopsoridium isolate from a 3 month-old calf in a dairy cow farm of Harbin was identified by molecular method, in which the common genes of 18S rRNA and actin used in Cryptosporidium genotyping were selected, the primers were designed, and the approximate 840 bp and 1066 bp fragments of these two genes were amplified respectively by nested PCR. The PCR products were sequenced by two directions, and then the sequences were analyzed by using the soft wares of ClustlX, DNAstar, and PHLIP. The experimental result showed that in the 18SrRNA gene, there was the highest identities compared to other reported isolates of cow-derived C. ryanae (DQ871345, AY587166, and EU410344), with 100% of similarity. Likewise, at actin locus, the present isolate also had 100% similarity with an American cow-derived C. ryanae isolate (EU410345) and a deer-like genotype isolate (AY741309). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the present isolate shared the same evolution branch in the two gene loci. These analyses demonstrated that the present isolate belonged to C. ryanae. These results provide a significant reference for the study on the species distribution and assessment in the public health significance of Cryptosporidium in cow milk in China.

Objective To assess the diagnosis and treatment of enterovesical fistula.Methods The clinical data of 12 cases (10 men and 2 women;mean age,57 years) of enterovesical fistula were retro- spectively analyzed.Of the 12 cases,7 (58%) had colovesical fistula,3 (25%) had ileovesical fistula,and 2 (17%) had rectovesical fistula.The etiology of fistula was intestinal malignancy in 7 cases,Crohn disease in 3 ,and bladder cancer in 1,and intestinal diverticulitis in 1.The clinical features included fecaluria in 10 cases,recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in 6,abdominal pain in 4,and pneumaturia in 3.Five patients (5/9) had a definite diagnosis by CT;3 (3/6),by cystoseopy;2 (2/5),by cystography;and 1 (1/5),by barium enema.Among the 10 patients undergoing surgical intervention,resection of the involved bowl with one-stage anastomosis and partial cystectomy was performed in 4;resection of the bowl with one-stage anasto- mosis and repair of the fistula or single bladder drainage in each of 2;one-stage transverse colostomy and two- stage radical colectomy with partial cystectomy in 1;palliative proximal colostomy in 3;and conservative ther- apy in 2.Results One patient died of septic shock 10 d after admission.Nine patients were followed for 3 months to 16 years (mean,6.5 years).One patient had intestinal fistula recurrence and was cured with re- operation;1 patient with conservative therapy and 1 with palliative surgery died of tumor metastasis;and 1 died of cerebrovascular accident 2 years later without fistula recurrence previously.Five patients undergoing surgery had a better survival with no complication.Conclusions The major cause of enterovesical fistula is intestinal malignancy.Fecaluria and recurrent UTI are the most common symptoms.CT and cystoscopy are the preferred adjunctive examinations.Surgical intervention is the major therapeutic choice.

Objective To study the effect of chest wall vibration therapy on bronchiolitis. Methods A total of 64 patients with bronchiolitis were divided into an experimental group and a control group, the former included 34 cases and the latter included 30 cases. The experimental group received both routine treatment and chest wall vi- bration, while the control group only received routine treatment. PaO_2, PaCO_2, SaO_2, Heart Rate (HR) and Respi- ration (R) were observed, respectively, in the experimental group and the control group at the beginning and the end of the third day. Time needed for expectoration and length of hospital stay in the two groups were observed. Results It was shown that PaO_2, PaCO_2, SaO_2 , HR, R were significantly improved at the end of the third day when compared with those at the beginning in both groups(P

Objective To summarize clinical characteristics and treatment methods of cervical vertebrae injury in the elderly.MethodsThe data of 59 elderly patients with cervical vertebrae injury from 2002 to 2006 years were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsThe most common type of injuries was hyperextension injuries of cervical spine and cervial central cord syndrome.Traffic accident and falling injury were the most common reasons.Early operation and early rehabilitation could improve the ASIA 1 or 2 grade,and avoid complications of cord injury effectively.ConclusionThe key treatment point of cervical vertebrae injury in the elderly is how to get them leave bed in order to reduce the complications of cord injury,early operation and rehabilitation are good method to decrease the mortality and increase quality of life.

Klebsiella pneumoniae M5a1 metabolizes 3-hydroxybenzoate via gentisate to central metabolites. The plasmid pBSI encoding the full catabolic pathway endowed E.coli with the ability to grow on 3-hydroxybenzoate. We have determined the sequence of an 8-kb region spanning the mhb genes. Blast search in the GenBank revealed the mhbR was a putative transcript regulator and mhbT was a putative 3-hydroxybenzoate transporter. The E.coli strain containing the plasmid with frameshift mutantion either in mhbR or mhbT grew more slowly on 3-hydroxybenzoate than that containing the wild type clone.

Objective To observe the levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), total bilirubin(TBIL), hyaluronic acid (HA), procollagen type Ⅲ aminoterminal peptide (P Ⅲ NP) and larninin (LN) in the sera of rats infected with Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) after treatment of albendazole combined with milkvetch root. Methods Thirty-two healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups with 8 in each based on body mass: control group, non-treatment group, Albendazole group(ALB group) and albendazole combined with milkvetch root group(ALB+MR group). The rats in non-treatmen, ALB and ALB+MR groups were infected orally with metacercariae of C. sinensis 50 per rat. The rats in control group were mock-infected with saline. The rats in ALB group were treated to each rat with 50 mg/kg alhendazole for 5 days, and ALB+MR groups were given to same treat with albendazole, meanwhile each rat injected with 800 mg/kg milkvetch root intraperitoneally for 30 days. All rats were killed after infestation 14 weeks and their sera samples were collected to detect ALT, TBIL, HA, PⅢNP, LN. Results There were statistically significant differences in the levels of ALT and LN in the sera of rats between groups(F=31.40,11.82, P<0.01). Compared with control[ (47.88±4.88)U/L, (51.20±4.12)μg/L], the levels of ALT and LN in rats in non-treatment group [(85.50±9.65)U/L, (64.20±4.18) μg/L] and ALB group [(65.29± 7.78) U/L, (58.23±2.55) μg/L] were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with non-treatment group, the levels of ALT and LN in rats in ALB group and ALB+MR groups[(50.25±9.29)U/L, (53.68±5.63)μg/L] were significantly decreased(P<0.05), and they decreased more obviously in ALB+MR group (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the levels of TBIL, PⅢNP and HA in the sera of rats between groups (χ2=15.309,21.418,19.759, P<0.01). Compared with control[(0.700±0.350)μmol/L, (26.085±4.075)μg/L, (81.935±42.550)μg/L], the levels of TBIL, PⅢNP and HA in rats in non-treatment group(2.400 μmol/L, 46.220 μg/L,310.885 μg/L) and ALT group(1.200 μmol/L,36.540 μg/L, 178.010 μg/L) were significantly increased(P<0.05). Compared with non-treatment group, the level of TBIL in ALT+MR group(0.750 μmol/L), the levels of pⅢNP and HA in ALT and ALT+MR group(30.470,100.240 μg/L) were significantly decreased(P< 0.05). The levels of TBIL, PⅢNP and HA decreased more obviously in ALB+MR group(P<0.05). Conclusions The liver function in rats infected with C. sinensis is abnormal. The liver function and fibrosis are improved after treatment with albendazole or albendazole combined with milkvetch root. The treatment of albendazole combined with milkvetch root is more effective.

Objective To study the effects of different levels of iodine concentration on insulin-like growth factors Ⅰ (IGF-1) mRNA expression of thyroid and breast in lactating rats. Methods Thirty Wistar female rats, having been weaned for 1 month, were randomly divided into three groups according to their body weights, i. e. :low iodine(LI) group,adequate iodine(AI) group, high iodine(HI) group, 10 rats in each group. Synthetic fodder and deionized water containing iodine of 0,150,3000 μg/L was respectively fed to these rats. After fed for 3 months, the rats mated and had offspring. Their mammary glands, thyroids and serum were sampled at lactation day 5. The serum iodine of lactating rats were determined by moderate acid digestion method, level of T3 and T4 were determined by radioimmunoassay method, and the expressions of IGF-1 mRNA of mammary glands and thyroids were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay. Results The value of serum iodine of LI group [(17.38±3.27) μg/L] was lower than that of AI group [(43.42±6.92) μg/L, P<0.05], and the value of serum iodine of HI group[(350.10±38.46)μg/L] was higher than that of AI group (P<0.05). The level of T3 of LI group and HI group[ (1.11±0.25), (1.61±0.33)μg/L] reduced obviously compared with that of AI group[(2.18±0.46) μg/L, P<0.05]. The mean of T4 of LI group and HI group[(33.40±11.11),(56.54±10.38)μg/L] had no statistical significance compared with AI group(44.02±12.51)μg/L, P>0.05), but the level of T4 of LI group was lower than that of HI group(P<0.05). The level of IGF-1 mRNA expression of thyroid in LI group and HI group (0.34±0.08, 0.23±0.08) was higher than that of AI group(0.15±0.03, P<0.05). The level of IGF-1 mRNA expression of lactating mammary in LI group(0.59±0.18) was higher than that of AI group(0.40±0.10, P<0.05). The level of IGF-1 mRNA expression of thyroid was lower than that of breast between the same group(t=3.54, 6.44,2.62, all P<0.05). Conclusion Iodine could affect IGF-1 mRNA expression of thyroid and lactating mammary, and IGF-1 mRNA expression of lactating mammary was stronger than that of the thyroid.

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab (BEV) plus chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

METHODSSeventy-seven mCRC patients received BEV plus 5-Fu type, oxaliplatin or irinotecan-based chemotherapy. The clinical efficacy and bevacizumab-related adverse reactions were observed. The efficacy assessment was conducted after at least 2 cycles of BEV therapy. The adverse reactions were recorded in each therapy cycle. Among the 77 cases, 64 patients had finished the efficacy assessment. The adverse reactions in all patients were assessed.

RESULTSThe overall response rate (ORR) of BEV plus chemotherapy regimen was 18.75% (12/64), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 75.0% (48/64). In 27 patients who received the regimen as first-line treatment, the ORR reached 37.0% (10/27), while the DCR was 85.2%. Four patients with potentially resectable lesions became resectable after the regimen and received R0 resection of the liver metastases successfully. Twenty-five patients who received the regimen as second line therapy had poor result with ORR 8.0% and DCR 76.0%. Hypertension was observed in 12 cases, with 8 cases of grade 1, 3 cases of grade 2, 1 case of grade 3. Various bleedings occurred in 24/77 cases (31.2%), all were of grade 1-2, including 17 cases of epistaxis, grade 1 hemorrhoid bleeding in one case, hematuria in 3 case (2 of grade 1, 1 of grade 2), GI bleeding in 2 cases, hemoptysis in 1 case (grade 2), and proteinuria in 4 cases (grade 1). Intestinal perforation occurred in 1 case (0.3%). In two patients who had incomplete intestinal obstruction history appeared exacerbated intestinal obstruction symptoms after the application of BEV plus CPT11 regimen.

CONCLUSIONSBEV plus chemotherapy regimen as first-line treatment can improve the ORR and DCR of mCRC patients. When it was used as second- or later-line therapy, it may display satisfied DCR, although with a poor efficacy. The bevacizumab-related toxicity is mild and can be well tolerated.

Adult ; Aged ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Bevacizumab ; Camptothecin ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Colonic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Deoxycytidine ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Hypertension ; chemically induced ; Leucovorin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Proteinuria ; chemically induced ; Rectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Remission Induction ; Young Adult