Objective To investigate the feasibility of ultrasound speckle tracking imaging(STI)in assessing left ventricular(LV)systolic and twist function in patients with heart transplantation.Methods Nine patients with heart transplantation and 10 subjects with normal LV function were examined by GE Vivid 7 with a M3S probe.Eighteen regional peak systolic strain and displacement in longitudinal,radial,circumferential,and 18 regional degree of rotation were measured respectively.Results The segmental regional peak systolic strain and displacement were less than those in subjects with normal LV function(P ＜0.05),but segmental regional degree of rotation was more than that in subjeets with normal LV function (P＜0.05).Conclusions STI may provide a noninvasive,simple and quick tool for evaluation of left ventricular systolic and twist function in patients with heart transplantation.

Objective To evaluate left and right ventricular function by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography in patients with heart transplantation.Methods Fourteen patients with heart transplantation ( rejection)[12 male,2 female,mean age (49.21±17.91)],twenty four patients with heart transplantation (no rejection) [21 male,3 female,mean age (40.11±12.57)],and fifty one subjects with normal left ventricular function [26 male,25 female,mean age (43.69±14.81) ] were examined by Philips iE33 with a X3-1 probe.Results Right ventricular stroke volume (RVSV) and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) in heart transplantation (including no rejection and rejection) was reduced compared with subjects with normal heart function (all P<0.05),but right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) and right ventricular end-systolic volume (RVESV) were no significantly different between heart transplantation and subjects with normal heart function (all P>0.05),but the volume and function of right ventricle were no significantly different between rejection heart transplantation and no rejection heart transplantation.Parameter index of 17 segment including standard deviation (SD) and maximum difference(Dif) of 16,12 and 6 segment time to minimal systolic volume(Tmsv 16-SD,Tmsv 16-Dif,Tmsv 12-SD,Tmsv 12-Dif,Tmsv 6-SD,Tmsv 6-Dif),and the percent of SD and maximum difference 16,12 and 6 segment time tominimal systolic volume [Tmsv 16-SD(%),Tmsv 16-Dif(%),Tmsv 12-SD(%),Tmsv 12-Dif(%),Tmsv 6-SD(%),Tmsv 6-Dif(%)] was significantly higher in patients with heart transplantation (rejection) than that in subjects with normal heart function and in patients with heart transplantation (no rejection)[except Tmsv 16-SD and Tmsv 16-SD(%),other P<0.05],however,there was no significantly different between heart transplantation (no rejection) and subjects with normal heart function(all P>0.05).But also average,maximum and minimum value of excursion in three groups was no significantly different (all P>0.05).Conclusions Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography can rapidly and acurately evaluate left and right ventricular function in patients with heart transplantation.

Objective To evaluate left ventricular torsion and systolic function of the segment by speckle tracking imaging(STI) and real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE) in patients with heart transplantation. Methods Twenty patients with heart transplantation and twenty subjects with normal left ventricular function were examined by Philips iE33 with a X3-1 probe and GE Vivid 7 with M4S probe.Results There were two subjects(100% ) with clockwise rotation in control group patients, but eight patients (40 % ) with clockwise rotation in heart transplantation group. And heart transplantation group were divided into two sub-groups (group A with counterclockwise rotation and group B with clockwise rotation) based on the direction of rotation. In apical level,the systolic peak of the angle of rotation of anterior septum,posterior wall,inferior wall, posterior septum in group A was less than that of control group( P ＜0.05), all segmental systolic peak of the angle of rotation in group B was reduced compared with control group( P ＜0. 05),however all segmental systolic peak of rate of rotation in group A and group B was not significant different compared with control group ( P ＞0. 05) ,all segmental diastolic peak in early and late of rate of rotation in group B was obviously higher than that in control group and group A ( P ＜0. 05), while all segmental diastolic peak in early and late of rate of rotation in group A was not significant different compared with control group( P ＞0.05). The displacement and the parameter index of 17 segment time to minimal systolic volume in group A and group B were not significant different compared with control group( P ＞0. 05), but left ventricular angle of torsion was decreased in group B compared with control group and group A( P ＜0.05). Conclusions STI and RT-3DE can rapidly evaluate function of left ventricular torsion and function of segmental systole and systolic synchrony in patients with heart transplant.

Objective:To study the effects and safety of metformin combined with vildagliptin on the glycemic control for patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were treated from February 2015 to April 2016 were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to different treatment methods.The control group was treated with routine treatment.The observation group was treated with vildagliptin based on the control group.The blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,two-hour postprandial blood glucose and serum as well as urinal amylase were measured before and after treatment,and the clinical curative effect of the two groups and the levels of interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor and C-reactive protein were compared.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate of observation group was 90％,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(66.7％,P＜0.05).After treatment,the serum interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor,C-reactive protein and fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin and postprandial blood glucose levels were significantly lower than those of the control group[(7.63± 1.12)dvs(8.68± 1.30)d;(7.23± 0.95)d vs(7.89± 1.20)d;(11.14± 1.56)d vs(12.12± 1.89)d];[(12.12± 1.89)d vs(ll.20± 1.34)d;(6.89± 0.96)d vs(8.23± 1.10)d;(1.65± 0.23)d vs(3.65± 0.48)d] (P＜0.05).After treatment,the INS level of observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05) and the GLP-1 level was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Metformin combined with vildagliptin could effectively control the blood glucose of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and enhance the safety.

To explore the antagonistic effect of gingerols against the inflammation induced by lectin from Pinellia ternata. In this study, ELISA method was used to determine the effect of different extracts from gingerols on the release of inflammatory factor TNF-α from macrophages induced by lectin from P. ternata. The fluorescence probe was used to determine the effect of gingerols on the changes in ROS of macrophages induced by lectin from P. ternata. The western-blot method was applied to study the effect of gingerols on the increase in expression of cell receptor interacting protein RIP3 in macrophages induced by lectin from P. ternata. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the effect of gingerols on morphological changes in macrophages induced by lectin from P. ternata. According to the results, gingerols can significantly inhibit the release of inflammatory factor from macrophages induced by lectin from P. ternata, ROS overproduction and increase in RIP3 expression. SEM results showed that gingerols can inhibit the cytomorphosis and necrocytosis induced by lectin from P. ternata. Fresh ginger's detoxication may be related to gingerols' effects in inhibiing release of inflammatory factor, ROS overproduction and increase in RIP3 expression caused by macrophages induced by lectin from P. ternata, which are mainly inflammatory development.
Animals ; Catechols ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Antagonism ; Fatty Alcohols ; pharmacology ; Ginger ; chemistry ; Lectins ; toxicity ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Pinellia ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the association between ten single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the peroxisome proliferator-aetivated receptor (PPAR) α/δ/γ and essential hypertension (EH).Methods Participants were recruited within the framework of a cohort populations survey from the PMMJS (Prevention of Multiple Metabolic Disorders and MS in Jiangsu Province) which was conducted in the urban community of Jiangsu province from 1999 to 2007.Eight handred and twenty subjects (551 non-hypertensive subjects,269 hypertensive subjects) were randomly selected but were not related to each other.Ten SN P ( rs 135539,rs1800206,rs4253778 of PPAR αt; rs2016520,rs9794 of PPARδ ; rs10865710,rs1805192,rs4684847,rs709158 and rs3856806 of PPARγ ) were selected from the HapMap database.x2 test was used to determine whether the whole population was in H-W genetic equilibrium.SHEsis software was used to examine the relations of SNP and linkage equilibrium.Logistic regression model was used to examine the association between ten SNP in the PPAR and EH.Results Difference on the distribution of four SNP genotypes including rs1800206,rs9794,rsl0865710 and rs4684847 between high blood pressure and non-high blood pressure group,high systolic blood pressure(SBP) and normal SBP group,high diastolic blood pressure(DBP) and normal DBP group was significant (P＜0.05).After adjusting factors as age,sex,body mass index,fasting plasma glucose,high density lipoprotein cholesterol-C,high-fat diet and compared with wildtype gene carriers,the OR(95％ CI) of objects with rs1800206 V allele appeared in high blood pressure,high SBP and high DBP were 0.60 (0A1-0.89),0.57 (0.37-0.88) and 0.61 (0.39-0.96),respectively.The OR(95％CI) of objects with G allele of rs9794 were 0.63 (0.46-0.87),0.51 (0.36-0.73) and 0.68(0.47-1.01).The OR (95％CI) of objects with G allele of rs10865710 were 1.62 (1.19-2.20),1.59(1.14-2.22) and 1.53 ( 1.07-2.18),respectively.While the OR (95％ CI) of objects with rs4684847 T allele were 1.42 ( 1.04-1.94),1.38 (1.03-1.92) and 1.37 ( 1.00-1.88),respectively.Conclusion The four SNPs including rs1800206 of PPARα,rs9794 of PPARδ and rs4684847,rs10865710 of PPARγ influenced high blood pressure,high SBP and high DBP to different degrees.

OBJECTIVETo study the difference in the pharmacokinetics of emodin in Zhiganning capsules and Rhizoma Polygontum Cuspidatum by nonaqueous RP-HPLC.

METHODThe rats were orally administered with the extraction of Rhizoma Polygontum Cuspidatum and Zhiganning capsules. After hydrolysis and extraction, the content of emodin in the plasma is determined by Nonaqueous RP-HPLC.

RESULTThe concentration-time profiles of emodin fit two-compartment model. The pharmacokinetics parameters including, t1/2alpha, AUC(0-infinity), CL(s) and C(max) of emodin in the group of Rhizoma Polygontum Cuspidatum were significantly different from these in the group of its compounds.

CONCLUSIONThere is a significant difference in pharmacokinetics of emodin between zhiganning capsules and the extraction of Rhizoma Polygontum Cuspidatum.

Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Capsules ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Emodin ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhizome ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of high fat diet on the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in renal tubular cells and extracellular matrix accumulation in Wistar rats.

METHODSThe Wistar rats were treated with high fat diet for 12 weeks and renal lipid deposit was detected by the method of Oil Red O staining. The immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to investigate the expression of SREBP-1, TGF-beta1, alpha-SMA and fibronectin (FN) protein. The expression of SREBP-1 mRNA was determined with in situ hybridization. Masson staining was for the detection of extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation.

RESULTSThe weight of rats raised by high fat diet increased, in company with the high serum glucose, serum triglyceride and serum insulin. The Oil Red O staining revealed that the renal proximal tubular epithelial cells showed significant lipid droplet in high fat diet rats. SREBP-1 protein and mRNA were located in the renal tubular cells and the expressions of high fat diet rats were higher than those of normal control rats. They were respectively 1.88 times and 1.85 times than those of normal control group. TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA protein were also located in renal tubular cells and high fat diet up-regulated the expression of them. ECM accumulation was detected with Masson staining and the result showed that high fat diet treatment increased interstitial ECM product and FN protein was found high expression.

CONCLUSIONHigh fat diet may induce lipid droplet deposit in renal tubular cells by up-regulation of the expression of SREBP-1, which causes ECM accumulation by increasing the expression of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Diet, High-Fat ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Kidney Tubules ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Division ; Child ; Female ; Glioma ; chemistry ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; analysis ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis

Hepatitis E ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis E virus ; Humans ; Renal Dialysis