Three human leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains (LRIG) genes and proteins, named LRIG1-3, has been previously characterized and it was proposed that they may act as suppressors of tumor growth. The LRIG1 protein can inhibit the growth of tumors of glial cells and the down-regulation of the LRIG1 gene may be involved in the development and progression of the tumor. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a recently developed technique for quantitative assessment of specific RNA levels. In the current study, it was demonstrated that LRIG1-3 and EGFR mRNA was detected in human pituitary adenoma cell lines and a normal pituitary sample, with differences in the expression levels. Compared to the normal pituitary samples, the expression of LRIG1-3 in HP75 cell line was lower, but the expression of EGFR in HP75 cell line was higher. The results are consistent with LRIG1-3 being tumour suppressor genes, and LRIG genes decreasing the expression of EGFR. The ratio of EGFR/LRIG1 was increased at least 13-fold in HP75 cells compared with the normal pituitary cells, which was also the case for the ratio of EGFR/LRIG2 (14-fold increase in HP75) and EGFR/LRIG3 (11-fold increase in HP75). Further studies were needed to elucidate the explicit role of LRIG genes as negative regulators of oncogenesis in human pituitary adenoma.

Objective To summary the clinical data of pediatric renal transplantation from multiple renal transplant centers in China,and analyze the factors influencing the therapeutic outcomes of pediatric renal transplantation.Methods From March 1986 to May 2010,the clinical data of 138 children who underwent renal transplantation in eight centers of renal transplantation in China were retrospectively analyzed.Results The one-year patient and graft survival rate was 99.3％ and 95.7％respectively.Acute rejection episodes occurred in 38 cases (27.5％),15 cases suffered delayed graft function (DGF),and graft functions were returned to normal in all recipients within one month.Moreover,other complications included transplant renal artery stenosis in 8 cases (5.8％),ureteral necrosis in 2 cases (1.4％),urinary fistula in 5 cases (3.6％),hypertension in 57 cases (41.3 ％),hyperlipidemia in 38 cases (27.5％),hirsutism in 32 cases (23.2％),drug-induced liver damage in 26 cases (18.8％),urinary tract infection in 25 cases (18.1％ ),gingival hyperplasia in 22 cases (15.9％),pulmonary infection in 21 cases (15.2％),bone marrow suppression in 12 patients (8.7％),herpes simplex in 10 cases (7.2％),and diabetes in 8 cases (5.8％).The body weight was increased by 4 to 13 kg and the body height was increased by 2 to 7 cm during the first year posttransplantation. Conclusion The careful perioperative management, rational use of immunosuppressive agents,strengthening the follow-up management of children and social support,and improving compliance were the key points to obtain good outcomes in pediatric renal transplantation.

BACKGROUND:Traditionally, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was used to evaluate exercise response of patients with asthma; however, patients obviously had panting after exercise, so FEV1 was affected commonly. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a new technique for measuring respiratory impedance that do not require maximal inspiration and forced expiration.OBJECTIVE: To study airway resistance with IOS before and after exercise in healthy and asthmatic patients and investigate the significance of exercise excitation and IOS assessment.DESIGN: Synchronically non-randomized case contrast study.SETTING: Department of Respiratory Medicine, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 14 male patients with bronchial asthma who were regarded as the asthmatic group were selected from Department of Respiratory Medicine of Shanghai East Hospital from January to October 2006. They were in a clinical stationary phase. Another 14 male healthy subjects were selected as the control group and ages of all subjects ranged from 29 to 50 years. All subjects provided the confirmed consent.METHODS: IOS was used to measure basic value of respiratory resistance, and then subjects underwent exercise challenge. Nose of subjects was clipped breathing through mouth. Within 3-4 minutes, heart rate was increased to 90% and maintained for 6 minutes during challenge. Respiratory resistance was repeatedly measured at 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after exercise, including airway hyperresponse (AHR), total respiratory resistance, central resistance, peripheral resistance and resonance frequency at 5, 20 and 35 Hz of pulse frequency, elasrtic resistance and inertia resistance (X5 and X35) at 5 and 10 Hz of pulse frequency. In addition, difference of AHR at 5 and 35 Hz was calculated, and change ratios of both Rcentral and Rperipheral were calculated as (highest value after exercise-baseline value)/baseline value × 100%.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Basic value of respiratory resistance by using IOS and exercise challenge test.RESULTS: All 14 patients with bronchial asthma and 14 healthy subjects were involved in the final analysis. Peripheral resistance (Rperiphera) was significantly higher than central resistance (Rcentral) in asthmatic patients (P ＜ 0.01). The maximal increase of respiratory impedance occurred from 5 minutes to 10 minutes after exercise in asthmatics. Resonance frequency (Fres) of asthmatics before and after exercise was significantly increased than that of controls (P ＜ 0.01).Change ratios of Fres from asthmatics were higher than that from control group (P ＜ 0.01). After challenge, R5, R5-R20,Zrespir and X5 from asthmatics changed significantly than that from controls (P ＜ 0.01). The increment change value of After exercise Zrespir increased significantly, because obstruction of small bronchi during expiration and impedance increased abruptly. Air trapping was expressed in VT-Zrespir graph in 57.1% patients. There was no difference in the VT-Zrespir graph of controls before and after exercise.CONCLUSION: The main site of airflow obstruction was in small airways in asthmatics after exercise challenge. The general acceptance of IOS method was good among the asthmatic patients. The airway response of exercise challenge may be assessed more accurately with IOS that do not require a maximal inspiration and forced expiration.

Objective To prepare a glycerol reference material.Methods The material was prepared and characterized according to the primary standard substance technological specification(JJG 1006- 1994).Glycerol was dissolved in water containing 0.5% sodium azide and dispersed to glass ampules.The homogeneity and stability of this material were tested with an HPLC method.Glycerol concentration was determined by a titration method as specified in the Pharmacopoeia of China.Results The three time measuring result of glycerol reference material was 1.297 5?0.014 3,1.302 0?0.008 9,1.313 7? 0.007 8,respectively.Statistical analysis showed that this material was homogeneous (F=1.462,P=0.166) .It was stable for at least 4 years at 4℃.The assigned reference value was 0.103 6 g/g and the expanded uncertainty was 0.000 4 g/g.Conclusions This material meet the technical requirements of national primary standard reference material.It is approved as the Certified Reference Material (GBW 09149) by General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection,Quarantine of the People's Republic of China in May,2006.

Objective To explore the change of activin A(ACT A) in umbilical artery blood of newborns with fetal distress and its clinical significance.Methods Forty healthy pregnant women(control group)and 35 pregnant women with fetal distress (experimental group)were collected.The levels of ACT A of umbilical artery blood in both groups were determined by a solid quantitative biotin-avidin system enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(BAS-ELISA),umbilical artery blood gas were also measured.Results The level of ACT A of umbilical artery blood in fetal distress group was (1 235.89?178.78)ng/L,and that in control group was (627.28?75.24)ng/L,and the level of ACT A of umbilical artery blood in fetal distress group was significantly higher than that in control group(P

Objective To explore a better method to repair cervical cicatricle contracture deformity.Methods The cervicai cicatrical contraction deformity was repaird by the cervico-shoulder island skin flap with blood supply crossing and abundant anastomotic branches of the neck-shoulder blood vessels. After removing the cervical scar, the flaps were designed according to the size of the wound to be repaired, and the clinical anatomy of crossing and abundant anastomotic branches of the neck-shoulder blood vessels. The secondary wound of donor site was closed directly if the donor region was small, or closed by skin graft. Results Sixteen patients in this clinic were operated with this method, and venous return dysfunction occurred in 1 case, but blood circulation was improved after treatment. All the flaps survived with good appearance and texture. The extensive flap was created and transferred to the anterior neck by one stage without pre-expansion which met some patients'requirement of repairing cervical cicatricle contracture deformity. Conclusion The cervico-shoulder island skin flap, with abundant blood supply, is a new method to repair cervical cicatricle contracture deformity.

A flavivirus, Culex flavivirus, was first isolated from Chinese mosquitoes with high sequences similarities to those of flaviviruses found in America and Japan. In this study, a total of 48 pools of field-collected mosquitoes were sampled from Dandong of Liaoning Province, China during July to September of 2011. Six isolated viruses showing cytopathic effect (CPE) in C6/C36 cells were tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)using Flavivirus genus--specific primers and Culex flavivirus-specific primers and the positive PCR-product was sequenced and compared with the sequences of 10 isolates from GenBank. Phylogenetic tree of NS5 and enevelop genes of flavivirus were constructed. The GenBank accession numbers of NS5 gene were JQ409188, JQ409186, JQ409187, JQ409191, JQ409189 and JQ409190. The GenBank accession numbers of envelope gene were JQ065883, JQ065882, JQ065881, JQ065879,JQ065877 and JQ065878.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; China ; Culex ; classification ; virology ; Flavivirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Insect Vectors ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

Objective To investigate the effects of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) inhibitor minocyclin hydrochloride in Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). Methods EAM was induced by injection of cardiac C protein emulsified in completed Freund adjuvant in double footpad and intra peritoneal injection of pertussis toxin on 6- to 8-week old Lewis rats. Sixty EAM Lewis rats were dividedinto 3 groups (early, middle and late intervention groups, n =20 each: 10 minocyclin treated and 10 control rats). In early intervention group, rats in treatment group received intraperitoneal injection of minocyclin hydrochloride from 1st to 21st day after immunization; in middle intervention group, rats were treated from 8th to 28th day after immunization and in late intervention group, rats were treated from 15th to 35th day after immunization (50 mg/kg body weight, once daily). Control rats received intraperitoneal injection of same volumetric physiological saline at corresponding time periods. At the end of intervention, rats were euthanatized and hearts were harvested. Paraffin sections were used for hematoxylin and eosin stain to determine the inflammatory score, for picrosirius stain to determine fibrosis score and collagen content, and for immunohistological stain to determine macrophages and T lymphocytes. Real time PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of myocardial MMP-2 and MMP-9. Cryostat sections were used for in situ zymography to detect protein activity of gelatinase. Results Inflammatory score in cardiac paraffin slides, number of cardiac macrophages and T lymphocytes, cardiac interstitial fibrosis score and content, expression of MMP-2, 9 mRNA and activity of gelatinase in treatment group were all significantly lower than in control group for early and middle intervention groups ( inflammatory score: early control group vs. treatment group: 3.03 ± 1.35 vs. 1.51 ±0. 36,P ＜0. 05, middle control group vs. treatment group: 3.75 ±0. 29 vs. 2. 11 ±0. 82,P ＜0. 01; cardiac interstitial fibrosis score, early control group vs. treatment group: 2. 75 ±0. 29 vs. 1.51 ± 0.35, P＜0.01, middle control group vs. treatment group: 2.50 ±0.41 vs. 1.61 ±0.42, P＜0.05;gelatinase, early control group vs. treatment group: 162 367 ±5095 vs. 62 366 ±2131, P ＜0. 01, middle control group vs. treatment group: 184 256 ±5427 vs. 113 197 ±4809, P ＜0. 01 ) while these parameters were similar between minocyclin-treated and control rats in late intervention group ( all P ＞ 0. 05 ).Conclusions MMP-9 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune myocarditis. Inhibition of MMP-9 in early and middle stage could significantly attenuate inflammatory responses and myocardial fibrosis in this experimental EAM model.

Objective To study the expressions of foliate binding protein 1(Folbp1),Wnt and ?-catenin genes on the heart of offspring during the development of embryo,whose mother was deficient of folic acid.Methods Control group involving 18 rats and study group involving 18 rats were choosen from the total 36 adult female SD rats randomly copulate with the male normal rats after feeding different fodder for 2 weeks.The heart of the 13.5,17.5 days embryos and the newborns were obtained.The expressions of Folbp1,Wnt and ?-catenin genes mRNA at the 3 periods were evaluated by RT-PCR.Results The expressions of Folbp1,Wnt and ?-catenin genes mRNA of the study group were significantly weaker than those of the control group in heart of the 13.5,17.5 days embryos and the newborns(all P

BACKGROUND: Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and stiffness are taken as useful surrogate markers of atherosclerosis. In China, the number of elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis has increased year by year, with the increase of dialysis-related cardiovascular events. This study was undertaken to examine carotid stiffness in elderly hemodialysis patients by the ultrasound techniques in order to find out the possible risk factors. METHODS: From January 2006 to February 2010, a total of 87 patients (41 males and 46 females) treated with routine hemodialysis at the 97th Hospital of People's Liberation Army were enrolled in this study. The distensibility coefficient (DC) of the carotid artery was detected by Doppler ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus (Philips HBI5000, frequency 12 MHz) for evaluation of arterial stiffness. Serum albumin, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), glucose, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were examined with standard methods. The liner correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to find correlations between them. RESULTS: In this study, the systolic blood pressure was 153.33±25.98 mmHg, DBP 84.22± 10.39 mmHg, TC 4.39±1.05 mmol/L, TG 1.36±0.72 mmol/L, LDL 2.47±0.77 mmol/L, Cr 889.82± 207.38 mol/L, Glu 5.36±1.87 mmol/L, Ca I 2.00±2.19±0.21 mmol/L, and DC 13.39±5.32×10-3/kPa. DC was associated with age (r =-0.459, P<0.001), SBP (r =-0.527, P<0.001), and serum calcium (r =-0.273, P=0.011). The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that SBP, age, increased serum calcium level, and diabetes were independent risk factors for decreasing DC. CONCLUSION: Systolic blood pressure, age, increased serum calcium level and diabetes in elderly hemodialysis patients are independent risk factors for increased carotid arterial stiffness.