Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,pathogen distribution and outcome of lower respiratory tract fungal infection in patients with mechanical ventilation in emergency intensive care unit(EICU). Methods The clinical data of patients with lower respiratory tract fungal infection treated with mechanical ventilation in EICU were retrospectively analysed. Results Eighty(64.5%) of the 124 patients with mechanical ventilation experienced lower respiratory tract infection,among whom 21(26.2%) were complicated with fungal infection.The predominant pathogen was Candida(Candida albicans,n=11;Candida tropicalis,n=5;Candida smooth,n=3;Candida parapsilosis,n=2).Compared with patients with non-fungal infection(n=59),those with fungal infection(n=21) had higher APACHE II score,longer mechanical ventilation time and longer ICU stay duration(P

Since 2007, a number of published population-based studies have shown that stroke epidemiology has changed. There are some differences in morbidity, mortality, risk factors and clinical prognosis of stroke between the high-income countries and the less developed countries.

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Ghrelin ; blood ; Glucose ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; blood ; Time Factors

AIM:To explore the inhibitory effects of tumor associated mitochondrial protein 12 (TAMP12) on tumor cell apoptosis. METHODS: (1) A retrovirus expression vector was recombinated and transfected into the packaging cell line PA317. The virus particles were obtained to infect the target cell line HepG2 low expressing of TAMP12. The expression of TAMP12 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. The subcellular localization and quantification of TAMP12 protein labeled with double fluorescein were observed under confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). (2) Hoechst33258 staining and flow cytometry (FACS) were used to analysis the apoptosis of HepG2 cells treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). RESULTS: (1) The CLSM observation showed that TAMP12 protein was mainly expressed in mitochondria of HepG2 cells. The expressions of TAMP12 gene and protein were stable and high in transfected HepG2 cells. (2) Upon treatment with 5-FU, the transfected HepG2 cells showed a fairly integrated nucelus while the control HepG2 cells exhibited chromatin condensation, marginalization and karyorhexix. Moreover, the apoptosis rate of transfeced HepG2 cells was significantly lower than that in control HepG2 cells (P

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy on vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) between auricular acupuncture therapy and oral administration of medicine.

METHODSSixty patients of VBI were randomized into an auricular acupuncture therapy group and a medicine group, 30 cases in each one. In the auricular acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied bilaterally to gan (CO12) and jiejie (HX8) on the ears and needles were retained for 15 min. After needle withdrawal, the vaccariae semen were fixed with plaster at naogan (AT3, 4i), zhen (AT3), jing (AH12), shen (CO10) and pi (CO13) on the ears. In the medicine group, flunarizine hydrochloride capsules (Sibelium), 5mg were prescribed for oral administration, once every night. The treatment lasted continuously for 2 weeks (14 days) in the two groups. In 2 weeks, the clinical efficacy was assessed and the transcranial doppler (TCD) examination was performed.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the symptom scores were all apparently reduced in the patients of the two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the medicine group, the reduced score was much more obvious in the auricular acupuncture group (P < 0.05), indicating the significant difference. After treatment, with TCD examination, the blood velocity was increased to different degrees in the patients of low velocity type in the auricular acupuncture group and the medicine group; that was reduced to different degrees in the patients of high velocity type in the auricular acupuncture group and the medicine group. All of them were different significantly as compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.05). But the difference was not significant between the two groups (both P > 0.05). In comparison of clinical efficacy between the two groups, the effective rate was 93.3% (28/30) in the acupuncture group and better than 76.7% (23/30) in the medicine group, indicating the significant difference in comparison (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe auricular acupuncture therapy achieves the definite efficacy on VBI and the efficacy is better than flunarizine hydrochloride capsules.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture, Ear ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the association between Alzheimer' s disease (AD) and apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism and apoE epsilon4 allele; and to investigate the role of apoE in senile plaque formation.

METHODSDuring the period from 1982 to 2003, 27 portmortem cases of AD from the archival files of Department of Pathology of Beijing Hospital, diagnosed according to the consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD) criteria, were enrolled into this study. Among the 27 cases studied, there were 23 cases of definite AD and 4 cases of probable AD. Postmortem brain tissues from 67 neurologically unremarkable deceased were used as age-matched controls. Immunohistochemical study for beta-amyloid (Abeta) and Tau protein, as well as immunohistochemical study for Abeta/apoE, were performed in all AD cases using streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) and double immunostaining ( SP/ABC) methods, respectively. Senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the 23 cases of definite AD were further quantified. The apoE genotypes in all cases were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism technologies.

RESULTSImmunohistochemical study for Abeta distinguished 4 different types of senile plaques: diffuse non-neuritic plaques, diffuse neuritic plaques, dense-core neuritic plaques and dense-core non-neuritic plaques. Double immunohistochemistry for Abeta/apoE showed that some senile plaques were positive for both Abeta and apoE. The expression rates for Abeta and apoE in these 4 different types of senile plaques were 4. 28%, 84. 71%, 8.50% and 2.51%, respectively. The positivity rate for Abeta/apoE in diffuse neuritic plaques were significantly higher than those in other 3 types (P < 0.01). The frequency of occurrence of apoE epsilon4 allele in AD was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). The numbers of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in AD cases with apoE epsilon4 allele were also significantly higher than those in AD cases without apoE epsilon4 allele (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSApoE polymorphism is associated with AD. The presence of apoE epsilon4 allele carries a higher risk for the development of AD. ApoE may also play an important role in the transformation of diffuse non-neuritic plaques to diffuse neuritic plaques.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alleles ; Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibrillary Tangles ; pathology ; Plaque, Amyloid ; pathology ; tau Proteins ; metabolism

Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; B7-2 Antigen ; analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Histiocytic Disorders, Malignant ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Sarcoma ; chemistry ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; chemistry ; drug therapy ; pathology

Adult ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; adverse effects ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foscarnet ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; drug therapy ; etiology ; immunology ; virology ; Male

Objective To study the feature that murine cytomegalovirus(MCMV)infect macrophage strain RAW264.7 and the influence of virus infection on proliferation and apoptosis of RAW264.7 in vitro.Methods RAW was infected by MCMV Smith with multiplicity of infection(MOI)1,0.1 and 0.01,respectivelv.The cells and culture supernatant were collected at 6,12,24,36,48,72,96 and 120 h post-infection(P.i.).Cytopathic effect(CPE)was found with microscope.Virus particles and uhrastructural changes of RAW were observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM). Early antigen(EA)expression was assaved bv immunohistochemical method.The proliferation of MCMV was studied by plaque formation assay.The influence of virus infection on proliferation and apoptosis of RAW were measured by MTT method and flow cytometry.The mouse embryo fibroblast(MEF)susceptible to MCMV infection was positive contro1.Results RAW was swollen and desquamated on 24-48 h P.i..The full-grown virus particles and swollen organelles in RAW were displayed with TEM.Preliminary positive expression of EA was demonstra ted from 6 h(MOI=1 and 0.1)to 12 h(MOI=0.01)P.i..Virus titer in RAw supernatant increased obviouslv on 24 h p.i.and reached the peak on 96-120 h P.i..The proliferation of RAW could be obviously inhibited by MCMV on 72-120 h p.i..When infected by virus with MOI=0.1,necrotic cells of RAW increased on 72-120 h D.i.and the influence of MCMV infection on apoptosis of RAW was not obvious.Conclusion Macrophage strain RAW264.7 is susceptible to MCMV,and it emerges faster cytolytic and productive infection than MEF.MCMV can inhibit the proliferation of RAW but not influence the apoptosis of it.These results can provide a practical experimental model for studying immunological pathogenic mechanism of cytomegalovirus in vitro.

Objective To investigate the technique and effect of tunneled cuffed catheter as long-term hemodialysis access and the prevention of its related complications.Methods Permcath cuffed dual lumen catheter wag implanted in patients by the standard Seldinger technique,that a guidewire wss inserted into deep central vein, following by the insertion of the cuffed catheter through a peel-away sheath.The catheter related complications were observed.Urea reduce rate(URR),the Kt/V,the normalized protein catabolic rate(nPCR)and the time-averaged BUN concentration(TACurea)were measured as the index of the effect of hemodislysis.The effects were compared to those of arteriovenous fistula(AVF)within the same period(in 20 cases).Results In the total of 25 patients, 23 catheters were implanted in the internal jugular vein (21 cases at right,two at left side),one in the subclavian vein and one in the external jugular vein.Except for that one case died of cerebral infarction,all patients were using the catheter in well condition.Catheter related thrombosis or underfed occurred in 4 cases for 9 times, which became fluent after thrombolytic therapy or the adjustment of catheters.Catheter related infections occurred in 2 cases,and were successfully treated with anti-inflammation therapy.The average URR was 71.03%,Kt/V was 1.29,TAC urea was 12.74 mmol/L,and nPCR was 0.93 g/(kg·d)in all 25 patients,which was not significant different compared to patients with AVF((URR 72.46%,Kt/V 1.31,TACurea 12.86 mmol/L,nPCR 0.94 g/(kg·d)).Conclusions Cuffed dual lumen catheter for long-term aecegs in persistent hemodialysis has good effect on hemodialysis. Good catheter implanting technique and prevention of complications may improve the application of the catheter.