It is unable to cultivate students' ability of application and innovation by the traditional teaching form in pharmaceutics for the pharmaceutics is fragmented and intersective with other disciplines. This paper analyzes the characteristics and shortcomings of traditional teaching methods of pharmaceutics. The flipped classroom is applied to pharmaceutics teaching with SPOC, world coffee and hacker. The results shows that the flipped classroom can effectively improve the motivation and learning efficiency of students, especially improve their self-study and innovation ability. It can realize the diversity of teaching evaluation.

0.05),and their costs were 1 026.9,1 481.8,and 1 472.3 yuan respectively.CONCLUSION:The result showed that Group A was more reasonable and economical among the three schemes.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the cause of CABG infection and its controlling methodology. METHODS In order to conduct comparative analysis of 40 cases of CABG incision infection and 40 cases of CABG without infection,the "rank sum test" statistical models were applied. RESULTS According to the analysis of statistics,the hospitalized days and costs in sample group with infection were higher than that of control group,and the difference had statistical significance.Compared with the control group,the hospitalized days of sample group with infection averagely increased 43.03 days(2.85 times),and the total hospitalized costs of it averagely increased RMB 84 314.38 yuan(2.02 times). CONCLUSIONS Apart from patients themselves,there are also many possibilities which will cause the infection,which request the on-going works on surgery skills improvement,standardizing the process of aseptic technique,disinfection and isolation,utilizing antimicrobial agents rationally,reducing patients′ hospitalized days before surgery,as well as improving the pre-operative management etc.

Hepatitis E, caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection, usually leads to an acute clinical course, and is the most common diagnosis among cases of acute viral hepatitis. From 2008, there have been increasing reports of chronic HEV infection in immunocompromised patients such as organ transplant recipients. Without intervention with antiviral treatment, approximately 60% of HEV infections in organ transplant recipients evolve into chronic HEV infections. Of these chronic hepatitis E patients, 10% may develop liver fibrosis and progress to liver cirrhosis. This article reviews chronic HEV infection and treatment in organ transplant recipients.
Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis E ; drug therapy ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Transplant Recipients ; Transplants ; virology

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antitubercular Agents ; therapeutic use ; Coal Mining ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Ofloxacin ; therapeutic use ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; Silicotuberculosis ; drug therapy

Overexpression of human ether-脿-go-go (eag) related gene (hERG) has been found in a broad range of human leukemia cell lines and primary human leukemia. The block of hERG protein might be a potential therapeutic strategy for leukemia. Gambogic acid (GA) has recently exhibited marked anti-tumor potency on solid tumors of various derivations. Here, we investigated the anti-leukemia effects of GA and its relation to the regulation of hERG in K562 leukemia cells in vitro. K562 cells were treated with various concentrations of GA (0.125-8.0 micromol/L) for 0-72 h. MTT assay was used to evaluate the inhibition effect of GA on the growth of K562 cells. Cell apoptosis was measured through both Annexin-V FITC/PI double-labeled cytometry and transmission electron microscopy. Cell cycle regulation was studied by a propidium iodide method. RT-PCR and Western blot were applied to detect the expression level of hERG in K562 cells. GA presented striking growth inhibition and apoptosis induction potency on K562 cells in vitro in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The IC(50) value of GA for 24 h was 2.637+/-0.208 micromol/L. Moreover, GA induced K562 cells arrested in G(0)/G(1) phase, accordingly, cells in S phase decreased gradually, and no obvious changes were found in G(2)/M phase cells. Under the transmission electron microscopy, apoptotic bodies containing nuclear fragments were found in GA-treated K562 cells. After treatment with GA of 2.0 micromol/L for 24 h, the percentage of apoptotic cells was increased from 4.09% to 18.47% (P<0.01). Overexpression of hERG channel was found in K562 cells, while GA could down-regulate it at both protein and mRNA levels (P<0.01). It was concluded that GA exhibited its anti-leukemia effects partially through down-regulating the expression level of hERG channel in K562 cells, suggesting that GA may be a potential agent against leukemia with a mechanism of blocking hERG channel.

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of venous thromboembolism risk factors in hospitalized patients in department of cardiology,tumor,gerontism and orthopaedics. To analyze the frequency and category of protective measure. Methods The clinical data of 200 inpatients with high risk fators of venous thromboembolism were analyzed, the data including demography, sociology and information of prevention and cure. Results The patient with high risk fators of venous thromboembolism is a great deal ,with a ratio of male to female as 1.5 : 1. A peak of incidence was found at 60 to 79 years of age. The frequent risk factors include tumor, severe infection, congestive heart failure and ischemic stroke. The proportion of patients with high risk fator of venous thromboembolism is 7. 4%. The distribution of risk factor in different department is diverse. The ratio of adopting prophylactic anticoagulation correctly is very low. Conclusion The ratio of VTE cases in hospitalized patients is increasing,but the ratio of adopting correct therapy is very low. Clinical doctors have insufficient cognition yet. The clinical cognition and the prevention and cure of VTE should be strengthened urgently.

After the limitations of modeling scientific literature novelty assessment were analyzed in light of the de-velopment of scientific literature novelty assessment, comprehensive assessment of the innovations and overall develop-ment of the projects was proposed with combined traditional literature retrieval and multivariate analysis according to the competitive information theory and integrated comprehensive assessment theory in combination with bibliometrics and special case analysis of literature novelty assessment.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the professional cognitive level and its influencing factors of fresh nursing students in Yunnan,in order to provide a basis for nursing education workers, improve the situation and put forward a series of interventions.MethodsA questionnaire survey was done among 623 fresh nursing students in 5 universities of Yunnan province,and the data were collected and analyzed using the descriptive analysis and chi-square test of software SPSS22.0.Results There were 313 peoples choose nursing for easy future employment in qualified 599 questionnaires. The professional cognitive level in Yunnan was not comprehensive compared with other provinces,and the ratio of the nursing mission and etc were lower than other provinces with statistical significance(P < 0.05). However,there were 50 people(40.98%)would like to choose other major of 122 people who come from other provinces,which was higher than that of Yunnan (34.98%). There were 324 students(63.11%)were proud of nursing,327 students(63.70%)think nursing have a good development prospect who received the freshmen entrance education,which were higher than 35.62% and 42.47% of who could not receive the freshmen entrance education,with a statistical significance(P < 0.05). ConclusionSchool should reinforce the new students entrance education and professional publicity to cultivate the professional emotion of nursing freshmen.

Objective:To investigate the influence of lumbar disc degeneration on the efficacy of lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation in sitting position in treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH). Methods:We simulated lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation of sitting position using three finite element models including a normal model, a mild degeneration model and a moderate degeneration model of L3-5, in which the herniated disc was assumed at the left rear of L4 disc and the rotation manipulation was carried out on the right side. The displacement and stress at the left rear of L4 disc of the three models were analyzed. Results:When lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation in sitting position was carried out, a displacement and stress were generated at the left rear of L4 intervertebral disc of the three models directing forward. The displacement and stress in degeneration models were less than those in the normal model, and the smallest values were found in the moderate degeneration model. From normal model to mild and then to the moderate degeneration model, the displacement decreased by 36% and 59%, and the stress decreased by 22.3% and 45.2%, respectively. Conclusion:The lumbar disc degeneration affects adversely the effectiveness of lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation in sitting position in the treatment of LIDH. The severer the lumbar degeneration, the greater the influence.