Catheter Ablation ; adverse effects ; Heart Septum ; surgery ; Humans

Shan Qi soy has busting bags, bacteria sum overproof, continue acidification and other problems occasionally during the storage. It's probably caused by the Lactobacillus continue growth in the soy. We tried expounding the relationship between growth and producing acid when Lactobacillus growing in the thin fermented material.

Objective　To establish animal model for hypertrophic scar and study the characters of its morphology and collagen metabolism. Methods　A total of 64 round wounds (diameter of 6 mm each) with total skin loss were made on the ventral side of rabbit ear using a trephine. Morphology and collagen metabolism of scar wounds were studied at 14,21,35,70 and 98 days after operation, respectively. Results　There were 76% elevated scars developed (45/59 wounds) on the ventral side of rabbit ear at 21 days and 46% elevated scars disappeared (11/24) at 98 days after operation. There were numerous fibroblast proliferation and whorl-arranged collagen fibers at 21 and 35 days. The number of fibroblast decreased, but irregular-arranged fibers still presented in the elevated scars at 70 and 98 days after operation. Hydroxyproline content in elevated scars at 21 days was higher than that in normal skin (P<0.05), and at 35 days was 3 times as that in normal skin and at 98 days was also markedly higher than that in normal skin (P<0.05). Conclusion　Excessive deposition of collagen is a characteristic of hypertrophic scar in rabbits. The conversion of normal scarring to hypertrophic scarring in rabbits occurs at 14～21 days after operation. Both development and regression of hypertrophic scar in rabbit are quicker than that in human.

A total of 159 patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)were enrolled from December 2006 to June 2008 and divided into the percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)group and the internal medicine treatment group.The participants in the two groups were further assigned to the Tirofiban or the placebo control group.The change in electrocardiograph within 48 hours,major adverse cardiac events (MACE)during hospital stay and 30 days' follow-up,and bleeding were compared between the sub-groups.As a result,in comparison with the placebo control groups,the Tirofiban sub-groups showed significant improvement in electrocardiography(P＜0.01).In the internal medicine treatment group,the rate of MACE during 30 days' follow-up was significantly decreased in patients treated with Tirofiban(P＜0.05),although no significant difference in bleeding rate was found.Our data suggest that Tirofiban may be safe and effective in the treatment of ACS.

To explore the protective effects of trimetazidine on vascular endothelial cells injury induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and its pharmacological mechanisms of anti-oxidation.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were injured by H2O2.Next,the cells were treated with three different concentrations of trimetazidine (1 μmol/L,10 μmol/L,100μmol/L,respectively).The viability of cells was detected by methyl thiazoeyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay.In addition,malondialdehyde (MDA)contents,superoxide dismutase (SOD) and secretion of NO were measured.Results Trimetazidine could enhance the viability of the injured HUVECs induced by oxidation,decrease the level of MDA,enhance the SOD activity,and increase the secretion of nitrogen monoxide.These effects were in a certain dose-dependent manner and the difference was significant among the three concentrations (P＜0.05).Conclusions Our results suggest that trimctazidine may protect lipid peroxidation and prevent oxidation-induced cellular dysfunction of HUVECs (J Geriatr Cardiol 2008;5:248-251)

AIM: To establish an experimental model of high intraocular pressure in mice by laser photocoagulation and to prepare for future research.
METHODS: Experimental model of high intraocular pressure was induced unilaterally in 44 C57BL/6 mice. The fellow eye served as a control. TONO-PEN AVIA Tonomter was used to measure intraocular pressure (IOP) to guarantee IOP value at 1, 2, 4, 8wk. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy was performed throughout the period and the structural changes were assessed histologically. And then, their eyes were enucleated, postfixed, cryoprotected, and embedded in optimal cutting temperature medium. After hematoxylin and eosin stain ( HE stain ) , cryosections of the retina were observed under light microscope. TdT-mediated biotin-dUTP nick end labeling ( TUNEL ) was performed on the retinal sections to determine apoptosis rate.
RESULTS: IOP of laser-treated eyes was significantly higher than that of control eyes from 1-8wk (P<0. 05). The highest IOP was 31mmHg, but only one eye. The IOP was mainly around 20mmHg. In laser-treated eyes, the angle of anterior chamber were narrow. Number of cells in the inner nuclear layer and retial gangllion cell layer was slightly lower than that in control eyes at 2wk, but by 4 and 8wk the number of cells was significantly lower than that in the control contralateral eyes.
CONCLUSION: The laser photocoagulation of limbus causes chronic elevation of IOP and this method may be a promising experimental model for the investigation of biological mechanisms of glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell damage.

Identification of genetic risk factors is the hotspot of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Through candidate gene approach and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), some genes were preliminary identified. To review AIS related genes,and construct the gene network map of AIS gene. We searched on NCBI PubMed and Web of Science database using search terms "adolescent idiopathic scoliosis" and "gene", to classify induction genes. We then constructed gene diagram using string-db. We found 35 AIS genes relating to connective tissue, nervous system active substances, melatonin synthesis and metabolism, puberty and growth, and genes whose function is unknown. Gene diagram shows that a network relationship between gene and other genes,in which IL6, ESR1, ESR2, VDR, TGFB1, IGF1 gene may as the key gene about AIS' genetic mechanism. Two sites of 3 GWAS results outside the network, it is suggesting new pathway that need to be explored. The study about AIS susceptibility gene is still preliminary, requiring in-depth research to identify the new networks.
Adolescent ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; genetics ; Matrilin Proteins ; genetics ; Scoliosis ; genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo establish a new drug screening model based on transcriptional regulation of human high density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor gene CD36 and LIMPII analogous-1 (CLA-1) for discovering up-regulator of this receptor.

METHODSThe upstream regulatory sequence of CLA-1 was obtained by polymerase chain reaction. A recombinant reporter plasmid pGL3-CLAP was constructed by inserting the regulatory sequence upstream of luciferase gene of pGL3-Basic. Human hepatoma cell line BEL-7402 was transfected with pGL3-CLAP. Samples were detected by testing luciferase activity of transfected BEL-7402 cells in microtiter wells.

RESULTSThe drug screening model was established and optimized. Significant difference was present between pGL3-CLAP and pGL3-Basic transfected BEL-7402 cells (P< 0.001), and coefficient of variation was less than 10%. After primary and secondary screening, 1 compounds and 3 fermentation extracts had up-regulating activities.

CONCLUSIONThis new drug screening model may be efficiently used to screen up-regulators of human HDL receptor expression, which might become lead compounds for new anti-atherosclerosis drugs.

CD36 Antigens ; Cholesterol Esters ; metabolism ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Receptors, Immunologic ; genetics ; Receptors, Lipoprotein ; genetics ; Receptors, Scavenger ; Scavenger Receptors, Class B ; Transcription, Genetic ; drug effects ; Up-Regulation

BACKGROUNDResistin, a novel adipokine linked to insulin resistance and obesity in rodents, which is derived mainly from macrophages and identified in atheromas in human, has been shown to play a potential role in atherosclerosis. Resistin levels were reported to increase in coronary artery disease (CAD), while data concerning resistin in different stages of CAD in Chinese people are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess whether plasma concentrations of resistin differed between patients with unstable and stable angina pectoris.

METHODSPlasma resistin levels were determined by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 46 patients with unstable angina (UAP), 37 with stable angina (SAP) and 31 control subjects.

RESULTSPlasma concentrations of resistin were significantly increased in UAP group (geometric mean (interquartile range) 12.09 ng/ml (8.40, 18.08)) in comparison with SAP (9.04 ng/ml (7.09, 11.44)) and control groups (8.71 ng/ml (6.58, 11.56)). No differences in resistin levels were found between patients with SAP and controls. We also found that plasma resistin positively correlated with leukocyte counts (r = 0.21, P = 0.027), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (r = 0.25, P = 0.008), and endothelin-1 (r = 0.21, P = 0.025) after adjustment for age, sex and BMI.

CONCLUSIONResistin may be involved in the development of CAD by influencing systemic inflammation and endothelial activation.

Aged ; Angina, Unstable ; blood ; Body Mass Index ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Resistin ; blood

BACKGROUNDCandida albicans is the most frequently seen opportunistic human fungal pathogen. Terbinafine is an allylamine antifungal agent that has been proven to have high clinical efficacy in the therapy of fungal infections, the mechanism of action of terbinafine involves the specific inhibition of fungal squalene epoxidase, resulting in ergosterol deficiency and accumulation of intracellular squalene. We used cDNA microarray analysis technology to monitor global expression profile changes of Candida albicans genes in response to terbinafine treatment, and we anticipated a panoramic view of the responses of Candida albicans cells to the representatives of allylamine antifungal agents at the molecular level in an effort to identify drug class-specific and mechanism-independent changes in gene expression.

METHODSCandida albicans strain ATCC 90028 was exposed to either medium alone or terbinafine at a concentration equivalent to the 1/2 minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs, 4 mg/L) for 90 minutes. RNA was isolated and gene expression profiles were compared to identify the changes in the gene expression profile using a cDNA microarray analysis. Differential expression of 10 select genes detected by cDNA microarray analysis was confirmed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSA total of 222 genes were found to be responsive to terbinafine, including 121 up-regulated genes and 101 down-regulated genes. These included genes encoding membrane transport proteins belonging to the members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) or major facilitator superfamily (MFS; CDR1, AGP2, GAP6, PHO84, HOL3, FCY23, VCX1), genes involved in stress response and detoxification (CDR1, AGP2, HOL3), and gene involved in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway (ERG12). The results of semi-quantitative RT-PCR were consistent with that of the cDNA microarray analysis.

CONCLUSIONSThe up-regulation of the gene encoding the multidrug resistance efflux pump CDR1 may contribute to the terbinafine resistance in Candida albicans. However, the precise roles of other affected genes remain unclear, further studies of these genes and their respective products that play roles in the context of antifungal resistance are warranted.

Antifungal Agents ; pharmacology ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; genetics ; Ergosterol ; biosynthesis ; Fungal Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genome, Fungal ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Naphthalenes ; pharmacology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis