OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Baichanting Compound (BC) on dopamine (DA) in striatum of Parkinson's disease (PD) mice, and to screen the optimal component proportion.

METHODSThe PD model was established in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced C57BL/6 mice. By using uniform design, they were intervened by three extracts of BC in different proportions [Acanthopanax senticosus extract (X1): white peony root extract (X2): Uncaria rhynchophylla extract (X3) = 30.00: 34.92: 82.50, 48.00: 19.98: 72.19, 18.00: 44.88: 61.88, 36.00: 29.94: 51.56, 54.00: 15.00: 41.25, 24.00: 39.90: 30.94, 42.00: 24.96: 20.63). Equal volume of 5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium was administered to mice in the model group and the normal group by gastrogavage. All medication was lasted for 20 successive days. The dopamine (DA) content was determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Except 10 in the normal group, 20 PD model mice were screened and divided into the model group and the BC group (with the optimal proportion) according to random digit table. BC extract in optimal proportion was administered to mice in the BC group by gastrogavage, while equal volume of 5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium was administered to mice in the model group and the normal group by gastrogavage. All medication was lasted for 20 successive days. Praxiology was observed in each group. DA content in striatum was also detected. Results Compared with the normal group, the DA content in striatum decreased significantly in the model group (P < 0.01), suggesting a successful PD modeling. Compared with the model group, the DA content in striatum increased significantly in 1 and 2 groups (P<0.05). According to results of quadratic polynomial stepwise regression statistics, the regression equation obtained was: Y = 0.265 + 0.026 X 2 - 0.056 X 3 + 0.334 x 10(-3) x X1 x X3 + 0.691 x 10(-3) X X3(2). X3 extract was the main factor influencing the effectiveness (P < 0.01). The optimal proportion of BC was predicted by the regression equation: X1 = 54.00 mg/(kg x d), X2 = 44.88 mg/(kg x d), the X3 = 82.50 mg/(kg x d). The pole climbing time was shortened, times of autonomic activities increased, DA content was elevated, all with statistical difference in BC groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBC could increase DA content in PD model mice with the optimal proportion as 54.00: 44.88: 82.50.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dopamine ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Mass Spectrometry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Motor Activity ; Parkinson Disease ; drug therapy ; metabolism

Animals ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex ; injuries ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Nerve Regeneration ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To analyze the situation of smoking control calls at 12345 citizens′ hotline in Shanghai and investigate the smoking control hotspots concerned by citizens, the handling efficiency and quality of the hotline management, especially after the tobacco control ordinance was amended. Methods Statistical analysis was made on 48 945 smoking control calls, and data model established by natural language processing. Results After amendment of the tobacco control ordinance, there was a great increase in the number of smoking control calls, which reached a peak in 2017, and became 6.7 times that of 2016.Complaint report was the most important part of tobacco control calls, accounting for 76.24% of the total.Work and dining places were the main venue for complaints, while restaurants and offices were with the largest number of calls.The proportion of health departments in all responsible departments was the largest, accounting for 29.71%.Criticism and education were still the main way to deal with the problem, which was far from meeting the demands of citizens in this regard. Conclusion Publicity can mobilize the enthusiasm of the citizens to participate in tobacco control.The working efficiency and quality of responsible departments still needs to be improved.Citizen′s appeal can serve as a reference for future amendments to the law.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical treatment and prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).

METHODSThe clinicopathological data of 84 patients with GIST undergone resection between April 1997 and June 2008 were analyzed retrospectively, and the prognosis was evaluated.

RESULTSOut of 84 cases, 42 tumors located in stomach, 24 in small intestine, 18 in other sites. Tumor sizes ranged from 0.5 to 25 cm(average 5.6 cm). Positive rate of CD117 expression determined by immunohistochemical methods was 96.4%. Seventy-nine cases underwent complete tumor resection, while 5 cases received palliative resection or biopsy. Seventy-eight patients were followed up and their 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 92.0%, 79.2%, 72.0% respectively. The Fletcher's classification of malignancy risk groups for GIST was related to the survival rates(P=0.001). The differences of survival rate among very low risk group, low risk group and high-risk group were significant(P=0.003, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONSComplete tumor resection in the initial operation of GIST should be emphasized. The Fletcher's classification of malignancy risk groups for GIST is related to the survival rate. Extended surgical resection is required for GIST of higher malignancy risk.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo examine the expressions of HLA class I antigen and CD8 in various cervical diseases and investigate their association with cervical cancer.

METHODSThe expressions of HLA class I antigen and CD8 in cervical tissues sampled from patients with cervical cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and chronic cervicitis were detected using SP immunohistochemistry. The association of the expressions of HLA class I antigen and CD8 with the clinicopathologic indices of the patients was analyzed.

RESULTSThe positive expression rates of HLA class I antigen in cervical cancer, CIN, and chronic cervicitis were 22.6%, 100.0%, and 100.0%, and the positive expression rates of CD8 were 22.6%, 95.5%, and 100.0%, respectively. The positive rates of HLA class I antigen and CD8 were significantly lower in patients with cervical cancer (P<0.01). Patients with stage I cervical cancer had significantly higher positive rates of HLA class I antigen and CD8 than those with stage II cervical cancer (46.7% vs 0.0%, 46.7% vs 0.0%, both P<0.01). The expressions of HLA class I antigen and CD8 decreased with the progression of the clinicopathological stages, and may even become undetectable. The expressions of HLA class I antigen and CD8 were not related to the differentiation degree of the tumor or lymph node metastasis (P>0.05). A positive correlation was found between HLA class I antigen expression and CD8 expression.

CONCLUSIONThe expressions of HLA class I antigen and CD8 are down-regulated or deleted in CIN and cervical cancer, and they may play important roles in the development and progression of CIN and cervical cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; CD8 Antigens ; immunology ; metabolism ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; immunology ; pathology ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of microencapsulated Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells modified with maspin gene on the motility and adhesiveness of breast carcinoma cells Bcap37 and to explore the possibility and feasibility of its clinical application in treatment of malignant tumors.

METHODSAfter the Bcap37 cells were co-cultured with the microencapsulated CHO cells modified with maspin gene, their motility and adhesion to vascular endothelial cells (ECV304), changes in CD44v6 and E-cadherin expression were examined.

RESULTSAfter the treatment, the motility of Bcap37 cells, their adhesion to vascular endothelial cells ECV304 and the CD44v6 expression were significantly reduced. The adhesiveness of Bcap37 cells and their E-cadherin expression were significantly enhanced.

CONCLUSIONThe microencapsulated CHO cells modified with maspin gene decrease motility and adhesiveness of breast carcinoma cells Bcap37, which help explain the anti-metastatic effects of maspin.

Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; CHO Cells ; Capsules ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Movement ; Coculture Techniques ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Serpins ; genetics ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

BMP6 is a member of TGF-beta superfamily, represent more effective osteogenic activity. Two recombinant plasmids were constructed to expression rhBMP6 in mammalian cells, one contained the cDNA encoding the signal peptide, propeptide and mature peptide of human BMP6, wich was named pcDNA-BMP6, the other contained the recombinant DNA encoding the signal peptide, propeptide of human BMP2 and the mature peptide of BMP6, which was named pcDNA-BMP2/6. Transient expression in Cos7 cells demonstrated that the pcDNA-BMP2/6 produced more rhBMP6 than pcDNA-BMP6. For stable expression, the CHO-dhfr- cells were transfected with pcDNA-BMP2/6 and pSV2-dhfr, then screened by G418 and treated with MTX for targeting gene amplification. The partially purified rhBMP6 by heparin affinity chromatography was shown to possess bone induction activity tested by the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity in C2C12 cells.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; genetics ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; CHO Cells ; COS Cells ; Cell Line ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Myoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Protein Precursors ; genetics ; Protein Sorting Signals ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck, and recurrence is an important prognostic factor in patients with OSCC. We explored the factors associated with recurrence of OSCC and analyzed the survival of patients after recurrence. Clinicopathologic and follow-up data of 275 patients with OSCC treated by surgery in the Cancer Institute and Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between 2002 and 2006 were analyzed. Recurrence factors were analyzed with Chi-square or Fisher's exact test and multivariate analysis. The prognosis of patients after recurrence was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The recurrence rate was 32.7%. The recurrence time ranged from 2 to 96 months, with a median of 14 months. Univariate analysis showed that T stage, degree of differentiation, pN stage, flap application, resection margin, and lymphovascular invasion were factors of recurrence (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that T stage, degree of differentiation, and pN stage were independent factors of recurrence (P < 0.001). The differences in gender, age, tumor site, region of lymph node metastasis, and perineural invasion between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups were not significant (P > 0.05). Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests showed that the 2- and 5-year survival rates were significantly lower in the recurrence group than in non-recurrence group (67.6% vs. 88.0%, 31.8% vs. 79.9%, P < 0.001). Therefore, to improve prognosis, we recommend extended local excision, flap, radical neck dissection, and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for patients more likely to undergo recurrence.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Neck Dissection ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Survival Rate ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage ; Young Adult

AIMTo investigate the effects of morphine on synaptic transmission of neurons of central nervous system and reveal the mechanism underlying it.

METHODSNew born wistar rats were used for primary culture of hippocampus neurons. Using whole-cell patch-clamp technique, we observed the excitatory and spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic current (EPSC, sIPSC) and glutamate-induced current before and after morphine treatment.

RESULTS(1) sEPSC of hippocampal neurons was markedly increased after morphine application. The effect of morphine was blocked by opioid antagonist naloxone (n=18, P < 0.01). (2) The frequency of mEPSC and the amplitude of glutamate-induced current of hippocampal neurons had no significant changes after morphine treatment (P > 0.05). (3) Morphine inhibited sIPSC of hippocampal neurons markedly and naloxone could block this effect (n=13, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that the exciting effect of morphine on hippocampal neurons are not due to direct influence of morphine on glutamate synapses transmission, but may result from the inhibition on interneurons, that is "disinhibition" way.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cells, Cultured ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; physiology ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Morphine ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Synaptic Transmission ; drug effects ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo identify the genetic defect underlying congenital afibrinogenemia in a Chinese family.

METHODSPlasma fibrinogen (Fg) was assessed by both Clauss method and immunonephelometry. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood of the proband and 13 members of her family. All the exons and exon-intron boundaries of the three fibrinogen genes (FGA, FGB, FGG) were amplified by PCR followed by direct sequencing. Restriction endonuclease analysis was performed for the PCR products of the family members and 50 healthy donors to exclude gene polymorphism.

RESULTSNo Fg was detected in the plasma of the proband and her father by Clauss method, while low levels (< 0.02 g/L) were detected by immunonephelometry. A homozygous C to T mutation was found in the two cases at nucleotide 3108 in exon 4 of FGA gene, resulting in a null mutation which encoded severely truncated alpha-chains owing to its premature termination at the Gln 150 codon. The C-->T mutation eliminated a unique recognition site for restriction enzyme RsaI. The PCR amplified fragments of the proband and her father could not be digested by RsaI, showing that they are homozygous. Her mother and some family members are heterozygous at this site since the fragment could partly be digested, while the same fragment of controls could be completely digested as expected.

CONCLUSIONThe Gln (CAG)-->150stop (TAG) nonsense mutation in FGA gene is a novel genetic defect of congenital afibrinogenemia which, to our knowledge, has not been described before.

Adolescent ; Afibrinogenemia ; congenital ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Codon, Nonsense ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree