Objective To explore the alterations of protein phosphatase-2A (PP-2A) in lymphocytes in mild cognition impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods The activity PP-2A of was measured by ~(32)p liquid seintillography for incorporated radioactivity in control group(n=11) , the MCI group(n=11),and the AD group(n=11).The expression of PP-2A was determined by Western blot.Results In the control group,the activity of PP-2A (1.01?0.09) and the expression of PP-2A (0.96?0.07) were high while in the MCI group,the activity of PP-2A (0.71?0.12) and the expression of PP-2A (0.80?0.05) were decreased (both P

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of E2F transcription factor 2 （E2F2） on the cell adhesion of multiple myeloma cells by combining bioinformatics and cellular and molecular experiments. MethodsFirstly， clinical samples and GEO database were used to analyze the relationship between the E2F2 expression and the prognosis of myeloma patients. Then， differential genes were screened from the RNA-seq data of E2F2 knockdown myeloma cell line MM.1S. The GO biological function enrichment and KEGG signal pathway analysis were performed on these differential genes. Meanwhile， the protein interaction network was analyzed by using the string website. The E2F2 stable knockdown MM.1S cell line were constructed， and the expression level of E2F2 was measured by Western Blotting and qRT-PCR. The effect of stable knockdown E2F2 on the adhesion of myeloma cells was detected by cell adhesion experiment， and the expression of cell adhesion related genes were detected by qRT-PCR. The effect of stable E2F2 knockdown on myeloma cell migration was detected by cell migration assay. ResultsThe expression of E2F2 was significantly increased in clinical samples of myeloma patients， and the high expression of E2F2 is correlated with poor prognosis of myeloma patients in the GEO database. The analysis of RNA-seq data revealed 815 differentially expressed genes， of which 508 genes were up-regulated and 307 genes were down-regulated. These genes were closely related to the cell adhesion and angiogenesis. The construction of E2F2 knockdown MM.1S cell lines were verified by Western Blotting and qRT-PCR. Knockdown of E2F2 significantly increased the adhesion level of MM.1S cells and elevated the expression of FN1， PECAM1， ICOSLG and other cell adhesion related genes， while weakening the invasion ability of MM.1S cells， P < 0.05. ConclusionsThrough bioinformatics analysis of the RNA-seq data， we found that the transcription factor E2F2 is closely related to the cell adhesion in myeloma. Knockdown of E2F2 in the MM.1S cell line promotes the expression of cell adhesion related genes， increases the cell adhesion level， and inhibites cell migration ability.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical and pathological features of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) and its significance in diagnosis.

METHODSSix cases of PTLD were studied by light microscope, immunohistochemistry, in-situ hybridization, and gene rearrangement analysis. The clinical and follow-up information were also reviewed.

RESULTSAmong the 6 cases, 3 with monomorphic PTLD were renal transplant recipients, and died 4, 2, and 1 months after diagnosis. 2 were liver transplant recipients, 1 of whom with monomorphic PTLD died 5 months after diagnosis, the other one was diagnosed as early lesion of PTLD and the post-bone marrow transplant case was classified as polymorphic PTLD who survived for 12 months after diagnosis of PTLD. EBER 1/2 DNA was demonstrated in 4 cases.

CONCLUSIONSPTLD is a lymphoproliferative disease with distinctive morphologic and clinical characteristics after organ transplantation. The prognosis of PTLD correlates with the pathological subtypes and clinical stage.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; etiology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Transplantation, Homologous ; pathology

BACKGROUNDDiffusion weighted imaging with background suppression (DWIBS) is potentially useful in detecting metastatic lymph nodes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of DWIBS at 3T magnetic resonance (MR) for diagnosing metastatic lymph nodes in cervical cancer.

METHODSThis retrospective study included 25 patients with cervical cancer who underwent MR examination and were treated by hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy. The metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes were histologically proven by operation. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, long-axis diameters, short-axis diameters, ratio of short- to long-axis diameters of all the identifiable lymph nodes were measured and compared.

RESULTSTwenty-five primary tumor lesions, 17 metastatic lymph nodes and 140 non-metastatic lymph nodes were pathologically confirmed in 25 cases with cervical cancer. The difference of ADC values between primary tumor lesions, metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes were statistically significant (F = 7.93, P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between primary tumor lesions of cervical cancer and metastatic lymph nodes (t = -0.75, P = 0.456), and the difference between primary tumor lesions and non-metastatic lymph nodes was statistically significant (t = 4.68, P < 0.001). The ADC values, long-axis diameters, short-axis diameters, ratio of short- to long-axis diameters of metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes were (0.86 ± 0.36) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s vs. (1.12 ± 0.34) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, (1.51 ± 0.41) cm vs. (1.19 ± 0.36) cm, (1.16 ± 0.35) cm vs. (0.77 ± 0.22) cm, 0.78 ± 0.17 vs. 0.68 ± 0.19 respectively, and statistically significant difference existed between two groups.

CONCLUSIONSDWIBS at 3T MR has the distinct advantages in detecting pelvic lymph nodes of cervical cancer. Quantitative measurement of ADC values could reflect the degree of restriction of diffusion of metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes. The combination of size and ADC value would be useful in the accurate diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Pilot Projects ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology

Adult ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the imaging feature of primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone (PBMFH) by the conventional radiography, CT and MRI, and to evaluate these different imaging methods in its diagnosis.

METHODSThe imaging data of conventional radiography, CT and MRI of 35 patients with pathologically confirmed PBMFH were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThough the imaging appearance of PBMFH varied in different cases, all the imaging findings of malignant bone tumors were revealed. The common imaging appearance on the conventional radiography and CT were eccentric, aggressive, osteolytic destructions of various types located at the ends of extremities with extraosseous soft tissue masses, but periosteal reaction was rare. Heterogeneous signal intensities on T(1)WI and T(2)WI were common MRI changes but not specific.

CONCLUSIONPrimary malignant bone fibrous histiocytoma, a rare primary malignant bone tumor, is most frequently located in the long bone. Conventional radiography is still the first and main choice and is taken as an essential means of diagnosis. CT and MRI are quite important in demonstrating the details and extent of the disease such as soft tissue, cortical destruction, periosteal reaction, calcification and necrosis. The imaging characteristics may be of value in differentiating MFH from the other malignant bone tumors. Furthermore, MRI may also be valuable in assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, as well as in distinguishing recurrence from postoperative or post-radiation changes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo analyze the prognostic value of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c-met for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.

METHODSTwenty-five patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for HCC were studied. Serum HGF level was determined using ELISA kit before and after operation respectively. c-met protein and mRNA expression in cancerous and paracancerous tissues were detected by immunohistochemical and RT-PCR methods respectively. The correlations of clinical-pathologic parameters with the HGF level in serum and c-met expression in cancerous tissue were analyzed respectively.

RESULTSHCC patients had a significantly higher concentration of serum HGF than normal controls and chronic hepatitis B respectively [(1.03 +/- 0.09) ng/ml vs (0.69 +/- 0.02) ng/ml and (0.74 +/- 0.09) ng/ml]. No significant difference in serum HGF was observed between HCC and cirrhosis patients with Child-Pugh score B/C [(1.03 +/- 0.09) ng/ml vs (1.04 +/- 0.11) ng/ml]. Serum HGF concentrations were positively correlated with tumor size (> 5 cm), node cirrhosis, portal vein tumor thrombi (PVTT) and preoperative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level (> or = 400 microg/L). After the resection of tumor, serum HGF concentration had a peak on the third postoperative day (POD), and then declined, but did not return to normal level on the tenth POD. From preoperative day to third POD, HGF concentration had a higher elevation in patients with major resection than with local resection. Moderately or strongly positive expression of c-met protein was observed in 21 cancerous regions (21/25), and only in 5 paracancerous regions. The intensive expression of c-met mRNA was 100% (25/25) detectable in the cancerous tissues, but only 24% (6/25) in the paracancerous tissues. The expression extent of c-met protein was correlated with portal vein tumor thrombi (PVTT). In paracancerous tissues, the expression of c-met protein was more intense in patients with cirrhosis than those without cirrhosis. The patients with recurrence or metastases after operation had a higher level of serum HGF and more intensive expression of c-met than other patients. No significant association was observed between HGF in serum and c-met expression in cancerous tissue.

CONCLUSIONSThe over-expression of HGF and its receptor c-met indicate an adverse prognosis for HCC patients. The sustained high level of serum HGF after hepatectomy may be a factor related to early tumor recurrence and metastasis.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; surgery ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; blood ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

【Objective】 To investigate the expression and significance of phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinase(p-AXL) in diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL), and the clinical value of its co-expression with BCL-2 and /or c-MYC split gene. 【Methods】 Totally 118 cases of DLBCL were collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2012 to 2017, and prepared as tissue array. p-AXL, c-MYC and BCL-2 proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry, and c-MYC split gene was detected by FISH staining. 【Results】 p-AXL protein was stained on tumor cells’membrane or in the cytoplasm of DLBCL cells. p-AXL was expressed more commonly in Non-GCB type than in GCB type. The expression of p-AXL was significantly correlated with the chemotherapy effect(P<0.01), and the expression of c-MYC split gene or BCL-2 protein separately(P<0.01). Co-expression of p-AXL and c-MYC, or BCL-2, or both of them was significantly correlated with the Hans typing(P<0.01). The PFS of p-AXL positive patients was obviously lower than that of p-AXL negative patients(P<0.05). The OS of p-AXL positive patients was also lower than that of the negative patients, but the difference had no statistical significance(P>0.05). Univariate analysis showed that p-AXL and male, p-AXL and Non-GCB type, p-AXL and c-MYC co-expression, p-AXL and c-MYC and/or BCL-2 co-expression were the risk factors for PFS and OS in DLBCL patients(P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that p-AXL positive in male(P<0.05) and p-AXL/c-MYC co-expression(P<0.01) were independent risk factors for PFS and OS in DLBCL patients. 【Conclusions】 p-AXL protein is expressed in DLBCL, and its expression is significantly related to the expression of c-MYC and BCL-2. p-AXL expression is associated with lower chemotherapy response rate, shorter progression-free survival and shorter overall survival. p-AXL/c-MYC co-expression or p-AXL positive in male may be an independent prognostic factor for DLBCL patients.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; genetics ; immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitope Mapping ; Epitopes ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fragments ; genetics ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region ; genetics ; immunology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Library ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

BACKGROUNDGenetic variations at the interleukin 28B (IL-28B) locus are important in predicting outcome following therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim of this research was to evaluate the role of IL-28B single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variations in Chinese patients undergoing pegylated interferon-α plus ribavirin (PEG-IFN-α/RBV) treatment.

METHODSTo determine the effect of IL-28B variation on the response to HCV therapy, these variants were genotyped in a cohort of 220 patients who were chronically infected with HCV and received combined PEG-IFN-α/RBV therapy.

RESULTSThe proportions of rs12979860 CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 71.4%, 25.0%, and 3.6% respectively, in the sustained virological response (SVR) group; 15.8%, 60.5%, and 23.7% respectively, in the null virological response (NVR) group; and 38.1%, 52.4%, and 9.5% respectively, in the relapse (Rel) group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that, compared to those having the CC genotype, CT heterozygotes had an increased risk of NVR and Rel (OR = 10.95, 95%CI = 4.12-29.11, P = 1.5×10(-7) and OR = 3.93, 95%CI = 1.86-8.32, P = 2.1×10(-4) respectively). The RNA quantification assay showed that patients with genotype CC exhibited much higher levels of IL-28 expression than those with genotype CT or TT (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSThe IL-28B SNP rs12979860 genotype was related to the effectiveness of HCV therapy: patients with the CC rs12979860 genotype had higher rates of SVR than those with the CT or TT genotype, and the CC genotype revealed a significantly higher level of IL-28 mRNA expression.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Genotype ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Interleukins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Ribavirin ; therapeutic use