Objective To develop an HPLC method for the measurement of fractional and molar esterification rate of serum HDL(FER HDL and MERHDL).Methods Blood samples were mixed with 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid)(DTNB)and the sera were separated.Serum HDL fractions were prepared by precipitation with Dextran sulfate and magnesium and the fractions were incubated at 37℃for 1 h in the presence and absence of 2-mercaptoethanol(ME).Free cholesterol levels of the HDL fractions were analyzed by HPLC and FERHDL and MERHDL were calculated.Results Under the selected conditions,serum free cholesterol could be stabilized by inhibition of LCAT with DTNB and the inhibition be reversed by ME. The total CVs for FERHDL and MERHDL were 1.59%-3.74% and 1.64%-2.88%,respectively.The averages of FERHDL and MERHDL in 70 apparently healthy subjects were 18.7%/h and 42.7 μmol·L-1·h-1 with standard deviations of 7.2%/h and 11.8 μmol·L-1·h-1·respectively,and the medians were 16.1%/h and 11.8 μmol·L-1·h-1.Close correlations of FERHDL.and MERHDL with other cardiovascular disease risk factors were observed.Conclusion A new method for the measurements of FERHDL and MERHDL by HPLC has been estabished. The method is safe, precise and simple and applications in the assessment of cardiovascular diseases risks are expected.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the preparation technique and optimal formulation of Fuyankang dispersed tablets.

METHODThe formula of Fuyankang dispersed tablets were optimized in terms of disintegrating time by studying single factor and orthogonal design test.

RESULTThe products formulated with the optimum techniques met the quality specification of dispersed tablets. The dissolubility of the optimized dispersed tables was obviously faster than that of common tablets.

CONCLUSIONThis prescription and technology of Fuyankang dispersed tablets are reasonable and effective.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Excipients ; Particle Size ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Tablets

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the most adverse obstetric outcomes.Our aim is to detect the risks of multilevel PPH in different cesarean section (CS) groups [including nulliparous CS with indications,nulliparous CS without indications,repeat cesarean (RC),vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC),cesarean after vaginal birth (CAVB)].We conducted a retrospective cohort study,and the data on 127 145 women collected from January 2014 to May 2016 and from 35 tertiary hospitals in Shanxi province,China,were reviewed.Based on the measuring results of PPH,an ordered logistic regression model was used to analyze the adjusted PPH risks for each of the CS groups,and comparisons were drawn between them.Finally,a total of 99 066 nulliparous (77.92％) and 28 079 multiparous (22.08％) women were observed.The number of CS cases was 61 117,and the rate for CS was 48.07％.A total of 10 029 women did not show indications for CS and accounted for 16.41％ of the CS parturient,whereas 9103 women underwent a repeated cesarean,with a CS frequency of 14.89％.The number of VBAC cases was 989,whose rate was 9.88％ in prior CS women.The number (proportions) of PPH was 3658 (2.88％) in LI (PPH volume:≥900 and ＜1500 mL),520 (0.41％) in L2 (PPH volume:≥1500 and＜2100 mL),and 201 (0.16％) in L3 (PPH volume:≥2100 mL).The Ln (n=1,2,3,etc.) represented the increasing order of PPH severity.In the adjusted results,compared with spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) as the reference group,in the adjusted result for nulliparous,there was a decreased PPH risk in CS with indications (OR:2.32;CI:2.04-2.62),which was lower than that of CS without indications (OR:2.50;CI:2.01-2.96).The highest PPH risk in all subgroups (i.e.nulliparous and multiparous groups) was observed in the RC (OR:3.61;CI:3.16-4.17),which was nearly twice higher than that of the VBAC (OR:1.82;CI:1.33-2.52).CAVB (OR:1.03;CI:0.65-1.62) showed no significant difference with the reference group.Thus,we deemed that CS should be avoided in nulliparous pregnancies unless indicated,to prevent or reduce the rates for the use of RC or VBAC which are high risks of severe PPH to the parturient women.

OBJECTIVETo explore the preventive and treatment effects of smectite powder on enteral bacterial translocation in scalded rats.

METHODSFifty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups, i.e. normal control (A, n = 6), burn control (B, n = 24), and burn treatment (T, n = 24) groups. The rats in B and T groups were fed with tracing bacteria JM109, which was transfected with PUC19 plasmid in advance. The rats were subjected to 30% TBSA scald injury after the plasmid was shown to have colonized in the intestine. Smectite powder (0.6 g/day/kg) was fed to rats of T group immediately after the scalding, while those in B group received no smectite powder. Bacterial translocation in blood and mesenteric lymph nodes in all groups was observed and identified by enzyme digestion at 12 post scald hour (PSH) and on 1, 3 and 5 post-scald days (PSD). The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined in rat intestinal tissue. And the degree of injury to the entire small intestine was observed pathologically. The villus height of intestinal mucosa was measured, and the rate of epithelial nuclear splitting of mucosal crypts was calculated.

RESULTSThe number of rats with positive blood bacterial culture in B group was obviously higher than that in A and T groups (P < 0.05) on 1 and 5 PSD. The bacterial quantity in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) in T group on 1 PSD (38 +/- 16 CFU/g) and 5 PSD (68 +/- 20 CFU/g) were obviously lower than those in B group (228 +/- 67 vs 183 +/- 29 CFU/g, P < 0.05). There was significant difference in the intestinal contents of MDA and SOD between B and T groups at each time point (P < 0.05). The rat jejunum villus height and the epithelial nuclear splitting in the small intestine mucosa in T group were evidently higher than those in B group (P < 0.05 or 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSmectite powder is beneficial to the protection of the intestinal mucosa in scalded rats, and can effectively prevent postburn intestinal bacterial translocation in rats.

Animals ; Bacterial Translocation ; Burns ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Intestinal Mucosa ; microbiology ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Silicates ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo observe and compare the clinical effect of Dingweiban and Xieban manipulation, and to compare the change of the deviation of spinous processes between two methods.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-two cases were divided into two groups. Sixty-two cases were treated with Dingweiban manipulation method and 60 cases by Xieban manipulation. The changes of Fairbank scores, the clinical effects and the difference of the deviation of the spinous processes (L3, L4, L5) from the lumbar posterior-anterior X-ray were compared.

RESULTSThe scores before and after treatment and 3 months after treatment were compared. There were significant differences between two groups (P < 0.05) by nonparametric test. The result of Dingweiban manipulation group: 53 cases cured, 5 cases better, 3 cases effective and 1 case no effect. The result of clinical Xieban manipulation group: 43 cases cured, 6 cases better, 7 cases effective and 4 cases no effect. The clinical effects had significant differences after treatment and 3 months after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.0l) by nonparametric test. After the first treating, there was clear difference of the deviations' distance of the L4 spinous process compared with the Xieban manipulation group (P < 0.05). After the last treating, there were clear differences of the deviation distance of the L4 and L5 spinous processes compared with the Xieban manipulation group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONDingweiban manipulation is better than Xieban manipulation in effects and has influence on the deviation of spinous processes, especially for the L5 spinous process.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; therapy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Manipulation, Spinal ; methods ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of dermal defect and fat dome structure destruction in burn wounds on the formation of hyperplastic scar.

METHODSFifty two wounds in 24 burn patients with deep partial thickness burn indicating tangential excision in the extremities were enrolled in the study, and they were divided into three groups according to the extent of exposure of dermal fat granules, i.e. A (without fat exposure), B (with little fat exposure) and C (with much fat exposure) groups. These three groups were subdivided into A1 (without grafting), A2 (grafting with razor thin skin), B1 (without grafting), B2 (with razor thin skin grafting), C1 (without grafting) and C2 (with split-thickness skin grafting) groups, with 9 wounds in each group. The dermal depth and exposure rate of the fat granules in each group were measured and analyzed by KS400 photography analysis apparatus. The follow-up conditions of the scars 6 months after operation were evaluated with Vancouver remark system by Vancouver score assessment.

RESULTSThere was obvious difference in the dermal depth and exposure rate of the fat granules among all the groups (P < 0.05 or 0.01). The fat exposure rate was positively correlated with the extent of the dermal defect (gamma = 0.554, P < 0.05). The Vancouver score in group A was lower than that in B and C groups (P < 0.05), while that in B1 group (3.714 +/- 2.498) was evidently higher than that in other groups (P < 0.01). The scar score was lowered when the wounds were grafted with the dermis with its thickness similar to the depth of the defect, The scar score was increased along with the elevation of fat exposure rate (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere was a positive correlation between the degree of dermal defect and that of hyperplastic scar after burns. The disruption of fat dome structure might also be an important factor in the scar development.

Adipose Tissue ; pathology ; Adult ; Burns ; complications ; pathology ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; etiology ; pathology ; Dermis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Wound Healing

The paper was aimed to investigate the association of VDR polymorphisms with tacrolimus (FK506) concentration in Chinese renal transplant recipients. A total of 114 renal transplant recipients receiving tacrolimus were genotyped for VDR rs1540339 and rs2853559 by Agena Bioscience MassARRAY^® system and CYP3A5*3 by PCR-RFLP method. Trough concentrations of tacrolimus on day 7 after renal transplantation were collected from clinical data. Statistical analysis was performed with Spearman's correlation, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. The dose-adjusted concentration of tacrolimus in VDR rs2853559 GA and GG carriers were considerably higher than that of AA carriers. After stratification by CYP3A5*3 genotypes, VDR rs2853559 GA and GG carriers had a higher dose-adjusted tacrolimus concentration than that in AA carriers in CYP3A5 nonexpresser. CYP3A5*3 and VDR rs2853559 explained 45.6% variability of tacrolimus C₀/D. In CYP3A5 non-expressers, VDR rs2853559 explained 14.4% variability of tacrolimus C₀/D. The results illustrated that VDR rs2853559 polymorphisms was associated with tacrolimus concentrations, and the determination of this SNP may be useful for individualized medicine of tacrolimus.

Objective The aim of this study was to demonstrate the immunogenicity and safety of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (acellular, component) , poliomyelitis (inactivated) vaccine (adsorbed) and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (DTaP-IPV//PRP-T) combined vaccine compared with commercially available DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), tetanus conjugate and IPV monovalent vaccine. Methods Subjects were randomly divided into three groups, Group A and Group B were DTaP-IPV//PRP-T combined vaccine (PENTAXIMTM) vaccinated at 2,3,4 months of age or 3,4, 5 months of age respectively; Group C was commercially available DTaP. Hib tetanus conjugate (Act-HIBTM) and IPV (IMOVAX PolioTM) vaccines vaccinated at 3,4, 5 months of age. All groups received booster dose at 18 to 20 months of age, with antibody titers tested. Non-inferiority analysis was demonstrated in terms of seroprotection / seroconversion rates between Group A, Group B respectively and Group C. Safety information was collected after each vaccination to assess the safety of investigational vaccines. Results The non-inferiority of DTaP-IPV//PRP-T combined vaccine vaccinated at 2,3,4 or 3,4, 5 months of age versus DTaP, Hib tetanus conjugate and IPV vaccine was demonstrated for all vaccine antigens in both primary and booster phases in terms of seroprotection/seroconversion rates. DTaP-IPV//PRP-T combined vaccine was well tolerated. The rate of solicited/unsoliciated severe adverse reactions was very low and similar to the control vaccines. Conclusion DTaP-IPV//PRP-T combined vaccine was highly immunogenic with good safety profile in Chinese infants, which was comparable to the commercially available control vaccines.

We report a complete genomic sequence of rare isolates (minor genotype) of the SARS-CoV from SARS patients in Guangdong, China, where the first few cases emerged. The most striking discovery from the isolate is an extra 29-nucleotide sequence located at the nucleotide positions between 27,863 and 27,864 (referred to the complete sequence of BJ01) within an overlapped region composed of BGI-PUP5 (BGI-postulated uncharacterized protein 5) and BGI-PUP6 upstream of the N (nucleocapsid) protein. The discovery of this minor genotype, GD-Ins29, suggests a significant genetic event and differentiates it from the previously reported genotype, the dominant form among all sequenced SARS-CoV isolates. A 17-nt segment of this extra sequence is identical to a segment of the same size in two human mRNA sequences that may interfere with viral replication and transcription in the cytosol of the infected cells. It provides a new avenue for the exploration of the virus-host interaction in viral evolution, host pathogenesis, and vaccine development.
Base Sequence ; China ; Cluster Analysis ; Gene Components ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS Virus ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; genetics

Objective: To investigate the current situation of cell phone use and sleep quality among college students, establish a sleep quality trajectory model and explore the influence of cell phone use on the sleep quality trajectory. Methods: Based on data from the College Student Behavior and Health Cohort Study 2019-2020, a latent class growth modeling was used to establish a sleep quality trajectory model among college students. The baseline influencing factors of sleep quality trajectories among college students were analyzed by χ² test, and the effects of cell phone use on sleep quality trajectories were analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results: A total of 1 092 college students were included in the analysis. The detection rates of cell phone use and poor sleep quality were 24.5% and 13.3%. Latent class growth model identified two groups of sleep quality trend trajactories: an improved sleep quality group (86.0%) and a decreased sleep quality group (14.0%). The result of binary logistic regression showed that the cell phone use was a risk factor of sleep quality trajectories. Conclusion: The cell phone use during college period could increase the risk of poor sleep quality. Targeted intervention measures about cell phone use should be adopted to improve the sleep quality among college students.
Humans ; Sleep Quality ; Cohort Studies ; Cell Phone Use ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Students ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Cell Phone ; Sleep