1.Brain Mechanisms of Chronic Pain
The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2021;58(11):1243-1249
3.Can Postural Instability Respond to Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease?.
Hiroshi KATAOKA ; Yohei OKADA ; Takao KIRIYAMA ; Yorihiro KITA ; Junji NAKAMURA ; Shu MORIOKA ; Koji SHOMOTO ; Satoshi UENO
Journal of Movement Disorders 2016;9(1):40-43
OBJECTIVE: Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) activates the vestibular afferents, and these changes in vestibular input exert a strong influence on the subject's posture or standing balance. In patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), vestibular dysfunction might contribute to postural instability and gait disorders. METHODS: Current intensity was increased to 0.7 mA, and the current was applied to the patients for 20 minutes. To perform a sham stimulation, the current intensity was increased as described and then decreased to 0 mA over the course of 10 seconds. The patient's status was recorded continuously for 20 minutes with the patient in the supine position. RESULTS: Three out of 5 patients diagnosed with PD with postural instability and/or abnormal axial posture showed a reduction in postural instability after GVS. The score for item 12 of the revised Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part 3 was decreased in these patients. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanism of postural instability is complex and not completely understood. In 2 out of the 5 patients, postural instability was not changed in response to GVS. Nonetheless, the GVS-induced change in postural instability for 3 patients in our study suggests that GVS might be a therapeutic option for postural instability.
Gait
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Humans
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Parkinson Disease*
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Posture
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Supine Position
4.Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined with Action Observation and Electromyographic Biofeedback Training in a Patient with Writer's Cramp
Yohei OKADA ; Chiharu SHIBAMOTO ; Yukari OSUMI ; Chihiro ASANO ; Riho TAKEUCHI ; Sachio NABESHIMA ; Shu MORIOKA ; Koji SHOMOTO
Journal of Movement Disorders 2018;11(2):82-86
We present a 47-year-old right-handed woman with a 15-year history of writer's cramp who was provided with six sessions of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with observation of writing actions performed by a healthy subject and electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback training to decrease EMG activities in her right forehand muscles while writing for 30 min for 4 weeks. She showed improvement in dystonic posture and writing speed after the intervention. The writing movement and writing speed scores on a writer's cramp rating scale decreased, along with writing time. Our findings demonstrated that cathodal tDCS combined with action observation and EMG biofeedback training might improve dystonic writing movements in a patient with writer's cramp.
Biofeedback, Psychology
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Dystonic Disorders
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Female
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Healthy Volunteers
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Humans
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Middle Aged
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Muscles
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Posture
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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
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Writing